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S.}, year = {2015}, title = {{STAMP} morphs in {Central Sudanic} languages}, editor = {Mietzner, Angelika and Anne Storch}, booktitle = {{Nilo-Saharan} -- {M}odels and Descriptions}, series = {{Nilo-Saharan} Linguistic Analyses and Documentation}, number = {28}, pages = {151--167}, address = {Cologne}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, } @incollection{Anderson2016, author = {Anderson, Gregory D. S.}, year = {2016}, title = {{STAMP} morphs in the {Macro-Sudan Belt}}, editor = {Payne, Doris L. and Sara Pacchiarotti and Mokaya Bosire}, booktitle = {Diversity in {African} Languages. Selected papers from the 46th {Annual Conference on African Linguistics}}, series = {Contemporary African Linguistics}, number = {1}, pages = {513--539}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Language Science Press}, doi = {10.17169/langsci.b121.497} } @article{Babaev2008, author = {Babaev, Kirill V.}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, number = {1--2}, pages = {131--183}, title = {Reconstructing {Benue-}{Congo} person marking {I}: {{P}}roto-{Bantoid}}, volume = {35}, year = {2008} } @article{Bastin2006, author = {Bastin, Yvonne}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {25--36}, title = {Un {PV} i̹- à la première personne du singulier en bantou}, volume = {12}, year = {2006} } @book{BlackingsFabb2003, address = {Berlin}, author = {Blackings, Mairi John and Nigel Fabb}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, title = {A Grammar of {Ma’di}. {Part} 1}, series = {Mouton Grammar Library}, number = {32}, year = {2003} } @article{BlasiEtAl2016, author = {Blasi, Damián E. and Søren Wichmann and Harald Hammarström and Peter F. 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Brockmeyer}, series = {Bochum-Essener Beiträge zur Sprachwandelforschung}, sortname = {Guldemann, Tom}, title = {{Verbalmorphologie und Nebenprädikationen im {Bantu}: {{{E}}}ine Studie zur funktional motivierten Genese eines konjugationalen Subsystems}}, year = {1996} } @incollection{Güldemann2003gram, author = {Güldemann, Tom}, sortname = {Guldemann, Tom}, year = {2003}, title = {Grammaticalization}, editor = {Nurse, Derek and Gérard Philippson}, booktitle = {The {Bantu} Languages}, series = {Language Family Series}, number = {4}, pages = {182--194}, address = {London}, publisher = {Routledge}, } @incollection{Güldemann2007, author = {Güldemann, Tom}, sortname = {Guldemann, Tom}, year = {2007}, title = {Preverbal objects and information structure in {Benue-Congo}}, editor = {Aboh, Enoch O. and Katharina Hartmann and Malte Zimmermann}, booktitle = {Focus Strategies in {African} Languages: {The} interaction of focus and grammar in {Niger-Congo and Afro-Asiatic}}, series = {Trends in Linguistics, Studies and Monographs}, number = {191}, pages = {83--111}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, } @incollection{Güldemann2008, author = {Güldemann, Tom}, sortname = {Guldemann, Tom}, year = {2008}, title = {The {Macro-Sudan Belt}: {Towards} identifying a linguistic area in northern {sub-Saharan Africa}}, editor = {Heine, Bernd and Derek Nurse}, booktitle = {A Linguistic Geography of {Africa}}, pages = {151--185}, address = {Cambridge}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, } @incollection{Güldemann2010, author = {Güldemann, Tom}, sortname = {Guldemann, Tom}, year = {2010}, title = {Sprachraum and geography: {Linguistic macro-areas in Africa}}, editor = {Lameli, Alfred and Roland Kehrein and Stefan Rabanus}, booktitle = {Language and Space: {An} international handbook of linguistic variation. {Volume} 2: {Language} Mapping}, series = {Handbücher zur {Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft}}, number = {30.2}, pages = {561--585, Maps 2901--2914}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, } @incollection{Güldemann2011a, author = {Güldemann, Tom}, sortname = {Guldemann, Tom}, year = {2011}, title = {{Proto-Bantu and Proto-Niger-Congo: M}acro-areal typology and linguistic reconstruction}, editor = {Hieda, Osamu and Christa König and Hirosi Nakagawa}, booktitle = {Geographical Typology and Linguistic Areas: {With} special reference to {Africa}}, series = {Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, Studies in Linguistics}, number = {2}, pages = {109--141}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, } @unpublished{Güldemann2011b, title = {Towards early {Bantu} by reconstructing a fragment across {Benue-Congo}: 1st-person singular *{mI}}, author = {Güldemann, Tom}, note = {Paper presented at the Fourth International Conference on Bantu Languages (B4ntu), Humboldt University of Berlin and the Leibniz-Centre General Linguistics (ZAS), Berlin, 7--9 April 2011.}, sortname = {Guldemann, Tom}, year = {2011} } @unpublished{Güldemann2013, note = {Paper presented at the International Symposium ``Paradigm change in historical reconstruction. The Transeurasian languages and beyond'', Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 7--8 March 2013}, author = {Güldemann, Tom}, sortname = {Guldemann, Tom}, title = {Morphological fusion in {Niger} {Congo} and {Bantu}: {{A}}ddressing a historical-comparative problem}, year = {2013} } @incollection{Güldemann2017, author = {Güldemann, Tom}, sortname = {Guldemann, Tom}, year = {2017}, title = {A shared pronominal canon in the {Macro-Sudan Belt}: {Typological}, areal and genealogical perspectives}, editor = {Kramer, Raija and Roland Kießling}, booktitle = {Mechthildian Approaches to {Afrikanistik: Advances} in language based research in {Africa}. {F}estschrift für {Mechthild Reh}}, pages = {101--146}, address = {Cologne}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, } @incollection{Güldemann2018, author = {Güldemann, Tom}, sortname = {Guldemann, Tom}, year = {2018}, title = {Areal linguistics beyond contact, and linguistic areas in {Afrabia}}, editor = {Güldemann, Tom}, booktitle = {The Languages and 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Wissenschaftliche Gesellschaft}, series = {Wissenschaftliche Forschung in Südwestafrika}, title = {{Einführung} in die {Sprache} der {Mbukushu}, {Ost-Kavango}, {Namibia}}, year = {1977} } @phdthesis{Gibson2012, address = {London}, author = {Gibson, Hannah C.}, school = {School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London}, title = {Auxiliary Placement in {Rangi}: {A Dynamic Syntax} perspective}, year = {2012} } @article{Gibson2019, author = {Gibson, Hannah C.}, journal = {Studies in Language}, number = {4}, pages = {757–799}, title = {The grammaticalisation of verb-auxiliary order in {East} {African} {Bantu}: {{F}}rom information structure to tense-aspect}, volume = {43}, year = {2019} } @article{Gilman1986, author = {Gilman, Charles}, title = {African areal characteristics: {Sprachbund}, not substrate?