@article{arka2019, title = {The core-oblique distinction in some Austronesian languages of Indonesia and beyond}, volume = {35}, year = {2019}, abstract = {This paper explores the nature of core-oblique distinctions in some Austronesian languages of Indonesia, focusing on the intermediate status between core and oblique categories. It proposes a core index, a novel method to determine the core status of an argument. Core index evidence shows that there is a cline running from syntactically core to non-core (oblique), and that the degree of coreness in Indonesian and Balinese shows striking parallelism. The proposed core-index-based analysis allows us to claim syntactic transitivity with confidence and to resolve successfully the controversial transitivity problem of the Indonesian bare verb construction. The analysis advances our understanding of the nature of semi-core arguments, syntactic transitivity, symmetricality of voice system, and alternative argument realisations, not only in Indonesian and Balinese, but also in other typologically different Austronesian languages of central and eastern Indonesia and beyond. Importantly, the core-index study also provides a means for cross-linguistic comparative analysis of the unusual alternative pattern of applicativisation whereby no core promotion is involved. The paper also discusses how the gradient nature of the core-oblique distinction, particularly semi-coreness of arguments, poses a challenge for any theory that posits discrete classes of relations.}, author = {Arka, I. Wayan}, journal = {Linguistik Indonesia}, number = {2}, pages = {101-144}, } @article{blake1906, author = {Blake, Frank R.}, address = {New Haven, etc}, journal = {Journal of the American Oriental Society}, number = {1}, pages = {183-189}, publisher = {American Oriental Society}, title = {Expression of Case by the Verb in {Tagalog}}, volume = {27}, year = {1906}, } @misc{corporaproject, title = {3NS Corpora Project}, howpublished = {\url{https://corporaproject.org}}, pblisher = {National Network of Normal Schools} } @incollection{rothstein2012, title = {Secondary predicates}, booktitle = {Semantics: An international handbook of natural language meaning. Volume 2}, author = {Susan Rothstein}, editor = {Klaus von Heusinger and Claudia Maienborn and Paul Portner}, publisher = {De Gruyter Mouton}, address = {Berlin}, pages = {1442--1462}, doi = {10.1515/9783110255072.1442}, year = {2012}, } @book{aldridge2004, address = {Ithaca, New York}, title = {Ergativity and word order in {Austronesian} languages}, publisher = {Cornell University PhD dissertation}, author = {Aldridge, Edith C.}, year = {2004}, } @book{malchukovcomrie2015, title = {Valency Classes in the World’s Languages}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {De Gruyter Mouton}, editor = {Malchukov, Andrej and Comrie, Bernard}, year = {2015}, } @book{grimshaw1990, author = {Grimshaw, Jane B. }, address = {Cambridge, MA}, booktitle = {Argument structure}, publisher = {MIT Press}, series = {Linguistic Inquiry monographs 18}, title = {Argument structure}, year = {1990}, } @book{coon2017, editor = {Coon, Jessica and Massam, Diane and Travis, Lisa deMena}, address = {Oxford, United Kingdom}, title = {The {Oxford} handbook of ergativity}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, series = {Oxford handbooks in linguistics}, year = {2017}, } @article{aldridge2012, title = {Antipassive and ergativity in {Tagalog}}, volume = {122}, journal = {Lingua}, author = {Aldridge, Edith C.}, year = {2012}, pages = {192--203}, } @book{bauer2003, address = {Washington D.C}, edition = {2nd}, title = {Introducing linguistic morphology}, publisher = {Georgetown University Press}, author = {Bauer, Laurie}, year = {2003}, } @book{bell1979, address = {Bloomington}, title = {Cebuano subjects in two frameworks}, publisher = {Indiana University Linguistics Club}, author = {Bell, Sarah}, year = {1979} } @incollection{blust2002, address = {Pacific Linguistics]. Canberra}, title = {Notes on the history of ‘focus’ in {Austronesian} languages}, booktitle = {The history and typology of {Western} {Austronesian} voice systems}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, the Australian National University}, author = {Blust, Robert A.}, editor = {Wouk, Fay and Ross, Malcolm}, year = {2002}, pages = {63--79} } @phdthesis{brainard1994, type = {{PhD} dissertation.}, title = {Voice and {Ergativity} in {Karao}}, doi = {10.1075/tsl.28.17bra.}, school = {University of Oregon}, author = {Brainard, Sherri}, year = {1994} } @book{sharman1963, title = {Morphology, morphophonology and meaning in the single-word verb-forms in {Bemba}}, publisher = {University of South Africa PhD dissertation}, author = {Sharman, John Campton}, year = {1963}, } @book{chen2017, title = {A reexamination of the {Philippine}-type voice system and its implication for {Austronesian} primary-level subgroupings}, publisher = {University of Hawai’i PhD dissertation}, author = {Chen, Victoria}, year = {2017}, } @incollection{comrie1985, title = {Causative verb formation and other verb-deriving morphology}, author = {Bernard Comrie}, editor = {Timothy Shopen}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, address = {Cambridge}, year = {1985}, booktitle = {Cognitive Linguistics Bibliography (CogBib)}, publisher = {De Gruyter Mouton}, address = {Berlin}, note = {2010}, } @misc{deguzman1978, title = {Syntactic derivation of {Tagalog} verbs}, publisher = {University of Hawai’i Press}, author = {DeGuzman, Videa P.}, year = {1978}, note = {Type: [Oceanic Linguistics Special Publications 16].}, } @incollection{fillmore1977, address = {New York}, title = {The case for case reopened}, booktitle = {Syntax and semantics. {Volume} 8: {Grammatical} relations}, address = {New York}, publisher = {Academic Press}, author = {Fillmore, Charles J.}, editor = {Cole, Peter and Sadock, Jerrold M.}, year = {1977}, pages = {59--81}, } @incollection{foley2008, title = {The place of {Philippine} languages in a typology of voice systems}, booktitle = {Voice and grammatical relations in {Austronesian} languages}, publisher = {Center for the Study of Language and Information (CSLI), Stanford University}, author = {Foley, William A.}, editor = {Austin, Peter K. and Musgrave, Simon}, year = {2008}, pages = {22--44}, } @book{goldberg2019, address = {Princeton}, title = {Explain me this: {Creativity}, competition and the partial productivity of constructions}, publisher = {Princeton University Press}, author = {Goldberg, Adele E.}, year = {2019}, } @article{hernandez-green2016, title = {Registration versus applicative constructions in {Acazulco} {Otomí}}, volume = {82}, number = {3}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, author = {Hernández-Green, Nestor}, year = {2016}, pages = {353--383}, } @incollection{hemmings2021, address = {Amsterdam}, title = {When an antipassive isn't an antipassive anymore: {The} actor-voice construction in {Kelabit}}, booktitle = {Antipassive: {Typology}, diachrony, and related constructions. [{Typological} {Studies} in {Language} 130}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, author = {Hemmings, Charlotte}, editor = {Janic, Katarzyna and Witzlack-Makarevich, Alena}, year = {2021}, } @book{himmelmann1991, title = {The {Philippine} challenge to universal grammar}, series = {Arbeitspapier}, number = {15 (Neue Folge)}, author = {Himmelmann, Nikolaus P.}, year = {1991}, publisher = {Institut für Sprachwissenschaft, Universität zu Köln}, } @article{hopper1980, title = {Transitivity in grammar and discourse}, volume = {56}, number = {2}, journal = {Language}, author = {Hopper, Paul J. and Thompson, Sandra A.}, year = {1980}, pages = {251--299}, } @article{jacques2013, title = {Applicative and tropative derivations in {Japhug} {Rgyalrong}}, volume = {36}, number = {2}, journal = {Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area}, author = {Jacques, Guillaume}, year = {2013}, pages = {1--13}, } @incollection{kaufman2009, booktitle = {Austronesian historical linguistics and culture history: {A} festschrift for {Bob} {Blust}}, pages = {187--215}, title = {Austronesian typology and the nominalist hypothesis}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {School of Pacific and Asian Studies, the Australian National University}, author = {Kaufman, Daniel}, editor = {Adelaar, Alexander and Pawley, Andrew}, year = {2009}, } @incollection{kaufman2017, title = {Lexical category and alignment in {Austronesian}}, booktitle = {The {Oxford} handbook of ergativity}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, author = {Kaufman, Daniel}, editor = {Coon, Jessica and Massam, Diane and Travis, Lisa deMena}, year = {2017}, } @misc{kemmer1993, title = {The middle voice}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, author = {Kemmer, Suzanne}, year = {1993}, address ={Amsterdam Type: [Typological Studies in Language 23].