}, journal = {Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages}, number = {1}, pages = {33–50}, volume = {1}, year = {1986} } @article{Goodman1985, author = {Goodman, Morris F.}, journal 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{Güldemann, Tom}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {1}, pages = {49–91}, sortname = {Guldemann, Tom}, title = {Head-initial meets head-final: {{N}}ominal suffixes in eastern and southern {Bantu} from a historical perspective}, volume = {28}, year = {1999} } @article{Güldemann1999b, author = {Güldemann, Tom}, journal = {Journal of African Languages and Linguistics}, number = {2}, pages = {157–184}, sortname = {Guldemann, Tom}, title = {Toward a grammaticalization and typological account of the ka-possessive in {Zulu}}, volume = {20}, year = {1999} } @article{Güldemann2003pre, author = {Güldemann, Tom}, journal = {Studies in Language}, number = {2}, pages = {323--360}, sortname = {Guldemann, Tom}, title = {Present progressive vis-à-vis predication focus in {Bantu}: {{A}} verbal category between semantics and pragmatics}, volume = {27}, year = {2003} } @article{Güldemann2016, author = {Güldemann, Tom}, journal = {Studies in Language}, number = {3}, pages = {551–590}, sortname = {Guldemann, Tom}, title = {Maximal backgrounding = focus without (necessary) focus encoding}, volume = {40}, year = {2016} } @incollection{Güldemann2019, author = {Güldemann, Tom}, sortname = {Guldemann, Tom}, year = {2019}, title = {The linguistics of {Holocene High Africa}}, editor = {Sahle, Yonatan and Hugo Reyes-Centeno and Christian Bentz}, booktitle = {Modern Human Origins and Dispersal. {Words}, Bones, Genes, Tools}, series = {DFG Center for Advanced Studies Series}, number = {2}, pages = {285--313}, address = {Tübingen}, publisher = {Kerns}, } @unpublished{GüldemannInprep, author = {Güldemann, Tom}, sortname = {Guldemann, Tom}, year = {In preparation}, title = {Dissecting predicates for focus: {Towards} a typology of predicate clefting, verb doubling, and co.}, } @unpublished{GüldemannEtAl2014, note = {Paper presented at the International Workshop ``BantuSynPhonIS Preverbal Domains'', ZAS Berlin and Humboldt University of Berlin, 14--15 November 2014}, author = {Güldemann, Tom and Ines Fiedler and Yukiko Morimoto}, sortname = {Guldemann, Tom and Ines Fiedler and Yukiko Morimoto}, title = {The verb in the preverbal domain across {Bantu}: {{I}}nfinitive “fronting” and predicate-centered focus}, year = {2014} } @unpublished{GüldemannEtAl2010, author = {Güldemann, Tom and Ines Fiedler and Yukiko Morimoto and Kirill Prokhorov}, sortname = {Guldemann, Tom and Ines Fiedler and Yukiko Morimoto and Kirill Prokhorov}, note = {Paper presented at the International Conference on ``Information Structure 2010'', University of Potsdam \& Humboldt University of Berlin, 8--10 July 2010}, title = {Preposed verb doubling and predicate-centered focus}, year = {2010} } @unpublished{Gunnink2016, author = {Gunnink, Hilde}, note = {Paper presented at the 6th International Conference on Bantu Languages, University of Helsinki, 20--23 June 2016}, title = {The fronted infinitive construction in {Fwe}}, year = {2016} } @phdthesis{Gunnink2018, address = {Ghent}, author = {Gunnink, Hilde}, school = {Ghent University}, title = {A Grammar of {Fwe}: {{A}} {Bantu} language of {Zambia} and {Namibia}}, year = {2018} } @article{Gunnink2019, author = {Gunnink, Hilde}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {65–87}, title = {The fronted-infinitive construction in {Fwe}}, volume = {25}, year = {2019} } @article{Hadermann1996, author = {Hadermann, Pascale}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {2}, pages = {155–169}, title = {Grammaticalisation de la structure infinitif + verbe conjugué dans quelques langues {Bantoues}}, volume = {25}, year = {1996} } @book{Hetherwick1902, address = {London}, author = {Hetherwick, Alexander}, publisher = {Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge}, title = {A Handbook of the {Yao} Language}, year = {1902} } @book{Horton1949, address = {Johannesburg}, author = {Horton, Alonzo E.}, publisher = {Witwatersrand University Press}, title = {A Grammar of {Luvale}}, year = {1949} } @article{HymanWatters1984, author = 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G.}, school = {University of Cologne}, sortname = {Mohlig, Wilhelm J. G.}, title = {Die {Sprache} der {Dciriku}}, year = {1967} } @incollection{Morimoto2017, author = {Morimoto, Yukiko}, year = {2017}, title = {The {Kikuyu} focus marker nĩ: {F}ormal and functional similarities to the conjoint/disjoint alternation}, editor = {{van der Wal}, Jenneke and Larry M. Hyman}, booktitle = {The Conjoint/Disjoint Alternation in {Bantu}}, series = {Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs}, number = {301}, pages = {147--174}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Walter de Gruyter}, } @incollection{Mufwene1987, author = {Mufwene, Salikoko S.}, year = {1987}, title = {An issue on predicate-clefting: {E}vidence from {Atlantic} creoles and {African} Languages}, editor = {Maurer, Philippe and Thomas Stolz}, booktitle = {{Varia Creolica}}, series = {Bochum-Essener Beiträge zur Sprachwandelforschung}, number = {3}, pages = {71--89}, address = {Bochum}, publisher = {Studienverlag Dr. N. Brockmeyer}, } @incollection{Mufwene2013, author = {Mufwene, Salikoko S.}, year = {2013}, title = {{Kikongo-Kituba} structure dataset}, editor = {Michaelis, Susanne Maria and Philippe Maurer and Martin Haspelmath and Magnus Huber}, booktitle = {Atlas of {Pidgin and Creole} Language Structures Online}, address = {Leipzig}, publisher = {Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology}, } @book{Mugane1997, address = {Stanford, CA}, author = {Mugane, John M.}, publisher = {Center for the Study of Language and Information}, title = {A Paradigmatic Grammar of {Gĩkũyũ}}, series = {{Stanford} Monographs in {African} Languages}, year = {1997} } @unpublished{Ndamsah2012, author = {Ndamsah, Gratiana}, note = {Paper presented at the 7th World Congress of African Linguistics (WOCAL 7), University of Buea, Cameroon, 20--24 August 2012.}, title = {Negation and the structure of {Limbum}}, year = {2012} } @phdthesis{Nkemnji1995, address = {Los Angeles, CA}, author = {Nkemnji, Michael}, school = {University of California at Los Angeles}, title = {Heavy Pied-piping in {Nweh}}, year = {1995} } @article{PacchiarottiEtAl2019, author = {Pacchiarotti, Sara and Natalia Chousou-Polydouri and Koen Bostoen}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {155--229}, title = {Untangling the {West}-{Coastal} {{Bantu}} mess: {{I}}dentification, geography and phylogeny of the {{Bantu}} {B50}-80 languages}, volume = {25}, year = {2019} } @article{RothGibson2019, author = {Roth, Tim and Hannah C. 