}, } @incollection{kiyosawa2010, address = {Amsterdam}, title = {Benefactive and malefactive uses of {Salish} applicatives}, volume = {92}, booktitle = {Benefactives and malefactives: {Typological} perspectives and case studies [{Typological} {Studies} in {Language}}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, author = {Kiyosawa, Kaoru and Gerdts, Donna B.}, editor = {Zúñiga, Fernando and Kittilä, Seppo}, year = {2010}, pages = {147--184}, } @book{vanvalin1997, series = {Cambridge textbooks in linguistics}, title = {Syntax : structure, meaning, and function }, year = {1997}, author = {Van Valin, Robert D. and LaPolla, Randy J.}, address = {Cambridge, U.K. ;}, booktitle = {Syntax: {Structure}, meaning, and function}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, } @article{lapolla2011, title = {On transitivity}, journal = {Studies in Language, special issue}, volume = {35}, number = {3}, pages = {469--91}, journal = {Studies in transitivity: Insights from language documentation}, author = {LaPolla, Randy J. and Kratochvíl, František and Coupe, Alexander}, editor = {Kratochvíl, František and Coupe, Alexander R. and Lapolla, Randy J.}, year = {2011}, address = {Amsterdam}, Publisher = {John Benjamins}, } @book{liao2004, title = {Transitivity and ergativity in {Formosan} and {Philippine} languages}, publisher = {University of Hawai’i at Manoa PhD dissertation}, author = {Liao, Hsiu–chuan}, year = {2004}, } @book{lehmann2006, address = {Amsterdam}, series = {Case, valency and transitivity [{Studies} in {Language} {Companion} {Series}}, title = {Extraversive transitivization in {Yucatec} {Maya} and the nature of the applicative}, volume = {77}, publisher = {John Benjamins publishing company}, author = {Lehmann, Christian and Verhoeven, Elisabeth}, editor = {Kulikov, Leonid and Malchukov, Andrej and Swart, Peter}, year = {2006}, } @article{marle1996, title = {The unity of morphology: {On} the interwovenness of the derivational and inflectional dimension of the word}, journal = {Yearbook of morphology}, author = {Marle, J.van}, year = {1996}, pages = {67--82}, } @article{mithun1994, title = {The implications of ergativity for a {Philippine} voice system}, volume = {27}, journal = {Typological Studies in language}, author = {Mithun, Marianne}, editor = {Fox, Barbara and Hopper, Paul J.}, year = {1994}, address ={Amsterdam Publisher: John Benjamins}, pages = {247--277}, } @inproceedings{mithun2002, title = {Understanding and explaining applicatives}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Thirty}–seventh {Meeting} of the {Chicago} {Linguistic} {Society}: {Functionalism} and formalism in {Linguistic} {Theory}}, author = {Mithun, Marianne}, editor = {Andronis, Mary and Ball, Christopher and Elston, Heidi and Neuvel, Sylvain}, year = {2002}, pages = {73--98}, } @incollection{mithun2019, address = {Amsterdam}, title = {Grammatical relations in {Hiligaynon}}, booktitle = {Argument selectors. {A} new perspective on grammatical relations}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, author = {Mithun, Marianne}, editor = {Witzlack-Makarevich, Alena and Bickel, Balthasar}, year = {2019}, pages = {131--184}, } @book{naess2007, address = {Amsterdam}, title = {Prototypical transitivity [{Typological} {Studies} in {Language} 72}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, author = {Næss, Åshild}, year = {2007}, } @book{nolasco2012, address = {Tacloban City}, title = {An {Bag}–o nga ortograpiya han winaray}, publisher = {Leyte Normal University Press}, author = {Nolasco, Ricardo M. and Oyzon, Voltaire Q. and Ramos, Firie Jill T.}, year = {2012}, } @incollection{pacchiarotti2020, address = {Chicago}, title = {Bantu applicative constructions}, booktitle = {Stanford {Monographs} in {African} {Languages}}, publisher = {University of Chicago Press}, author = {Pacchiarotti, Sara}, year = {2020}, } @inproceedings{payne1986, address = {Eugene}, title = {Inflection versus derivation: is there a difference?}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {First} {Annual} {Pacific} {Linguistics} {Conference}}, publisher = {University of Oregon}, author = {Payne, Doris L.}, year = {1986}, pages = {247--260}, } @article{payne1982, title = {Role and reference related subject properties and ergativity in {Yup}’ik {Eskimo} and {Tagalog}}, volume = {6}, number = {1}, journal = {Studies in Language}, author = {Payne, Thomas E.}, year = {1982}, pages = {75--106}, } @article{payne2020, title = {Transitivity, modality and voice in {Waray}}, volume = {51}, journal = {Philippine Journal of Linguistics}, author = {Payne, Thomas E. and Oyzon, Voltaire Q.}, year = {2020}, pages = {1--29}, } @book{oyzonnodate, title = {{Pagsantop} han {Winaray}: {Understanding} {Waray} grammar}, author = {Oyzon, Voltaire Q. and Payne, Thomas E.}, year = {In preparation} } @inproceedings{peterson1997, title = {The evolution of applicative constructions and {Proto}-{Austronesian} morphosyntax}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the twenty-third annual meeting of the {Berkeley} {Linguistics} {Society}: {General} session and parasession on pragmatics and grammatical structure}, author = {Peterson, David A.}, year = {1997}, pages = {278--289}, } @book{peterson2007, address = {New York}, title = {Applicative constructions [{Oxford} {Studies} in {Typology} and {Linguistic} {Theory}}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, author = {Peterson, David A.}, year = {2007}, } @incollection{polinsky2013, title = {Applicative constructions}, publisher = {Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology}, url = {http://wals.info/chapter/108,}, booktitle = {The {World} {Atlas} of {Language} {Structures} {Online}}, author = {Polinsky, Maria}, editor = {Dryer, Matthew S. and Haspelmath, Martin}, year = {2013}, address ={Leipzig} } @article{reid2004, title = {A brief syntactic typology of {Philippine} languages}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, journal = {Language and Linguistics}, author = {Reid, Lawrence A. and Liao, Hsiu–chuan}, year = {2004}, pages = {433--490}, } @misc{ross2002, title = {The history and transitivity of {Western} {Austronesian} voice and voice-marking}, author = {Ross, Malcolm}, editor = {{Wouk} and {Ross}}, year = {2002}, note = {Pages: 17–62}, } @incollection{ross2009, address = {Canberra}, title = {Proto {Austronesian} verbal morphology: {A} reappraisal}, booktitle = {Austronesian {Historical} {Linguistics} and {Culture} {History}: {A} festschrift for {Robert} {Blust}}, publisher = {Pacific Linguistics}, author = {Ross, Malcolm}, editor = {Adelaar, Alexander and Pawley, Andrew}, year = {2009}, pages = {295--326}, } @book{samkoe1994, title = {Mapping multiple applicatives. {Unpublished} {MA} thesis}, publisher = {Simon Fraser University}, author = {Samkoe, Lori M.}, year = {1994}, } @book{sapir1921, address = {New York}, title = {Language: {An} introduction to the study of speech}, publisher = {Harcourt Brace}, author = {Sapir, Edward}, year = {1921}, } @book{schachter1972, title = {Tagalog reference grammar}, publisher = {University of California Press}, author = {Schachter, Paul and Otanes, Fe}, year = {1972}, } @inproceedings{starosta1982, address = {Canberra}, title = {The evolution of focus in {Austronesian}}, booktitle = {Papers from the third international conference on {Austronesian} linguistics 1: {Tracking} the travellers}, publisher = {Pacific Linguistics}, author = {Starosta, Stanley and Pawley, Andrew K. and Reid, Lawrence A.}, editor = {Halim, Amran and Carington, Lois and Wurm, Stephen A.}, year = {1982}, pages = {145--170}, } @incollection{truong2021, address = {Berlin}, title = {Neglected functions of western {Indonesian} applicatives}, booktitle = {Applicative morphology: {Neglected} syntactic and non-syntactic functions}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, author = {Truong, Christina and McDonnell, Bradley}, editor = {Pacchiarotti, Sara and Zúñiga, Fernando}, year = {2021}, pages = {--}, } @article{wolff1970, title = {The {Classification} of {Cebuano} {Verbs}}, volume = {1}, number = {1}, journal = {Philippine journal of linguistics}, author = {Wolff, John}, year = {1970}, pages = {74--91}, } @incollection{wolff1973, address = {Manila}, title = {Verbal inflection in {Proto}-{Austronesian}}, booktitle = {Parangal kay {Cecilio} {Lopez}}, publisher = {Linguistic Society of the Philippines}, author = {Wolff, John}, editor = {Gonzalez, A.}, year = {1973}, pages = {71--91}, } @book{wolff1972, address = {Ithaca, New York}, title = {A dictionary of {Cebuano} {Visayan}}, volume = {2}, publisher = {Cornell University Southeast Asia Program}, author = {Wolff, John}, year = {1972}, } @book{wolff1967, address = {Ithaca, New York}, title = {Beginning {Waray}-{Waray}}, volume = {1-4}, publisher = {Cornell University Southeast Asia Program}, author = {Wolff, John and Wolff, Ada}, year = {1967} } @book{wouk2002, address = {Canberra}, title = {The history and typology of {Western} {Austronesian} voice systems. {Pacific} {Linguistics}}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, the Australian National University}, editor = {Wouk, Fay and Ross, Malcolm}, year = {2002}, } @incollection{zuniga2010, address = {Amsterdam}, title = {Benefactive and malefactive applicativization in {Mapudungun}}, volume = {92}, booktitle = {Benefactives and malefactives: {Typological} perspectives and case studies [{Typological} {Studies} in {Language}}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, author = {Zúñiga, Fernando}, editor = {Zúñiga, Fernando and Kittilä, Seppo}, year = {2010}, pages = {203--218} } @book{bloomfield1933, address = {New York}, title = {Language history; {From} {Language}}, publisher = {Holt, Rinehart, Winston}, author = {Bloomfield, Leonard}, year = {1933} } @unpublished{cena1977, author = {Cena, Resty}, year = {1977}, title = {Patient primacy in {Tagalog}}, howpublished = {Paper presented at the 1977 winter meeting of the {Linguistics} {Society} of {America}. {Chicago}, {Illinois}}, } @incollection{chafe1976, address = {New York}, title = {Givenness, contrastiveness, definiteness, subjects, topics and point of view}, booktitle = {Subject and topic}, publisher = {Academic Press}, author = {Chafe, Wallace L.}, editor = {Li, Charles N.}, year = {1976}, pages = {27--55} } @book{chafe1970, address = {Chicago}, title = {Meaning and the structure of language}, publisher = {University of Chicago Press}, author = {Chafe, Wallace L.}, year = {1970} } @book{comrie1989, title = {Language Universals and Linguistic Typology: {Syntax} and Morphology}, publisher = {Blackwell}, author = {Comrie, Bernard}, year = {1989}, Edition = {2}, Place = {Oxford} } @incollection{dik1981, title = {On the typology of focus phenomena}, booktitle = {Perspectives on {Functional} {Grammar}}, publisher = {Foris}, address = {Dordrecht, Holland}, author = {Dik, Simon}, editor = {Hoekstra, Teun and Hulst, Harry and Moortgat, Michael}, year = {1981} } @article{dixon1979, title = {Ergativity}, author = {Dixon, R. M. W.}, year = {1979}, journal = {Language}, volume = {55}, issue = {1}, pages = {59--138} } @book{dixon1972, address = {Cambridge}, title = {The {Dyirbal} language of {North} {Queensland}}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, author = {Dixon, R. M. W.}, year = {1972} } @book{dixon1994, address = {Cambridge}, title = {Ergativity}, series = {{Cambridge} {Studies} in {Linguistics} 69}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, author = {Dixon, R. M. W.}, year = {1994} } @incollection{dixon2004, title = {Adjective classes in typological perspective}, booktitle = {Adjective classes: {A} cross-linguistic typology}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, author = {Dixon, R. M. W.}, editor = {Dixon, R. M. W. and Aikhenvald, Alexandra}, year = {2004}, pages = {1--49} } @book{dixon2010a, title = {Basic {Linguistic} {Theory}. {Volume} 1: {Methodology}}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, author = {Dixon, R. M. W.}, year = {2010} } @book{dixon2010b, title = {Basic {Linguistic} {Theory}. {Volume} 2: {Grammatical} Topics}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, author = {Dixon, R. M. W.}, year = {2010} } @incollection{dryer2007, edition = {2}, title = {Word order}, volume = {1}, booktitle = {Language typology and syntactic description}, pages = {61--131}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, author = {Dryer, Matthew S.}, editor = {Shopen, Timothy}, year = {2007} } @article{dubois1987, title = {The {Discourse} {Basis} of {Ergativity}}, author = {{Du} {Bois} John W.}, year = {1987}, journal = {Language}, volume = {63}, pages= {805--855} } @misc{eberhard2023, title = {The Ethnologue: {Languages} of the world}, url = {www.ethnnologue.com.}, publisher = {SIL International, Global Publishing}, editor = {Eberhard, David M. and Simons, Gary F. and Fennig, Charles D.}, year = {2023} } @incollection{fillmore1977-1, address = {Bloomington}, title = {Topics in lexical semantics}, booktitle = {Current issues in linguistic theory}, publisher = {Indiana University Press}, author = {Fillmore, Charles J.}, editor = {Cole, Peter}, year = {1977}, pages = {76--138} } @book{fillmore1977-2, address = {New York}, title = {The case for case reopened. {Syntax} and semantics 8: grammatical relations}, publisher = {Academic Press}, author = {Fillmore, Charles J.}, editor = {Cole, P. and Sadock, J. M.}, year = {1977} } @book{fries1952, address = {New York}, title = {The Structure of {English}}, publisher = {Harcourt Brace}, author = {Fries, Charles C.}, year = {1952} } @book{greenbaum1996, title = {The {Oxford} {English} grammar}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, author = {Greenbaum, Sydney}, year = {1996} } @incollection{greenberg1963, address = {Cambridge, MA}, title = {Some Universals of grammar with particular reference to the order of meaningful elements}, booktitle = {Universals of language}, publisher = {MIT Press}, author = {Greenberg, Joseph H.}, editor = {Greenberg, Joseph H.}, year = {1963}, pages = {73--113} } @book{gruber1965, address = {Amsterdam}, title = {Studies in Lexical Relations}, publisher = {North Holland}, author = {Gruber, Jeffrey}, year = {1965} } @incollection{haspelmath1993, address = {Amsterdam}, title = {More on the typology of inchoative / causative alternations}, booktitle = {Causatives and transitivity}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, author = {Haspelmath, Martin}, editor = {Comrie, Bernard and Polinsky, Maria}, pages = {87--111}, year = {1993} } @book{haspelmath2002, title = {Understanding Morphology}, publisher = {Arnold}, address = {London}, author = {Haspelmath, Martin}, year = {2002} } @incollection{himmelmann2008, address = {Stanford}, title = {Lexical categories and voice in {Tagalog}}, booktitle = {Voice and Grammatical Relations in {Austronesian} Languages}, publisher = {Center for the Study of Language and Information (CSLI), Stanford University}, author = {Himmelmann, Nikolaus P.}, editor = {Austin, Peter and Musgrave, Simon}, year = {2008}, pages = {247--293} } @article{hopper1984-2, abstract = {Most linguists who have investigated linguistic categories from a universal viewpoint have accepted the existence of two basic parts of speech, NOUN and VERB. Other categories are found to be only inconsistently represented; thus ADJECTIVE is manifested in many languages as a class of stative verb. Furthermore, individual languages often have intermediate categories such as GERUND, which cannot be unambiguously assigned to a single category. We suggest here that the basic categories N and V are to be viewed as universal lexicalizations of the prototypical discourse functions of 'discourse-manipulable participant' and 'reported event', respectively. We find that the grammars of languages tend to label the categories N and V with morpho-syntactic markers which are iconically characteristic of these categories to the degree that a given instance of N or V approaches its prototypical function. In other words, the closer a form is to signaling this prime function, the more the language tends to recognize its function through morphemes typical of the category-e.g. deictic markers for N, tense markers for V. We conclude by suggesting that categoriality itself is another fundamental property of grammars which may be directly derived from discourse function.