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Wiltshire}, year = {2003}, title = {An {OT} treatment of palatal fortition in {Argentinian Spanish}}, editor = {Pérez-Leroux, Ana Teresa and Yves Roberge}, booktitle = {Romance Linguistics: {T}heory and Acquisition. {Selected papers from the 32nd Linguistic Symposium on Romance Languages (LSRL), Toronto, April 2002}}, series = {Current Issues in Linguistic Theory}, number = {244}, pages = {33--48}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, } @article{Baucom1975, author = {Baucom, Kenneth L.}, journal = {African Studies}, number = {3}, pages = {165--184}, title = {The phonology of proto-{Wambo}}, volume = {34}, year = {1975} } @book{Bostoen2005, address = {Frankfurt am Main}, author = {Bostoen, Koen}, number = {9}, publisher = {Peter Lang}, series = {Schriften zur {Afrikanistik} / {Research} in {African} Studies}, title = {Des mots et des pots en bantou~: une approche linguistique de l'histoire de la céramique en {Afrique}}, year = {2005} } @incollection{Bostoen2009, author = {Bostoen, Koen}, year = {2009}, title = {Shanjo and {Fwe} as part of {Bantu Botatwe: A} diachronic phonological approach}, editor = {Ojo, Akinloye and Lioba Moshi}, booktitle = {{Selected Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference on African Linguistics}}, pages = {110--130}, address = {Somerville, MA}, publisher = {Cascadilla Proceedings Project}, } @incollection{BostoenBastin2016, author = {Bostoen, Koen and Yvonne Bastin}, doi = {10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935345.013.36}, title = {{Bantu} Lexical Reconstruction}, year = {2016}, booktitle = {Oxford handbooks online}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford} } @article{Botne1991, author = {Botne, Robert}, journal = {Afrika und Übersee: Sprachen, Kulturen}, number = {2}, pages = {247--268}, title = {Variation and word formation in {Proto}-{Bantu}: {{T}}he case of *-{YI}̹{KAD}-}, volume = {74}, year = {1991} } @book{Bourquin1923, address = {Berlin}, author = {Bourquin, Walther}, number = {5}, publisher = {Dietrich Reimer (Ernst Vohsen)}, series = {Beiheft zur Zeitschrift für Eingeborenen-Sprachen}, title = {{{Neue} {Ur}-{{Bantu}}-Wortstämme, nebst einem {Beitrag} zur {Erforschung} der {{Bantu}}-Wurzeln}}, year = {1923} } @article{Bulkens2009, author = {Bulkens, Annelies}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {27–58}, title = {Quelques thèmes pour `pirogue' dans les langues bantoues}, volume = {15}, year = {2009} } @article{BybeeEasterday2019, author = {Bybee, Joan L. and Shelece Easterday}, journal = {Linguistic Typology}, number = {2}, pages = {263–302}, title = {Consonant strengthening: {{A}} crosslinguistic survey and articulatory proposal}, volume = {23}, year = {2019} } @article{Connell2007, author = {Connell, Bruce}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {7–31}, title = {Mambila fricative vowels and {Bantu} spirantization}, volume = {13}, year = {2007} } @article{Coupez1954, author = {Coupez, André}, journal = {Zaïre~: revue congolaise / Zaïre: Congolees tijdschrift}, pages = {157--161}, sortname = {Coupez, Andrez}, title = {Les phonèmes bantous g et j non précédés de nasale}, volume = {8}, year = {1954} } @book{CoupezEtAl1998, address = {Tervuren}, booktitle = {{Bantu} Lexical Reconstructions 2 / {Reconstructions} lexicales bantoues 2}, editor = {Coupez, André and Yvonne Bastin and Evariste Mumba}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, sortname = {Coupez, Andrez and Yvonne Bastin and Evariste Mumba}, title = {{Bantu} Lexical Reconstructions 2 / {Reconstructions} lexicales bantoues 2}, year = {1998} } @phdthesis{Crane2011, address = {Berkeley, CA}, author = {Crane, Thera M.}, school = {University of California}, title = {Beyond Time: {{T}}emporal and Extra-temporal Functions of Tense and Aspect Marking in {Totela}, a {Bantu} Language of {Zambia}}, year = {2011} } @book{CraneEtAl2011, address = {Berkeley, CA}, author = {Crane, Thera M. and Larry M. Hyman and Simon Nsielanga Tukumu}, number = {147}, publisher = {University of California Press}, series = {University of California Publications in Linguistics}, title = {A Grammar of {Nzadi} [{B}.865]: {{A}} {Bantu} language of the {Democratic} {Republic} of {Congo}}, year = {2011} } @incollection{Creissels1999remark, author = {Creissels, Denis}, year = {1999}, title = {Remarks on the sound correspondences between {Proto-Bantu and Tswana (S.31)}, with particular attention to problems involving *j (or *y), *i̹ and sequences *{NC}}, editor = {Hombert, Jean-Marie and Larry M. Hyman}, booktitle = {Bantu Historical Linguistics: {T}heoretical and empirical perspectives}, series = {CSLI Lecture Notes}, number = {99}, pages = {297--334}, address = {Stanford, CA}, publisher = {Center for the Study of Language and Information}, } @mastersthesis{denBesten2016, address = {Leiden}, author = {{den Besten}, Margaret G. 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@article{RoseEtAl2014, author = {Rose, Sharon and Farrell Ackerman and George Gibbard and Peter Jenks and Laura Kertz and Hannah Rohde}, journal = {Journal of African Languages and Linguistics}, number = {1}, pages = {91–125}, title = {In-situ and ex-situ wh-question constructions in {Moro}}, volume = {35}, year = {2014} } @book{Schwarz2006, address = {Berlin}, author = {Schwarz, Anne}, publisher = {Humboldt University of Berlin}, title = {Sentence-medial adverbials in {Buli} ({Gur}, {Northern} {Ghana})}, year = {2006} } @phdthesis{Smits2017, address = {Leiden}, author = {Smits, Helena Johanna}, school = {Leiden University}, title = {A Grammar of {Lumun}, a {Kordofanian} Language of {Sudan}}, year = {2017} } @article{Song2014, author = {Song, Sanghoun}, journal = {Language and Information}, number = {2}, pages = {1–29}, title = {Information structure of relative clauses in {English}: {{A}} flexible and computationally tractable model}, volume = {18}, year = {2014} } @incollection{TabeAtindogbé2017, author = {Tabe, Florence A. E. and Gratien Gualbert Atindogbé}, year = {2017}, title = {Kenyang relative clauses}, editor = {Atindogbé, Gratien Gualbert and Rebecca Grollemund}, booktitle = {Relative Clauses in {Cameroonian} Languages: {S}tructure, Function and Semantics}, series = {Empirical Approaches to Language Typology}, number = {58}, pages = {89--118}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {De Gruyter Mouton}, } @article{Takizala1972, author = {Takizala, Alexis}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {2}, pages = {252–286}, title = {Focus and relativization: {{T}}he case of {Kihung’an}}, volume = {3}, year = {1972} } @incollection{TamanjiAchiri-Taboh2017, author = {Tamanji, Pius N. and