}, author = {Paul J. Hopper and Sandra A. Thompson}, journal = {Language}, number = {4}, pages = {703--752}, publisher = {Linguistic Society of America}, title = {The Discourse Basis for Lexical Categories in Universal Grammar}, volume = {60}, year = {1984} } @book{huddleston2002, title = {The {Cambridge} grammar of the {English} language}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, author = {Huddleston, Rodney and Pullum, Geoffrey K.}, year = {2002} } @book{kroeger1993, title = {Phrase structure and grammatical relations in {Tagalog}}, publisher = {Center for the Study of Language and Information (CSLI), Stanford University}, author = {Kroeger, Paul}, year = {1993}, } @article{lambrecht1994, title = {Information structure and sentence form. {A} theory of topic, focus, and the mental representations of discourse referents}, volume = {71}, journal = {Cambridge Studies in Linguistics}, author = {Lambrecht, Knud P.}, year = {1994}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press} } @book{lyons1968, title = {Introduction to theoretical linguistics}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, author = {Lyons, John}, year = {1968} } @inproceedings{payne1985, address = {Eugene}, title = {Inflection and derivation: is there a difference?}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the first annual {Pacific} {Linguistics} {Conference}}, publisher = {University of Oregon}, author = {Payne, Doris L.}, editor = {Delancey, Scott and Tomlin, Russel}, year = {1985}, pages = {247--78}, } @incollection{nuyts2016, title = {Surveying Modality and Mood: {An} Introduction}, doi = {10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199591435.013.37}, abstract = {This chapter offers an introduction to The Oxford Handbook of Modality and Mood. It briefly sketches the background of research on modality and mood and it explains the rationale behind the present volume. It lays out the principles that have been followed in composing the Handbook (in matters terminological conventions, the scope of the volume, the attention for typological variantion, the division of labor between the chapters, and the theory neutral character of the contributions) and that have been used as instructions for the authors of the individual chapters. And it presents an overview of the contents and organization of the chapters in the volume.}, booktitle = {The {Oxford} Handbook of Modality and Mood}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, author = {Nuyts, Jan}, year = {2016} } @article{kiefer1987, doi = {10.1515/flin.1987.21.1.67}, title = {On defining modality}, title = {}, author = {Ferenc Kiefer}, pages = {67--94}, volume = {21}, number = {1}, journal = {Folia Linguistica}, doi = {10.1515/flin.1987.21.1.67}, year = {1987}, } @article{payne1982-1, title = {Role and reference related subject properties and ergativity in {Yup}'ik {Eskimo} and {Tagalog}}, journal = {Studies in language}, volume = {VI}, number = {1}, pages = {75--106}, author = {Payne, Thomas E.}, year = {1982} } @incollection{payneoyzon2022, title = {Canonical and non-Canonical applicatives in {Waray}}, author = {Payne, Thomas E. and Oyzon, Voltaire Q.}, booktitle = {Applicative morphology: {Neglected} syntactic and non-syntactic functions}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, editor = {Pacchiarotti, Sara and Zúñiga, Fernando}, year = {2022}, pages = {329--372}, doi = {10.1515/9783110777949}, } @incollection{payne1994, address = {Amsterdam}, title = {The pragmatics of voice in a {Philippine} language: {Actor}-focus and goal-focus in {Cebuano} narrative}, booktitle = {Voice and inversion}, series = {{Typological} studies in language 28}, author = {Payne, Thomas E.}, editor = {Givón, T.}, year = {1994}, pages = {317--364} } @book{payne1997, title = {Describing morphosyntax}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, author = {Payne, Thomas E.}, year = {1997} } @book{payne2011, title = {Understanding {English} grammar: {A} linguistic introduction}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, author = {Payne, Thomas E.}, year = {2011} } @incollection{polinsky2013b, address = {Leipzig}, title = {Antipassive constructions}, url = {http://wals.info/chapter/108,}, booktitle = {The {World} {Atlas} of {Language} {Structures} {Online}}, publisher = {Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology}, author = {Polinsky, Maria}, editor = {Dryer, Matthew S. and Haspelmath, Martin}, year = {2013} } @book{rubino2000, title = {Ilocano {Dictionary} and {Grammar}}, publisher = {University of Hawaii Press}, author = {Rubino, Carl}, year = {2000}, address ={Honolulu} } @book{searle1969, title = {Speech acts}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, author = {Searle, John R.}, year = {1969}, doi = {10.1017/CBO9781139173438} } @article{segalowitz1978, title = {Agent–patient word-order preference in the acquisition of {Tagalog}}, volume = {5}, doi = {10.1017/S0305000900001938}, number = {1}, journal = {Journal of Child Language}, author = {Segalowitz, N. S. and Galang, R. G.}, year = {1978}, pages = {47--64} } @article{silverstein1972, title = {Chinook {Jargon}: {Language} Contact and the Problem of Multi-level Generative Systems, {II}}, volume = {48}, number = {3}, journal = {Language}, author = {Silverstein, Michael}, year = {1972}, note = {Publisher: Linguistic Socieety of America}, pages = {596--625}, } @incollection{silverstein1976, title = {Hierarchy of Features and Ergativity}, booktitle = {Grammatical Categories in {Australian} Languages}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies, Australian National University}, author = {Silverstein, Michael}, editor = {Dixon, R. M. W.}, year = {1976}, pages = {112--171} } @incollection{thompson1988, title = {The {Structure} of {Discourse} and ‘{Subordination}’}, booktitle = {Clause {Combining} in {Grammar} and {Discourse}}, publisher = {John Benjamins Publishing Company}, author = {Matthiessen, Christian M. I. M. and Thompson, Sandra A.}, pages = {275--330}, year = {1988} } @inbook{thompson2004, title = {Property concepts}, booktitle = {Ein internationales {Handbuch} zur {Flexion} und {Wortbildung}, vol. 2}, author = {Sandra A. Thompson}, editor = {Geert Booij and Christian Lehmann and Joachim Mugdan and Stavros Skopeteas and Wolfgang Kesselheim}, publisher = {De Gruyter Mouton}, address = {Berlin}, pages = {1111--1117}, doi = {10.1515/9783110172782.2.14.1111}, year = {2004}, } @article{vanvalin2000, title = {A concise introduction to {Role} and {Reference} {Grammar}}, volume = {12}, number = {1-2}, journal = {Fluminensia}, author = {Van Valin, Robert D.}, year = {2000}, pages = {47--78} } @article{kulikov2014, title = {Special Issue: {Typology} of Labile Verbs: {Focus} on Diachrony Introduction}, author = {Leonid Kulikov and Nikolaos Lavidas}, pages = {871--877}, volume = {52}, number = {4}, journal = {Linguistics}, doi = {10.1515/ling-2014-0010}, year = {2014} } @book{givon2001-1, title = {Syntax: A Functional-typological Introduction}, volume = {1}, edition = {2}, year = {2001}, author = {Givón, T.}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, } @book{givon2001-2, title = {Syntax: A Functional-typological Introduction}, volume = {2}, year = {2001}, author = {Givón, T.}, edition = {2}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, } @incollection{vanvalin2006, title = {Some universals of verb semantics}, booktitle = {Linguistic Universals}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, author = {Van Valin, Robert D.}, editor = {Mairal, Ricardo and Gil, Juana}, year = {2006} } @article{vendler1957, title = {Verbs and times}, volume = {66}, number = {2}, pages = {143--160}, journal = {The Philosophical Review}, author = {Vendler, Zeno}, year = {1957} } @article{blust1991, title = {The {Greater} {Central} {Philippines} Hypothesis}, volume = {30}, number = {2}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, author = {Blust, Robert}, year = {1991}, pages = {73--129} } @book{dyen1965, title = {A Lexicostatistical classification of {Austronesian} languages}, series = {Indiana University Publications in Anthropology and Linguistics 19}, address = {Bloomington}, publisher = {Indiana University Press}, author = {Dyen, Isidore}, year = {1965}, } @article{elkins1974, title = {A {Proto}-{Manobo} wordlist}, volume = {13}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, author = {Elkins, Richard E.}, year = {1974}, pages = {601--641} } @phdthesis{harmon1977, title = {Kagayanen and the {Manobo} subgroup of {Philippine} languages}, school = {University of Hawaii at Manoa}, author = {Harmon, Carol W.}, year = {1977} } @misc{llamzon1974, address = {Honolulu}, title = {A subgrouping of 101 {Philippine} languages}, note = {A paper presented at the first {International} {Conference} on {Comparative} {Austronesian} {Linguistics}}, author = {Llamzon, Theodoro A.}, year = {1974} } @incollection{macgregor1995, address = {Berlin}, title = {Kagayanen: {Introduction} and wordlist}, booktitle = {Comparative {Austronesian} Dictionary: {An} Introduction to {Austronesian} Studies}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, author = {MacGregor, Louise}, editor = {Tryon, Darrell T.}, year = {1995}, pages = {363--368} } @article{macgregor1999, title = {Two {Kagayanen} texts}, volume = {10}, pages = {91--114}, number = {2}, journal = {Studies in {Philippine} Languages and Cultures}, howpublished = {\url{https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/25844}}, author = {MacGregor, Louise and Pebley, Carol J.}, year = {1999}, } @misc{olson2007a, title = {Articulation of the {Kagayanen} interdental approximate; {An} ultrasound study}, howpublished = {Presentation at the {Linguistic} {Society} of {America} annual meeting, Anaheim, CA}, author = {Olson, Kenneth S. and Mielke, Jeff}, year = {2007}, } @article{olson2008, title = {Acoustic properties of the interdental approximate in {Kagayanen}}, volume = {123}, number = {5}, journal = {Journal of the Acoustical Society of America}, author = {Olson, Kenneth S. and Mielke, Jeff}, year = {2008}, pages = {33--50} } @article{olson2010, title = {The phonetic status of the (inter)dental approximant}, volume = {40}, number = {2}, journal = {Journal of the International Phonetic Association}, author = {Olson, Kenneth S. and Mielke, Jeff and Sanicas-Daguman, Josephine and Pebley, Carol J. and Paterson, Hugh J.}, year = {2010}, pages = {199--215} } @incollection{pebley1998, address = {Manila}, title = {Semantic Intransitivity, causation, and the affix \textit{m-} in {Kagayanen}}, booktitle = {Localist Case Grammar and {Philippine} verbs}, publisher = {Linguistic Society of the Philippines}, howpublished = {\url{https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/25581}}, author = {Pebley, Carol J.}, editor = {Brainard, Sherri}, year = {1998}, pages = {44--53}, } @article{pebleyfunctions1999, title = {The functions of fronted noun phrases in {Kagayanen} expository discourse}, volume = {30}, number = {1-2}, journal = {Philippine Journal of Linguistics}, author = {Pebley, Carol J. and Brainard, Sherri}, year = {1999}, pages = {75--121}, } @article{pebleyenclitic1999, title = {Kagayanen enclitic demonstratives, \textit{i, an,} and \textit{ya}}, volume = {10}, number = {2}, journal = {Studies in {Philippine} Languages and Cultures}, howpublished = {\url{https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/25925}}, author = {Pebley, Carol J.}, year = {1999}, pages = {50--90} } @article{pebleyparticipant1999, title = {Participant reference in {Kagayanen}}, volume = {10}, number = {2}, journal = {Studies in Philippine Languages and Cultures}, howpublished = {\url{https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/25623}}, author = {Pebley, Carol J.}, year = {1999}, pages = {21--49} } @book{zorc1977, author = {Zorc, R. David Paul.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Dept. of Linguistics, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University}, series = {Pacific linguistics. Series C, no. 44}, title = {The {Bisayan} dialects of the {Philippines}: {Subgrouping} and reconstruction}, year = {1977}, url = {https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/146594/1/PL-C44.pdf}, } @phdthesis{zorc1975, title = {The {Bisayan} dialects of the {Philippines}. {Subgrouping} and reconstruction}, school = {Cornell University}, author = {Zorc, David Paul}, year = {1975} } @article{atherton1953, pages = {101-104}, publisher = {Society of the Divine Word}, title = {Binokid Phonemes}, volume = {12}, year = {1953}, author = {Atherton, William}, address = {Nagoya}, journal = {Folklore studies}, } @incollection{atherton1963, title = {Binukid Verb Morphology}, booktitle = {{SIL} {Language} and {Culture} {Archives}}, author = {Atherton, William}, year = {1963}, } @techreport{athertonpairs1978, title = {Some Minimal Grammatical Pairs in Binukid}, howpublished = {\url{https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/83832}}, publisher = {SIL Philippines}, series = {Language and Culture Archives}, number = {83832}, author = {Atherton, William}, year = {1978} } @techreport{athertonpronouns1978, title = {Binukid Personal Pronouns}, howpublished = {\url{https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/83819}}, publisher = {SIL Philippines}, series = {Language and Culture Archives}, number = {83819}, author = {Atherton, William}, year = {1978}, } @article{meiklejohn1953, title = {Binukid}, journal = {Studies in Philippine linguistics, Folklore Studies}, author = {Meiklejohn, Kathleen and Meiklejohn, Percy and Atherton, William and Newell, Len and Elkins, Richard}, year = {1953}, pages = {96--110}, } @incollection{llamzon1978, title = {Binukid}, booktitle = {Handbook of {Philippine} language groups}, publisher = {Ateneo de Manila University Press}, address = {Quezon City}, author = {Llamzon, Theodoro A.}, year = {1978}, } @misc{peng2006, title = {Binukid pronominal clisis}, howpublished = {Paper presented at the Tenth {International} {Conference} on {Austronesian} {Linguistics}, {Palawan} {Philippines}}, author = {Peng, Adam and Billings, Loren}, year = {2006} } @misc{posttagmemes1965, title = {Nuclear Nonpredicate Tagmemes of Verbal Clauses in {Binukid}}, publisher = {SIL Philippines}, series = {Language and Cultural Archive}, howpublished = {\url{https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/83833}}, number = {83833}, author = {Post, Ursula}, year = {1965} } @book{post1965b, title = {The Phonology of {Binukid}}, publisher = {{Summer} {Institute} of {Linguistics}, {Philippine} Language and Cultural Archive}, author = {Post, Ursula}, year = {1965}, } @article{post1965c, title = {Morphophonemic alternations in {Binukid}}, volume = {30}, number = {1}, journal = {Philippine Social Science Review}, author = {Post, Ursula}, year = {1965}, pages = {52--64}, } @techreport{postsentence1968, title = {Binukid Sentence Structure}, howpublished = {\url{https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/70647}}, publisher = {SIL Philippines}, series = {Language and Cultural Archive}, number = {70647}, author = {Post, Ursula}, year = {1968} } @techreport{postphrase1968, title = {Binukid Phrase Structure}, howpublished = {\url{https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/83817}}, publisher = {SIL Philippines}, series = {Language and Cultural Archive}, number = {83817}, author = {Post, Ursula}, year = {1968}, } @article{miner1986, abstract = {N stripping, a presumably syntactic mechanism parallel to the morphological process widely known as N incorporation, indefinitizes a nominal \& brings it into a closely knit construction with the V, but stops short of actual incorporation. Both constructions, N incorporation \& N stripping, are moderately productive in Zuni, suggesting that one cannot predict on typological grounds (eg, degree of synthesis) whether a lang will have stripping or incorporation. The possibility remains open, however, that stripping represents an incipient form of incorporation. In light of recent theorizing about iconicity in grammars, stripped vs incorporated nominals should turn out to differ in referential importance. 38 References. AA}, author = {Miner, Kenneth L.}, journal = {International journal of American linguistics}, number = {3}, pages = {242--254}, publisher = {University of Chicago Press}, title = {Noun Stripping and Loose Incorporation in {Zuni}}, volume = {52}, year = {1986}, } @incollection{post1978, title = {Binukid Language Texts}, booktitle = {Folktale texts}, series = {{Studies} in {Philippine} linguistics}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, address = {Manila}, publisher = {{Linguistic} {Society} of the {Philippines} and {Summer} {Institute} of {Linguistics}}, author = {Post, Ursula}, editor = {Anthworth, Evan L.