Blasius Achiri-Taboh}, year = {2017}, title = {A prolegomenon to the syntax of the relative clause in the {Eastern Grassfields Bantu} borderland}, editor = {Atindogbé, Gratien Gualbert and Rebecca Grollemund}, booktitle = {Relative Clauses in {Cameroonian} Languages: {S}tructure, Function and Semantics}, series = {Empirical Approaches to Language Typology}, number = {58}, pages = {145--168}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {De Gruyter Mouton}, } @incollection{Thwing2017, author = {Thwing, Rhonda}, year = {2017}, title = {Relative clauses in {Vute} grammar and discourse}, editor = {Atindogbé, Gratien Gualbert and Rebecca Grollemund}, booktitle = {Relative Clauses in {Cameroonian} Languages: {S}tructure, Function and Semantics}, series = {Empirical Approaches to Language Typology}, number = {58}, pages = {209--232}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {De Gruyter Mouton}, } @incollection{VandeVelde2017, author = {Van de Velde, Mark}, year = {2017}, title = {The augment as a construct form marker in {Eton} relative clause constructions}, editor = {Atindogbé, Gratien Gualbert and Rebecca Grollemund}, booktitle = {Relative Clauses in {Cameroonian} Languages: {S}tructure, Function and Semantics}, series = {Empirical Approaches to Language Typology}, number = {58}, pages = {47--66}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {De Gruyter Mouton}, } @incollection{Vennemann1973, author = {Vennemann, Theo}, year = {1973}, title = {Topics, subjects, and word order: {From} {SXV to SVX via TVX}}, editor = {Anderson, John M. and Charles Jones}, booktitle = {Historical Linguistics: {Proceedings of the first International Conference on Historical Linguistics, Edinburgh, 2nd--7th September 1973}}, volume = {2}, series = {North-Holland Linguistic Series}, number = {12b}, pages = {339--376}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {North-Holland Publishing}, } @incollection{Wasow2015, author = {Wasow, Thomas}, year = {2015}, title = {Ambiguity avoidance is overrated}, editor = {Winkler, Susanne}, booktitle = {Ambiguity: {L}anguage and Communication}, pages = {29--48}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, } @book{Wilkendorf2001, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Wilkendorf, Patricia}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, title = {Sketch Grammar of {Nɔmaándɛ́}: {{S}}ections 1--4}, year = {2001} } @article{Yoneda2011, author = {Yoneda, Nobuko}, journal = {Lingua}, number = {5}, pages = {754–771}, title = {Word order in {Matengo} ({N13}): {{T}}opicality and informational roles}, volume = {121}, year = {2011} } @article{Zeller2004, author = {Zeller, Jochen}, journal = {Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies}, number = {1-2}, pages = {75–93}, title = {Relative clause formation in the {Bantu} languages of {South Africa}}, volume = {22}, year = {2004} } @article{Arnott1958, author = {Arnott, D. W.}, journal = {Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies}, number = {1}, pages = {111–133}, title = {The classification of verbs in {Tiv}}, volume = {21}, year = {1958} } @book{AyotteAyotte2003, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Ayotte, Michael and Charlene Ayotte}, number = {4}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, series = {SIL Electronic Survey Reports}, title = {Sociolinguistic Language Survey of {Ngwe}: {{F}}ontem, {Alou}, and {Wabane} Subdivisions, {Lebalem} Division, {South} {West} Province}, year = {2003} } @book{Ayuninjam1998, address = {Lanham, MD}, author = {Ayuninjam, Funwi F.}, publisher = {University Press of America}, title = {A Reference Grammar of {Mbili}}, year = {1998} } @article{Bámgbóṣé1967, author = {Bámgbóṣé, Ayọ̀}, journal = {Afrika und {Übersee}: {Sprachen, Kulturen}}, number = {3}, pages = {173--193}, sortname = {Bamgbose, Ayoz}, title = {Verbal classes in {Mbe}}, volume = {50}, year = {1967} } @incollection{BastinPiron1999, author = {Bastin, Yvonne and Pascale Piron}, year = {1999}, title = {Classifications lexicostatistiques~: bantou, bantou et bantoïde (de l'intérêt des «~groupes flottants~»)}, editor = {Hombert, Jean-Marie and Larry M. Hyman}, booktitle = {Bantu Historical Linguistics: {T}heoretical and empirical perspectives}, series = {CSLI Lecture Notes}, number = {99}, pages = {149--163}, address = {Stanford, CA}, publisher = {Center for the Study of Language and Information}, } @book{Bleek1862-69, address = {London}, author = {Bleek, Wilhelm H. I.}, publisher = {Trübner \& Co.}, year = {1862--69}, title = {A Comparative Grammar of {South African} Languages}, } @article{Blench1993, author = {Blench, Roger M.}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, number = {1}, pages = {105--118}, title = {An outline classification of the {Mambiloid} languages}, volume = {23}, year = {1993} } @misc{Blench2001, title = {The {Bendi} languages: {More} lost {Bantu} languages?}, author = {Blench, Roger M.}, note = {Paper presented at the {Benue-Congo Workshop, 32nd Annual Conference on African Linguistics}, {Berkeley}, 26--27 {March} 2001}, year = {2001} } @techreport{Blench2013, address = {Jos}, author = {Blench, Roger M.}, institution = {Kay Williamson Educational Foundation}, title = {Ekoid: {{B}}antoid languages of the {Nigeria}-{Cameroun} borderland}, type = {Unpublished ms.}, year = {2013} } @incollection{Blench2015, author = {Blench, Roger M.}, booktitle = {Oxford Handbooks Online}, title = {The {Bantoid} languages}, doi = {10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935345.013.17}, year = {2015} } @techreport{BlenchMartin2010, address = {Jos}, author = {Blench, Roger M. and Marieke Martin}, institution = {Kay Williamson Educational Foundation}, title = {Ngiemboon Verbal Extensions: {{A}} new analysis}, type = {Unpublished ms.