}, pages = {62--68}, year = {1978} } @article{otanes1992, title = {Binukid phonology, grammar and Dictionary}, volume = {9}, number = {2}, pages = {i-210}, journal = {Studies in Philippine Linguistics}, author = {Otanes, Fe and Wrigglesworth, Hazel J.}, year = {1992}, url = {https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/58/28/98/58289888231398690633532380183063519644/SPL02_BinukidDict_33946.pdf} } @book{reid1971, title = {Philippine Minor languages: {Wordlists} and phonologies. {Survey} reports 1950s-70s}, publisher = {Oceanic Linguistics Special Publication}, publisher = {The University of Hawaii Press}, author = {Reid, Lawrence A.}, year = {1971}, } @article{stark1961, title = {Proto-{Binukid} {Dibabaon}}, journal = {Work papers of the {Summer} {Institute} of {Linguistics}, {University} of {North} {Dakota} session}, volume = {5}, howpublished = {\url{https://commons.und.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1063&context=sil-work-papers}}, author = {Stark, Donald S.}, date = {1961}, pages = {65--76}, doi = {10.31356/silwp.vol05.14}, } @book{stassen2009, author = {Stassen, Leon}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, series = {Oxford linguistics}, title = {Predicative possession}, year = {2009}, } @article{pebleysketch1999, title = {A Sketch of {Kagayanen} Clause Structures}, author = {Pebley, Carol J.}, year = {1999}, journal = {Studies in {Philippine} Languages and Culture}, howpublished = {\url{https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/26028}}, volume = {10}, number ={2}, pages = {1--20} } @book{siewierska2004, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, series = {Cambridge textbooks in linguistics}, title = {Person}, year = {2004}, abstract = {This textbook deals with the grammatical category of person, which covers the first person, the second person, and the third person. Drawing on data from over 500 languages, Anna Siewierska compares the use of person within and across different languages, and examines the factors underlying this variation. She shows how person forms vary in substance, in the nature of the semantic distinctions they convey, in how they are used in sentences and discourse, and in the way they function to convey social distinctions. By looking at different types of person forms in the grammatical and social contexts in which they are used, this book documents an underlying unity between them, arguing against the treatment of person markers based on arbitrary sets of morphological and syntactic properties. Clearly organized and accessibly written, it will be welcomed by students and scholars of linguistics, particularly those interested in grammatical categories and their use.}, author = {Siewierska, Anna.}, address = {Cambridge}, booktitle = {Person}, } @article{givon1994, number = {2}, pages = {265-337}, title = {Irrealis and the Subjunctive}, volume = {18}, year = {1994}, abstract = {This paper suggest that in order to understand the cross-language distribution of the subjunctive mood one needs to understand the cross-grammar distribution of the irrealis modality, as well as have a general theory of modality, within which irrealis takes its rightful natural place. The subjunctive mood turns out to occupy two coherent sub regions within irrealis: (a) the subjunctive of lower certainty (within the epistemic sub-mode of irrealis), and (b) the subjunctive of weaker manipulation (within the deontic sub-mode of irrealis). A grammaticalized subjunctive may take the same form in both sub-modes (as in Romance), or two distinct forms (as in some Bantu languages). The paper also investigates the diachronic pathways of grammaticalization through which various subjunctive patterns arise, showing that analogical extension patterns exist in both directions — from deontic to epistemic and vice versa. The interaction between grammaticalization patterns and functional universals is also discussed.}, author = {Givón, T.}, journal = {Studies in language}, } @article{dyen1947, title = {The {Malayo}-{Polynesian} word for ‘two’}, volume = {23}, journal = {Language}, author = {Dyen, Isidore}, year = {1947}, pages = {50--55} } @incollection{dyen1971, address = {The Hague}, title = {Austronesian languages and proto-{Austronesian}}, booktitle = {Current trends in linguistics volume 8: {Linguistics} in {Oceania}}, editor = {Thomas A. Sebeok}, publisher = {Mouton}, pages = {5--54}, author = {Dyen, Isidore}, year = {1971} } @misc{edrial-luzares1978, title = {Studies in {Philippine} linguistics}, author = {Edrial-Luzares, Casilda and Hale, Austin}, year = {1978}, note = {Issue: 2 Volume: 2}, } @book{elkins1953, title = {Phonemes of {Southern} {Bukidnon} {Manobo}}, publisher = {University of North Dakota. Summer Institute off Linguistics}, author = {Elkins, Richard}, year = {1953} } @article{gippert2008, title = {Essentials in {Language} documentation}, journal = {Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs}, editor = {Gippert, Jost and Himmelmann, Nikolaus P. and Mosel, Ulrike}, year = {2008}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {De Gruyter Mouton} } @article{harmon1974, title = {A reconstruction of proto-{Manobo} pronouns and case marking particles}, journal = {{University} of {Hawaii} working papers in linguistics}, volume = {6}, number = {6}, pages = {13--46}, author = {Harmon, Carol W.}, year = {1974} } @book{lewis2009, title = {Binukid: {A} language of the {Philippines}}, url = {www.sil.org.}, publisher = {SIL International}, editor = {Lewis, Paul M.}, year = {2009} } @incollection{olson2007b, address = {Saarbrucken Germany}, title = {Acoustic properties of the {Kagayanen} vowel space}, url = {http://www.icphs2007.de/conference/Papers/1618/1618.pdf}, booktitle = {16th {International} {Congress} of {Phonetic} {Sciences}}, publisher = {University of Saarland}, author = {Olson, Kenneth S. and Mielke, Jeff}, editor = {Trouvain, Jurgen and Barry, William J.}, year = {2007}, pages = {845--848} } @book{dixon2000, title = {Changing valency: {Case} studies in transitivity}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, author = {Dixon, R. M. W. and Aikhenvald, Alexandra}, year = {2000}, } @incollection{du_bois1985, address = {Amsterdam}, series = {Typological {Studies} in {Language} 6}, title = {Competing motivations}, booktitle = {Iconicity in syntax}, publisher = {John Benjamins Publishing Company}, author = {Du Bois, John W.}, editor = {Haiman, John}, year = {1985}, pages = {343--365}, } @article{deguzman1992, author = {De Guzman,Videa, P.}, year = {1992}, title = {Morphological evidence for primacy of patient as subject in {Tagalog}}, journal = {Pacific {Linguistics}. {Series} {A}. {Occasional} Papers}, editor = {Ross, Malcolm D.}, volume = {82}, pages={87--96}, } @article{bloomfield1917, journal = {University of {Illinois} {Studies} in {Language} and {Literature}}, title = {Tagalog texts with grammatical analysis}, volume = {3}, number = {2--4}, pages = {5--408}, author = {Bloomfield, Leonard}, year = {1917}, } @book{zuniga2019, title = {Grammatical {Voice}}, url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9781316671399/type/book}, urldate = {2022-11-03}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, author = {Zúñiga, Fernando and Kittilä, Seppo}, year = {2019}, doi = {10.1017/9781316671399} } @misc{nolasco2018, address = {Manila}, title = {Making shoes that fit {Philippine} languages}, howpublished = {Presentation at the Second National Convention of the Philippine Association of Speech Pathologists}, address = {Manila}, author = {Nolasco, Ricardo M.}, year = {2018} } @book{halliday2004, address = {London}, edition = {3}, title = {An introduction to {Functional} {Grammar}}, publisher = {Arnold}, author = {Halliday, M. A. K. and Matthiessen, Christian M. I. M.}, year = {2004}, } @article{tucker1971, title = {Focus acquisition by {Filipino} children.}, volume = {4}, number = {2}, journal = {Philippine Journal of Psychology}, author = {Tucker, G. Richard}, year = {1971}, pages = {1--24}, } @article{dowty1991, title = {Thematic proto-roles and argument selection}, volume = {67}, year = {1991}, author = {Dowty, D}, address = {Washington}, journal = {Language}, number = {3}, pages = {547--619}, publisher = {Linguistic Society of America}, } @book{halliday2014, address = {Milton Park}, edition = {4}, title = {Halliday's introduction to {Functional} {Grammar}}, publisher = {Routledge}, author = {Halliday, M. A. K. and Matthiessen, Christian M. I. M.}, year = {2014}, } @book{abuyen2005, title = {English-{Waray};{Waray}-{Tagalog} Dictionary}, Address = {Mandaluyong City}, publisher = {National book store}, author = {Abuyen, Tomas A.}, year = {2005}, } @book{alcina2002, address = {Manila, Philippines}, title = {History of the {Bisayan} people in the {Philippine} {Islands}: {Evangelization} and culture at the contact period/ translated}, publisher = {UST Publishing House}, author = {Alcina, F. Ignacio}, editor = {Kobak, Cantius J. and Gutiérrez, Lucio}, year = {2002}, } @book{alunan2016, address = {Quezon City}, title = {Susumaton: {Oral} Narratives of {Leyte}}, publisher = {Ateneo University Press}, author = {Alunan, Merlie M.}, year = {2016}, } @book{cena2012, title = {Sintaks ng {Filipino}}, publisher = {{National} {Commission} for {Culture} and the {Arts}}, address = {Manila}, author = {Cena, Restituto M.}, year = {2012} } @book{cappeller1891, address = {Strassburg}, title = {A {Sanskrit}-{English} dictionary: {Based} Upon the {St}. {Petersberg} Lexicons}, publisher = {Karl J. Trübner}, address = {Strassburg}, author = {Cappeller, C.}, year = {1891}, } @unpublished{rosanodate, address = {Catarman, N. Samar}, type = {manuscript}, title = {A {Bayod}}, author = {{Rosa} E. and Lydia}, note = {Publisher: University of Eastern Philippines}, } @book{tryon1995, title = {Comparative {Austronesian} Dictionary: {An} Introduction to {Austronesian} Studies}, editor = {Darrell T. Tryon}, publisher = {De Gruyter Mouton}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1515/9783110884012}, year = {1995} } @unpublished{dulay2011, title = {A {Grammatical} {Sketch} of the {Dialect} of {Leyte} {Waray}}, author = {Dulay, D. S. and Pahayahay, M. K. and Paras, J. M.}, year = {2011}, note = {Publisher: University of the Philippines-Diliman, Department of Linguistics}, } @book{elliot1936, address = {London}, title = {Collected Poems 1909–1935}, publisher = {Faber \& Faber Ltd}, author = {Elliot, T. S.}, year = {1936}, } @misc{oyzon2015, title = {{3NS} Corpora Project}, url = {(corporaproject.org}, publisher = {National Network of Normal Schools}, author = {Oyzon, Voltaire Q. and Fullmer, J. M.}, year = {2015}, } @incollection{lobel2008, address = {Oxford}, title = {Leyte-{Samar}”}, booktitle = {Concise Encyclopedia of Languages of the World}, publisher = {Elsevier Science}, author = {Lobel, Jason}, editor = {Brown, Keith and Ogilvie, Sarah}, year = {2008}, pages = {914--917}, } @book{makabenta2004, address = {Adbox}, title = {Binisaya-{English}; {English}-{Binisaya} Dictionary}, publisher = {Quezon City}, author = {Makabenta, Eduardo A.}, year = {2004}, } @book{oyzon2013, publisher = {Commission on Higher Education}, title = {Syahan nga Usa ka Yukot hin mga Pulong nga Agsob Gamiton ha {Waray}: {Pagpurulongan} nga {Waray}-{Inenglis} para han mga Magturutdo ha {MTBMLE}}, address = {Tacloban City}, author = {Oyzon, V. and Fullmer, J. M. and Cruzada, E. C.}, year = {2013} } @book{oyzon2014, publisher = {Commission on Higher Education}, title = {Learner’s Classified Dictionary for Learning {English}-{Waray}-{Kana}-{Inabaknon}-{Tagalog} Vocabularies}, address = {Tacloban City}, author = {Oyzon, V. and Fullmer, J. M. and Cruzada, E. C.}, year = {2014}, } @book{scott1984, address = {Quezon City}, title = {Prehispanic Source Materials for the Study of {Philippine} History}, publisher = {New Day Publications}, author = {Scott, William H.}, year = {1984}, } @book{unruh1993, title = {Speak {Waray}: {Waray} Grammar Handbook - {Waray}-{English}; {English}-{Waray} Vocabulary}, publisher = {Five {Star} {Printing} {Press}}, address = {Tacloban City, Philippines.Zorc}, author = {Unruh, Vernon Dale}, year = {1993} } @book{bahrt2021, author = {Bahrt, Nicklas N.}, title = {{Voice} syncretism}, subtitle = {}, year = {2021}, series = {Research on Comparative Grammar}, number = {1}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Language Science Press}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.5948872} } @book{perlmutter1986, address = {Chicago}, edition = {pbk ed}, title = {Studies in relational grammar. 1}, publisher = {Univ. of Chicago Press}, editor = {Perlmutter, David M.}, year = {1986} } @phdthesis{oyzon2021, title = {A Corpus-Based Study on the Morphosyntactic Functions of {Waray} Substantive Lexical Items}, school = {Leyte Normal University}, author = {Oyzon, Voltaire Q.}, year = {2021} } @book{croft2001, address = {Oxford}, title = {Radical construction grammar: {Syntactic} theory in typological perspective}, shorttitle = {Radical construction grammar}, abstract = {In this work, Professor Croft puts forward a new approach to syntactic representation and a new model of how language and languages work}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, author = {Croft, William}, year = {2001}, } @incollection{aguilar2000, address = {Bulwagang, Rizal}, title = {Fighting the {Panopticon}: {Filipino} Trickster Tales as Active Agency against Oppressive Structures}, url = {http://www.mda.ph/essays/academic_work/1168.pdf}, booktitle = {Department of {Filipino} and {Philippine} Literature Lecture Series}, author = {Aguilar, Mila}, year = {2000}, } @book{alunan2017, address = {Manila}, title = {Tinalunay: {Hinugpong} nga Panurat nga {Winaray}}, publisher = {University of the {Philippines} Press}, author = {Alunan, M.}, year = {2017} } @article{hartnodate, title = {Juan {Pusong}: {The} {Filipino} Trickster Revisited}, volume = {12}, number = {2}, url = {https://www.asj.upd.edu.ph/index.php/archive/117-vol-12-no-2-and-3-august-to-december-1974}, journal = {Asian Studies: Journal of Critical Perspectives on}, author = {Hart, D. V. and Hart.1974, H. E.}, pages = {2--3}, } @misc{mercurio2018, title = {Ismayling. {Text} collected during the 2nd {Alugahi} Festival and Workshop in {Calbayog} {City}}, author = {Mercurio, H. L.}, year = {2018}, } @book{polo1994, address = {Manila}, title = {Panulaan at {Dulaang} {Leytehon}-{Samarnon}}, publisher = {Ateneo de Manila Press}, author = {Polo, Jaime Biron}, year = {1994}, } @book{rosa1914, title = {Diccionario bisaya-español para las provincias de {Sámar} y {Leyte}}, publisher = {Santos y Bernal. Biblioteca National de Espana}, author = {de la {Rosa}, {Antonio} {Sanchez}}, year = {1914}, note = {Edition: 3}, address = {Manila} } @book{tramp1997, publisher = {Dunwoody Press}, title = {Waray-English dictionary}, publisher = {Maryland,USA}, author = {Tramp, George D.}, year = {1997}, } @book{vilches1978, address = {Tacloban City}, title = {An Annotated Collection of {Visayan} Riddles from {Leyte} and {Samar} {Philippines}}, publisher = {Divine Word University Publications}, author = {Vilches, M. L. C.}, year = {1978}, } @book{vilches1982, address = {Tacloban City, PH}, title = {A preliminary survey of {Waray} poetry}, publisher = {Divine Word University Publications}, author = {Vilches, M. L. C.}, editor = {Luangco, G. C.}, year = {1982}, } @misc{cena2012-1, title = {Sintaks ng {Filipino}. {National} {Commission} for {Culture} and the {Arts}}, author = {Cena, R. M.}, year = {2012}, address ={Manila}, } @book{romualdez1908, address = {Tacloban}, title = {Bisayan Grammar \& Notes on {Bisayan} Rhetoric \& Poetic \& {Filipino} Dialectology}, publisher = {Pagpahayag Co}, author = {Romualdez, Norberto L.}, translator = {Marquardt, W. W.}, year = {1908}, } @article{abrera2007, title = {Bangka, Kaluluwa at Katutubong Paniniwala}, author = {Abrera, Maria Bernadette L.}, date = {2005}, journal = {Philippine social sciences review}, volume = {57}, number = {1--4}, pages = {25--53}, note = {Publisher: Department of History. University of the Philippines-Diliman}, note = {\url{https://www.journals.upd.edu.ph/index.php/pssr/article/view/1958/1832}} } @book{ambrocio2010, title = {Balatik: {Etnoastronomiya}: {Kalangitan} sa Kabihasnang {Pilipino}}, publisher = {The University of the Philippines Press}, author = {Ambrocio, Dante L.}, year = {2010}, } @book{barry2002, address = {UK \& New York}, edition = {2nd}, title = {Beginning theory: {An} introduction to literary and cultural theory}, publisher = {Manchester University Press}, author = {Barry, Peter}, year = {2002}, } @book{blust2009, title = {The {Austronesian} languages}, publisher = {Australian National University. Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies}, author = {Blust, Robert}, year = {2009}, } @misc{blust2023, title = {In progress. {Austronesian} Comparative Dictionary}, howpublished = {\url{https://www.trussel2.com/acd/}}, author = {Blust, Robert and Trussel, Stephen}, note = {Edition: web}, year = {2023} } @article{calvente2020, title = {Here is something you can't understand: the suffocating whiteness of communication studies}, volume = {17}, doi = {10.1080/14791420.2020.1770823}, number = {2}, journal = {Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies}, author = {Calvente, Lisa B. Y. and Calafell, Bernadette Marie and Chávez, Karma R.}, year = {2020}, doi = {10.1080/14791420.2020.1770823}, pages = {202--209} } @book{castro1991, title = {The Revolution by {Jose} {Rizal}}, publisher = {ASEAN {Committee} on {Culture} \& {Information}}, author = {Castro, J. V.}, year = {1991} } @article{catford2001, title = {On {Rs}, rhotacism and paleophony}, volume = {31}, doi = {10.1017/S0025100301002018}, number = {2}, journal = {Journal of the International Phonetic Association}, author = {Catford, J. C.}, year = {2001}, pages = {171--185,} } @book{coben2009, address = {Quezon City}, title = {Verbal Arts in {Philippine} Indigenous Communities: {Poetics}, Society, and History}, publisher = {Ateneo de Manila University Press}, author = {Coben, Hermenia M.}, year = {2009}, } @misc{encarnacion1885, title = {Diccionario bisaya-español}, address = {Manila}, publisher = {Tip. de “Amigos del País,”. HathiTrust.Org}, author = {Encarnación, J. F.}, year = {1885}, Edition = {3rd} } @book{rosa2006, title = {Folktales from {Northern} {Samar}}, publisher = {University of Eastern Philippines Press}, address = {Catarman, N. Samar}, author = {de la Rosa, {Lydia}}, year = {2006}, } @book{ezguerra1747, title = {Arte de la lengua bisaya de la provincia de {Leyte}}, howpublished = {\url{http://www.bne.es/es/Catalogos/BibliotecaDigitalHispanica/Inicio/index.html}}, address = {Manila}, publisher = {La Impresa de la {Compañía} de {Iesus}}, author = {Ezguerra, Domingo}, editor = {{Reimpresa}}, year = {1747} } @article{fernandez1985, title = {Alcina's {Historia}: {Concerning} other Superstitious Rites that the Living Performed in Order to Know if they were Fortunate}, volume = {XX}, number = {60}, journal = {Philippiniana Sacra}, author = {Fernandez, Pablo and Kobak, C.}, year = {1985} } @book{figueroa1872, title = {Arte del Idioma Visaya de {Samar} y {Leite}}, url = {http://www.bne.es/es/Catalogos/BibliotecaDigitalHispanica/Inicio/index.html}, publisher = {Imprenta de Bruno Gonzales Moras}, author = {Figueroa, Antonio}, year = {1872}, edition = {2nd}, address = {Binondo} } @book{ghandi1998, address = {Sydney}, title = {Postcolonial theory: a critical introduction}, publisher = {Allen \& Unwin}, author = {Ghandi, Leela}, year = {1998}, } @incollection{guerero1992, address = {Quezon City}, title = {Foreword}, booktitle = {Looking for the Prehispanic Filipino and Other Essays in {Philippine} History}, editor = {Scott, William Henry}, publisher = {New Day Publisher}, author = {Guerero, M. C.}, year = {1992} } @book{haspelmath2002-1, address = {London and New York}, title = {Understanding Morphology}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, author = {Haspelmath, M.}, year = {2002}, } @article{hester1962, title = {Alzina's Historia de Bisayas}, volume = {10}, number = {3}, journal = {Philippine Studies}, editor = {Hester, E. D.}, year = {1962}, pages = {331--365}, } @article{isorena2004, title = {The {Visayan} Raiders of The {China} Coast, 1174-1190 ad}, volume = {32}, number = {2}, journal = {Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society}, author = {Isorena, Efren B.}, year = {2004}, pages = {73--95} } @book{kobak2005, address = {Manila}, title = {History of the {Bisayan} People in the {Philippine} Islands by {Francisco} {Ignacio} {Alzina}}, volume = {III}, publisher = {University of {Santo} {Tomás} Press}, editor = {Kobak, Cantius O. F. M. and Gutierrez, Lucio O. P.}, year = {2005}, } @article{kobak2010, title = {Alcina's historia de las islas {Filipinas} (1668) [{Part} {I}, {Book} {III}, {Chapter} 14}, volume = {xlv}, number = {133}, journal = {Philippiniana Sacra}, author = {Kobak, Cantius O. F. M. and Gutiérrez, Lucio O. P.}, year = {2010} } @misc{lietz1960, title = {Preliminary translation of {The} {Muñoz} text of {Alcina}'s {History} of the {Bisayan} {Islands}}, publisher = {Transliterated by Victor Baltazar. Philippine Studies Program, Dept. of Anthropology, University of Chicago}, author = {Lietz, Paul S.}, year = {1960}, address ={Chicago, IL}, } @article{lietz1962, title = {More on {Alzina}'s Historia de {Bisayas}}, volume = {10}, number = {3}, journal = {Philippine Studies}, author = {Lietz, P.}, year = {1962}, address = {Quezon City}, publisher = {Ateneo de Manila University}, pages = {366--375}, } @article{nimmo1972, title = {You will remember us because we have sung for you}, volume = {20}, number = {2}, journal = {Philippine Studies}, author = {Nimmo, H.}, year = {1972}, pages = {299--322}, } @article{nocheceda2011, title = {The Art of Pusô: {Palm} Leaf Art in the {Visayas}}, booktitle = {{Vocabularios} of the Sixteenth to the Nineteenth Centuries}, volume = {59}, number = {2}, journal = {Philippine Studies}, author = {Nocheceda, E. I.}, year = {2011}, publisher = {Ateneo de Manila University}, pages = {251--272}, } @article{ocampo1998, title = {Rizal’s Morga and Views of {Philippine} History}, volume = {46}, number = {2}, journal = {Philippine Studies}, author = {Ocampo, A.}, year = {1998}, pages = {184--214}, } @incollection{rubino2001, address = {New York}, title = {Ilocano, {Waray}, {Pangasinan} (\,three grammar sketches)\,}, booktitle = {Encyclopedia of the World's Languages, Past and Present}, publisher = {H. W. Wilson Press}, author = {Rubino, Carl}, editor = {Garry, Jane and Rubino, Carl}, year = {2001} } @incollection{lobel2008-1, address = {Oxford}, title = {Leyte-{Samar}}, booktitle = {Concise Encyclopedia of Languages of the World}, publisher = {Elsevier Science}, author = {Lobel, Jason}, editor = {Brown, Keith and Ogilvie, Sarah}, year = {2008}, pages = {914--917}, } @article{tupas2015, title = {The politics of ‘p’ and ‘f’: a linguistic history of nationbuilding in the {Philippines}}, volume = {36}, doi = {10.1080/01434632.2014.979831}, number = {6}, journal = {Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development}, author = {Tupas, Ruanni}, year = {2015}, pages = {587--597}, } @incollection{lakoff1987, title = {Cognitive models and prototype theory}, booktitle = {Concepts and conceptual development: {Ecological} and intellectual factors in categorization}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, author = {Lakoff, George}, editor = {Neisser, Ulric}, year = {1987}, pages = {63--100} } @misc{lucente1952, title = {Mga Retrato han Akon Bungto at Iba pang Akda}, author = {Lucente, Iluminado}, editor = {Nabong-Cabardo, Charo and Mercurio, Phil Harold L.}, year = {1952}, } @book{oyzon2017, publisher = {AJPA Media}, title = {An Amô ngan Uran}, address = {Tacloban City}, author = {Oyzon, Voltaire and Ripalda, L.}, year = {2017} } @book{saussure1911, title = {Course in general linguistics in}, publisher = {McGraw-Hill Books}, author = {Saussure, F.}, editor = {A., Bally C. Sechehaye A. Riedlinger and W, Baskin}, year = {1911} } @incollection{scott1992, address = {Quezon City}, title = {Lost {Visayan} Literature}, booktitle = {Looking for the Prehispanic {Filipino} and Other Essays in {Philippine} History}, publisher = {New Day Publishers}, author = {Scott, William Henry}, year = {1992} } @book{ramos1990, address = {Honolulu}, title = {Modern {Tagalog}: {Grammatical} explanations and exercises for non-native speakers}, shorttitle = {Modern {Tagalog}}, publisher = {University of Hawaii Press}, author = {Ramos, Teresita V. and Cena, Resty M.}, year = {1990}, } @book{pacchiarotti2022, title = {Applicative Morphology: {Neglected} Syntactic and Non-syntactic Functions}, shorttitle = {Applicative Morphology}, urldate = {2023-06-21}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, editor = {Pacchiarotti, Sara and Zúñiga, Fernando}, year = {2022}, doi = {10.1515/9783110777949}, }