}, year = {2010} } @article{BostoenEtAl2015, author = {Bostoen, Koen and Sebastian Dom and Guillaume Segerer}, journal = {Linguistics, An Interdisciplinary Journal of the Language Sciences}, number = {4}, pages = {731--772}, title = {The antipassive in {Bantu}}, volume = {53}, year = {2015} } @incollection{BostoenVandeVelde2019, author = {Bostoen, Koen and Van de Velde, Mark}, year = {2019}, title = {Introduction}, editor = {Van de Velde, Mark and Koen Bostoen and Derek Nurse and Gérard Philippson}, booktitle = {The {Bantu} Languages}, edition = {2}, series = {Routledge Language Family Series}, pages = {1--13}, address = {Milton Park, Abingdon}, publisher = {Routledge}, } @book{Boutwell2014, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Boutwell, Richard Lee}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, title = {A Sketch Grammar of the {Mungong} Language}, year = {2014} } @phdthesis{Boutwell2020, address = {Leiden}, author = {Boutwell, Richard Lee}, school = {Leiden University}, title = {A Grammar of {Nchane}: {{A}} {Bantoid} ({Beboid}) Language of {Cameroon}}, year = {2020} } @book{Boyd1994, address = {Cologne}, author = {Boyd, Raymond}, number = {6}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, series = {Westafrikanische Studien}, title = {Historical Perspectives on {Chamba} {Daka}}, year = {1994} } @article{Boyd1997, author = {Boyd, Raymond}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, number = {2}, pages = {29--43}, title = {{Chamba Daka} and {Bantoid}: {{A}} further look at {Chamba Daka} classification}, volume = {26}, year = {1997} } @book{BoydSa’ad2010, address = {Lagos}, author = {Boyd, Raymond and Isa Sa’ad}, publisher = {Malthouse Press}, sortname = {Boyd, Raymond and Isa Sa'ad}, title = {A {Chamba} -- {English} Dictionary}, year = {2010} } @article{Breton1993, author = {Breton, Roland}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, number = {2}, pages = {97--118}, title = {Is there a {Furu} language group? {{A}}n investigation on the {Cameroon}-{Nigeria} border}, volume = {23}, year = {1993} } @book{deWolf1971, address = {The Hague}, author = {{de Wolf}, Paul P.}, publisher = {Mouton}, title = {The Noun Class System of {Proto}-{Benue-}{Congo}}, series = {Janua Linguarum. Series Practica}, number = {167}, year = {1971} } @article{DiCarloEtAl2020, author = {{Di Carlo}, Pierpaolo and Angiachi Demetris Esene Agwara and Rachel Ojong Diba}, journal = {Sociolinguistic Studies}, number = {3}, pages = {321--345}, title = {Multilingualism and the heteroglossia of ideologies in Lower {Fungom} ({Cameroon}): {{{U}}}se and attitudes}, volume = {14}, year = {2020} } @incollection{DiCarloEtAl2018, author = {{Di Carlo}, Pierpaolo and Jeff Good and Ling Bian and Yujia Pan and Penghang Liu}, year = {2018}, title = {Socio-spatial networks, multilingualism, and language use in a rural {African} context}, editor = {Fogliaroni, Paolo and Andrea Ballatore and Eliseo Clementini}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {Workshops and Posters at the 13th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2017)}}, series = {Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography}, pages = {35--39}, address = {Cham}, publisher = {Springer}, } @incollection{DiCarloEtAl2019, author = {{Di Carlo}, Pierpaolo and Jeff Good and Rachel Ojong Diba}, booktitle = {Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics}, doi = {10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.013.227}, title = {Multilingualism in rural {Africa}}, year = {2019} } @article{DieuEtAl1976, author = {Dieu, Michel and Patrick Renaud and Michka Sachnine}, journal = {Bulletin de l'ALCAM}, pages = {1--32}, title = {L'atlas linguistique du {Cameroun}}, volume = {1}, year = {1976} } @mastersthesis{Friesen2002, address = {Grand Forks, ND}, author = {Friesen, Lisa}, school = {University of North Dakota}, title = {Valence Change and {Oroko} Verb Morphology ({Mbonge} dialect)}, year = {2002} } @article{Gerhardt1978, author = {Gerhardt, Ludwig}, journal = {Afrika und Übersee: Sprachen, Kulturen}, number = {3--4}, pages = {229--241}, title = {Die {Beziehungen} des {Mbe} ({Cross River State}, {Nigeria}) zum {Bantu}}, volume = {61}, year = {1978} } @article{Gerhardt1988, author = {Gerhardt, Ludwig}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, number = {2}, pages = {3--8}, title = {A note on verbal extensions in {Jarawan} {Bantu}}, volume = {18}, year = {1988} } @article{GoodEtAl2011, author = {Good, Jeff and Jesse Lovegren and Jean Patrick Mve and Carine Nganguep Tchiemouo and Rebecca M. Voll and Pierpaolo {Di Carlo}}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {101--164}, title = {The languages of the {Lower} {Fungom} region of {Cameroon}: {{G}}rammatical overview}, volume = {17}, year = {2011} } @book{GrebeSiiyaatan2015, address = {Yaoundé; Cologne}, author = {Grebe, Karl H. and Patrick Siiyaatan}, number = {8}, publisher = {Cameroon Association for Bible Translation and Literacy; Rüdiger Köppe}, series = {Kay Williamson Educational Foundation -- African Languages Monographs}, title = {Lamnso' -- {English} dictionary / {Ŋwà}' nsàv}, year = {2015} } @book{Greenberg1963, address = {Bloomington, IN; The Hague}, author = {Greenberg, Joseph H.}, number = {25}, publisher = {Indiana University; Mouton}, series = {Indiana University Research Center in Anthropology, Folklore and Linguistics}, title = {The Languages of {Africa}}, year = {1963} } @incollection{Greenberg1974, author = {Greenberg, Joseph H.}, year = {1974}, title = {Bantu and its closest relatives}, editor = {Leben, William R.}, booktitle = {Papers from the {Fifth Conference on African Linguistics}}, series = {Studies in African Linguistics, Supplement 5}, pages = {115--119 \& 122--124}, address = {Los Angeles, CA}, publisher = {University of California at Los Angeles}, } @article{GrollemundEtAl2015, author = {Grollemund, Rebecca and Simon Branford and Koen Bostoen and Andrew Meade and Chris Venditti and Mark Pagel}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America}, number = {43}, pages = {13296--13301}, title = {{Bantu} expansion shows that habitat alters the route and pace of human dispersals}, volume = {112}, year = {2015} } @incollection{GrollemundEtAl2018, author = {Grollemund, Rebecca and Jean-Marie Hombert and Simon Branford}, year = {2018}, title = {A phylogenetic study of {North-Western Bantu and South Bantoid} languages}, editor = {Mesthrie, Rajend and David Bradley}, booktitle = {The Dynamics of Language: {Plenary} and focus lectures from the 20th {International Congress of Linguists}}, pages = {120--133}, address = {Cape Town}, publisher = {UCT Press}, } @book{Guarisma1978, address = {Paris}, author = {Guarisma, Gladys}, number = {66--67}, publisher = {SELAF}, series = {Société d'études linguistiques et anthropologiques de France}, title = {Etudes vouté (langue bantoïde du {Cameroun})~: phonologie et alphabet pratique, synthématique, lexique vouté -- français}, year = {1978} } @mastersthesis{GuecheFotso2004, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Gueche Fotso, Hugues Carlos}, school = {University of Yaoundé I}, title = {Noun Morphology of {Befang}}, year = {2004} } @book{Hagège1969, address = {Paris}, author = {Hagège, Claude}, number = {11}, publisher = {SELAF}, series = {Société d'études linguistiques et anthropologiques de France}, sortname = {Hagege, Claude}, title = {Esquisse linguistique du tikar ({Cameroun})}, year = {1969} } @book{HammEtAl2002, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Hamm, Cameron and Ferdinand Assako a Tiati and Jason Diller and Kari Jordan-Diller}, number = {14}, publisher = {SIL International}, series = {SIL Electronic Survey Reports}, title = {A Rapid Appraisal Survey of {Western} {Beboid} Languages ({Menchum} Division, {Northwest} Province)}, year = {2002} } @misc{HammarströmEtAl2021, address = {Leipzig}, booktitle = {Glottolog 4.5}, editor = {Hammarström, Harald and Robert Forkel and Martin Haspelmath and Sebastian Bank}, url = {https://glottolog.org/}, organization = {Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology}, sortname = {Hammarstrom, Harald and Robert Forkel and Martin Haspelmath and Sebastian Bank}, title = {Glottolog 4.5}, year = {2021} } @incollection{Harro1989, author = {Harro, Gretchen}, year = {1989}, title = {Les extensions verbales en yemba (bamiléké-dschang)}, editor = {Barreteau, Daniel and Robert Hedinger}, booktitle = {Descriptions de langues camerounaises}, series = {{DELAN}~: {Description} systématique des langues nationales}, pages = {239--269}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {SIL \& ACCT \& ORSTOM}, } @incollection{Hedinger1989, author = {Hedinger, Robert}, year = {1989}, title = {Northern {Bantoid}}, editor = {Bendor-Samuel, John T. and Rhonda L. Hartell}, booktitle = {The {Niger-Congo} Languages: {A} classification and description of {Africa’s} largest language family}, pages = {421--429}, address = {Lanham, MD}, publisher = {University Press of America}, } @article{Hedinger1992, author = {Hedinger, Robert}, journal = {Afrika und Übersee: Sprachen, Kulturen}, number = {2}, pages = {227--251}, title = {Verbal extensions in {Akɔɔse}: {{T}}heir form, meaning and valency changes}, volume = {75}, year = {1992} } @book{Hedinger2008, address = {Dallas, TX}, author = {Hedinger, Robert}, number = {143}, publisher = {SIL International}, series = {SIL International Publications in Linguistics}, title = {A Grammar of {Akɔɔse}: {{A}} {Northwest} {Bantu} language}, year = {2008} } @incollection{Hellwig2013, author = {Hellwig, Birgit}, year = {2013}, title = {Verbal morphology in {Katla}}, editor = {Schadeberg, Thilo C. and Roger M. Blench}, booktitle = {{Nuba Mountain} Language Studies}, pages = {237--250}, address = {Cologne}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, } @incollection{Hyman2014, author = {Hyman, Larry M.}, year = {2014}, title = {Reconstructing the {Niger-Congo} verb extension paradigm: {W}hat’s cognate, copied or renewed?}, editor = {Robbeets, Martine and Walter Bisang}, booktitle = {Paradigm Change: {I}n the {Transeurasian} Languages and Beyond}, series = {Studies in Language Companion Series}, number = {161}, pages = {103--126}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, } @incollection{Hyman2017b, author = {Hyman, Larry M.}, year = {2017}, title = {On reconstructing tone in {Proto-Niger-Congo}}, editor = {Vydrin, Valentin F. and Anastasia V. Lyakhovich}, booktitle = {В жёлтой жаркой Африке... К 50-летию Александра Желтова / In the Hot Yellow {Africa}… In honor of {Alexander Zheltov} on the occasion of his 50th birthday}, pages = {175--191}, address = {Saint Petersburg}, publisher = {Nestor-Istoria}, } @incollection{Hyman2018, author = {Hyman, Larry M.}, year = {2018}, title = {Common {Bantoid} verb extensions}, editor = {Watters, John R.}, booktitle = {East {Benue-Congo: N}ouns, pronouns, and verbs}, series = {Niger-Congo Comparative Studies}, number = {1}, pages = {173--198}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Language Science Press}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.1314327}, } @article{Hyman2020, author = {Hyman, Larry M.}, journal = {Faits de langues}, number = {1}, pages = {29--36}, title = {A note on {Nuba Mountain} verb extensions}, volume = {51}, year = {2020} } @techreport{Jackson1988, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Jackson, Ellen W.}, institution = {SIL Cameroon}, title = {Lexique français -- tikar}, type = {Unpublished ms.}, year = {1988} } @incollection{JacquotRichardson1956, author = {Jacquot, André and Irvine Richardson}, year = {1956}, title = {Report of the western team: {Atlantic} coast to {Oubangui}}, editor = {Guthrie, Malcolm and Archibald N. Tucker}, booktitle = {Linguistic Survey of the {Northern Bantu} Borderland}, volume = {1}, pages = {9--62}, address = {London}, publisher = {Oxford University Press (for the International African Institute)}, } @book{Johnston1919-1922, address = {Oxford}, author = {Johnston, Harry H.}, publisher = {Clarendon Press}, year = {1919--22}, title = {A Comparative Study of the {Bantu and Semi-Bantu} Languages, {Volumes I \& II}}, } @book{JungraithmayrMöhlig1983, address = {Berlin}, author = {Jungraithmayr, Herrmann and Wilhelm J. G. Möhlig}, publisher = {Dietrich Reimer}, sortname = {Jungraithmayr, Herrmann and Wilhelm J. G. Mohlig}, title = {{Lexikon} der {Afrikanistik}: {{A}}frikanische {Sprachen} und ihre {Erforschung}}, year = {1983} } @inproceedings{Kießling2004a, author = {Kießling, Roland}, year = {2004}, sortname = {Kiessling, Roland}, title = {``{T}he giraffes burst throw emerge climb pass through the roof of the hut'': {Verbal} serialisation in the {West Ring} languages ({Isu, Weh, Aghem})}, editor = {Akinlabi, Akinbiyi and Oluseye Adesola}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th {World Congress of African Linguistics, New Brunswick} 2003}, pages = {225--235}, address = {Cologne}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, } @unpublished{Kießling2007, author = {Kießling, Roland}, sortname = {Kiessling, Roland}, note = {Unpublished ms.}, title = {Furu Lexical Data}, year = {2007} } @book{KießlingWung2011, address = {Cologne}, author = {Kießling, Roland and Bong M. Wung}, number = {39}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, series = {Grammatische Analysen afrikanischer Sprachen}, sortname = {Kiessling, Roland and Bong M. Wung}, title = {Verbal Serialisation in {Isu} ({West-Ring}): {{A}} {Grassfields} language of {Cameroon}}, year = {2011} } @mastersthesis{Kjelsvik2002, address = {Oslo}, author = {Kjelsvik, Bjørghild}, school = {University of Oslo}, sortname = {Kjelsvik, Bjorghild}, title = {Verb Chains in {Nizaa}}, year = {2002} } @book{Koelle1854, address = {London}, author = {Koelle, Sigismund W.}, publisher = {Church Missionary House}, title = {Polyglotta {Africana}, or a Comparative Vocabulary of Nearly Three Hundred Words and Phrases in More than One Hundred Distinct {African} Languages}, year = {1854} } @unpublished{KoopsND, author = {Koops, Robert}, year = {s.d.}, title = {Buru Wordlist}, note = {Unpublished ms.}, } @article{Krause1895, author = {Krause, Gottlieb A.}, journal = {Zeitschrift für afrikanische, ozeanische und ostasiatische Sprachen: mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der deutschen Kolonien}, pages = {250--267}, title = {Die {Stellung} des {Temne} innerhalb der {Bantusprachen}}, volume = {1}, year = {1895} } @book{Leroy2007, address = {Paris}, author = {Leroy, Jacqueline}, publisher = {Peeters}, title = {{Le} mankon: {Langue} bantoue des {Grassfields} ({Province Nord-Ouest du Cameroun})}, year = {2007}, series = {Société d'études linguistiques et anthropologiques de France}, number = {437}, } @book{LonfoAnderson2014, address = {Cologne}, author = {Lonfo, Etienne and Stephen C. Anderson}, number = {7}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, series = {Kay Williamson Educational Foundation -- African Languages Monographs}, title = {Dictionnaire ngiemboon -- français -- anglais / {Ngiemboon} -- {French} -- {English} dictionary / Tyè'tendù {Ngiemboon} -- {Felansé} -- {Ngilísè}}, year = {2014} } @article{MaddiesonWilliamson1975, author = {Maddieson, Ian and Kay Williamson}, journal = {African Languages / Langues Africaines}, pages = {124--163}, title = {Jarawan {Bantu}}, volume = {1}, year = {1975} } @incollection{MbaDjiafeua2003, author = {Mba, Gabriel and Prosper Djiafeua}, year = {2003}, title = {Les extensions verbales en ngiembɔɔn}, editor = {Idiata, Daniel F. and Gabriel Mba}, booktitle = {Studies on Voice Through Verbal Extensions in Nine {Bantu} Languages Spoken in {Cameroon, Gabon, DRC and Rwanda}}, series = {LINCOM Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {57}, pages = {113--166}, address = {Munich}, publisher = {LINCOM Europa}, } @book{MbanjiEtAl2007, address = {Anu ŋkū̶ŋfák: aŋwaˀne wɔ tswí-áziˀne / L'histoire de {Kande}~: livre de l'apprenant / {Kande}'s story}, author = {Mbanji, Bawe E. and Albert A. Tsomejio and Ann Wester and Mary Annett}, publisher = {Comité Oeucumenique de Suivi et de la Traduction de la Bible en Yémba}, year = {2007} } @phdthesis{McGill2009, address = {London}, author = {McGill, Stuart}, school = {School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London}, title = {Gender and Person Agreement in {Cicipu} Discourse}, year = {2009} } @book{McLean2014, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {McLean, Greg L.}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, title = {A Sketch Grammar of the {Central} {Mfumte} Language}, year = {2014} } @book{Meinhof1899, address = {Leipzig}, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, publisher = {F.A. Brockhaus}, title = {Grundriß einer {Lautlehre} der {Bantusprachen}, nebst {Anleitung} zur {Aufnahme} von {Bantusprachen}. {Anhang: Verzeichnis von Bantuwortstämmen}}, series = {Abhandlungen für die Kunde des Morgenlandes}, number = {11(2)}, year = {1899} } @book{Meinhof1910, address = {Berlin}, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, publisher = {Dietrich Reimer (Ernst Vohsen)}, title = {{Grundriß einer {Lautlehre} der Bantusprachen, nebst Anleitung zur Aufnahme von Bantusprachen. Anhang: Verzeichnis von Bantuwortstämmen}}, edition = {2nd revised edition}, year = {1910} } @techreport{Mort2012, address = {Orlando, FL}, author = {Mort, Katherine}, institution = {Wycliffe Bible Translators}, title = {Kamuku Grammar Outline}, year = {2012}, type = {Unpublished ms.}, } @mastersthesis{Nganganu2001, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Nganganu, Kenfac Lucy}, school = {University of Yaoundé I}, title = {The Phonology of {Ambele}}, year = {2001} } @mastersthesis{Ngoran1999, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Ngoran, Loveline Lenaka}, school = {University of Yaoundé I}, title = {A Sketch Outline of the Phonology of {Ndemli}}, year = {1999} } @phdthesis{Paterson2019, address = {Eugene, OR}, author = {Paterson, Rebecca Dow Smith}, school = {University of Oregon}, title = {Nominalization and Predication in {Ut}-ma'in}, year = {2019} } @book{Piron1997, address = {Munich}, author = {Piron, Pascale}, number = {11--12}, publisher = {LINCOM Europa}, series = {LINCOM Studies in African Linguistics}, title = {Classification interne du groupe bantoïde}, year = {1997} } @incollection{Piron1998, author = {Piron, Pascale}, year = {1998}, title = {The internal classification of the {Bantoid} language group, with special focus on the relations between {Bantu, Southern Bantoid and Northern Bantoid} languages}, editor = {Maddieson, Ian and Thomas J. Hinnebusch}, booktitle = {Language History and Linguistic Description in {Africa}. {Selected papers of the Twenty-Sixth Annual Conference on African Linguistics, held March 23--25, 1995, in Santa Monica, California}}, series = {Trends in African Linguistics}, number = {2}, pages = {65--74}, address = {Trenton, NJ; Asmara}, publisher = {Africa World Press}, } @unpublished{PohligND, author = {Pohlig, James N.}, year = {s.d.}, title = {Mbe Dictionary}, note = {Unpublished ms.}, } @unpublished{RueckEtAl2007, author = {Rueck, Michael J. and Zachariah Yoder and Katarína Hannelova}, address = {Jos}, title = {Sociolinguistic Survey of the {Mbula}, {Tambo}, {Bakopi}, {Gwamba}, {Bwazza}, {Kulung} and {Bille} people, of {Adamawa and Taraba States}, {Nigeria}}, note = {Unpublished ms.}, year = {2007} } @incollection{Schadeberg2003derivation, author = {Schadeberg, Thilo C.}, year = {2003}, title = {Derivation}, editor = {Nurse, Derek and Gérard Philippson}, booktitle = {The {Bantu} Languages}, series = {Language Family Series}, number = {4}, pages = {71--89}, address = {London}, publisher = {Routledge}, } @book{Spreda1995, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Spreda, Klaus W.}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, title = {Drafts and Notes Towards a Sketch Grammar of {Meta’}}, year = {1995} } @phdthesis{Stanford1967, address = {London}, author = {Stanford, Ronald}, school = {School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London}, title = {The {Bekwarra} Language of {Nigeria}: {{A}} Grammatical Description}, year = {1967} } @phdthesis{Stanley1991, address = {Paris}, author = {Stanley, Carol}, school = {Université Sorbonne Nouvelle -- Paris 3}, title = {Description phonologique et morpho-syntaxique de la langue tikar (parlée au {Cameroun})}, year = {1991} } @mastersthesis{Thwing1987, address = {Arlington, TX}, author = {Thwing, Rhonda}, school = {University of Texas at Arlington}, title = {The {Vute} Noun Phrase and the Relationship between {Vute} and {Bantu}}, year = {1987} } @book{Thwing2006, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Thwing, Rhonda}, publisher = {SIL International}, title = {Verb Extensions in {Vute}}, year = {2006} } @phdthesis{Trithart1983, address = {Los Angeles, CA}, author = {Trithart, Mary Lee}, school = {University of California at Los Angeles}, title = {The Applied Suffix and Transitivity: {{A}} historical study in {Bantu}}, year = {1983} } @unpublished{VandeVeldeIdiatov2022, author = {Van de Velde, Mark and Dmitry Idiatov}, note = {Paper presented at the First Bantoid Conference, Hamburg, 24--26 March 2022}, title = {A first analysis of {Mbula}}, year = {2022} } @phdthesis{Voeltz1977, address = {Los Angeles, CA}, author = {Voeltz, Erhard F. K.}, school = {University of California at Los Angeles}, title = {Proto {Niger}-{Congo} Verb Extensions}, year = {1977} } @phdthesis{Voll2017, address = {Leiden}, author = {Voll, Rebecca Maria}, school = {Leiden University}, title = {A Grammar of {Mundabli}: {A Bantoid (Yemne-Kimbi) language of Cameroon}}, year = {2017} } @article{Warnier1979, author = {Warnier, Jean-Pierre}, journal = {Language in Society}, number = {3}, pages = {409--423}, title = {Noun-classes, lexical stocks, multilingualism, and the history of the {Cameroon} {Grassfields}}, volume = {8}, year = {1979} } @incollection{WattersLeroy1989a, author = {Watters, John R. and Jacqueline Leroy}, year = {1989}, title = {Bantoid overview}, editor = {Bendor-Samuel, John T. and Rhonda L. Hartell}, booktitle = {The {Niger-Congo} Languages: {A} classification and description of {Africa}'s largest language family}, pages = {401--429}, address = {Lanham, MD}, publisher = {University Press of America}, } @incollection{WattersLeroy1989b, author = {Watters, John R. and Jacqueline Leroy}, year = {1989}, title = {Southern {Bantoid}}, editor = {Bendor-Samuel, John T. and Rhonda L. Hartell}, booktitle = {The {Niger-Congo} Languages: {A} classification and description of {Africa}'s largest language family}, pages = {430--449}, address = {Lanham, MD}, publisher = {University Press of America}, } @book{Westermann1927, address = {Berlin}, author = {Westermann, Diedrich}, number = {29}, publisher = {de Gruyter}, series = {Mitteilungen des Seminars für Orientalische Sprachen an der Friedrich Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin}, title = {Die westlichen {Sudansprachen} und ihre {Beziehungen} zum {Bantu}}, year = {1927} } @incollection{Williamson1971, author = {Williamson, Kay}, year = {1971}, title = {The {Benue-Congo} languages \& {Ịjọ}}, editor = {Sebeok, Thomas A.}, booktitle = {{L}inguistics in {Sub-Saharan Africa}}, series = {Current Trends in Linguistics}, number = {7}, pages = {245--306}, address = {The Hague}, publisher = {Mouton}, } @incollection{Williamson1989, author = {Williamson, Kay}, year = {1989}, title = {{Benue-Congo} Overview}, editor = {Bendor-Samuel, John T. and Rhonda L. Hartell}, booktitle = {The {Niger-Congo} Languages: {A} classification and description of {Africa}'s largest language family}, pages = {246--274}, address = {Lanham, MD}, publisher = {University Press of America}, } @article{BostoenMundeke2011causative, author = {Bostoen, Koen and Léon Mundeke}, title = {The causative/applicative syncretism in {Mbuun} ({Bantu B87, DRC}): {Semantic} split or phonemic merger?}, journal = {Journal of African Languages and Linguistics}, number = {2}, pages = {179--218}, sortname = {Bostoen, Koen and Leon Mundeke}, volume = {32}, year = {2011} } @book{Bowden2001, address = {Canberra, ACT}, author = {Bowden, John}, number = {521}, publisher = {Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University}, series = {Pacific Linguistics}, title = {Taba: {{D}}escription of a {South} {Halmahera} Language}, year = {2001} } @article{BresnanMoshi1990, author = {Bresnan, Joan and Lioba Moshi}, journal = {Linguistic Inquiry}, number = {2}, pages = {147--185}, title = {Object asymmetries in comparative {Bantu} syntax}, volume = {21}, year = {1990} } @book{Campbell2004, address = {Edinburgh}, author = {Campbell, Lyle}, publisher = {Edinburgh University Press}, title = {Historical Linguistics: {{A}}n introduction}, edition = {2}, year = {2004} } @incollection{CannMabugu2007, author = {Cann, Ronnie and Patricia Ruramisai Mabugu}, year = {2007}, title = {Constructional polysemy: {The} applicative construction in {chiShona}}, editor = {Rakova, Marina and Gergely Pethö and Csilla Rákosi}, booktitle = {The Cognitive Basis of Polysemy. {New} sources of evidence for theories of word meaning}, series = {Metalinguistica}, number = {19}, pages = {221–45}, address = {Bern}, publisher = {Peter Lang}, } @unpublished{Creissels1999dic, author = {Creissels, Denis}, note = {Unpublished manuscript}, title = {Dictionnaire tswana -- français}, year = {1999} } @unpublished{Creissels2004, author = {Creissels, Denis}, note = {Paper presented at {The First Syntax of World’s Languages Conference, Leipzig}}, title = {Non-canonical applicatives and focalization in {Tswana}}, year = {2004} } @book{CreisselsForthcoming, author = {Creissels, Denis}, year = {Forthcoming}, title = {Transitivity, Valence and Voice}, address = {Oxford}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, } @incollection{CreisselsEtAl2007, author = {Creissels, Denis and Gerrit J. Dimmendaal and Zygmunt Frajzyngier and Christa König}, year = {2007}, title = {Africa as a morphosyntactic area}, editor = {Heine, Bernd and Derek Nurse}, booktitle = {A Linguistic Geography of {Africa}}, series = {Cambridge Approaches to Language Contact}, pages = {86–150}, address = {Cambridge}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, } @article{Dammann1961, author = {Dammann, Ernst}, journal = {Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft}, number = {1}, pages = {160–169}, title = {{Das Applikativum in den Bantusprachen}}, volume = {111}, year = {1961} } @article{DeKindBostoen2012, author = {{De Kind}, Jasper and Koen Bostoen}, journal = {Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies}, number = {1}, pages = {101–124}, title = {The applicative in {ciLubà} grammar and discourse: {{A}} semantic goal analysis}, volume = {30}, year = {2012} } @book{duPlessisVisser1992, address = {Pretoria}, author = {{du Plessis}, Jacobus A. and Marianna Visser}, publisher = {Via Afrika}, title = {{Xhosa} Syntax}, year = {1992} } @book{Endemann1876, address = {Berlin}, author = {Endemann, Karl}, publisher = {W. Hertz}, title = {{Versuch} einer {Grammatik} des {Sotho}}, year = {1876} } @book{Endresen1994, address = {Trondheim}, author = {Endresen, Rolf Theil}, number = {22}, publisher = {University of Trondheim}, series = {University of Trondheim Working Papers in Linguistics}, title = {The Etymological Relationship between the Benefactive and Causative Suffixes in {Fula}}, year = {1994} } @article{Epps2010, author = {Epps, Patience}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, pages = {335–356}, title = {Linking valence change and modality: {{D}}iachronic evidence from {Hup} ({Amazonia})}, volume = {76}, year = {2010} } @incollection{Gerhardt1989, author = {Gerhardt, Ludwig}, year = {1989}, title = {Kainji and {Platoid}}, editor = {Bendor-Samuel, John}, booktitle = {The {Niger-Congo} Languages: {A} classification and description of {Africa’s} largest language family}, pages = {359–376}, address = {Lanham, MD}, publisher = {University Press of America, by arrangement with SIL}, } @book{Givón1979, address = {New York, NY}, author = {Givón, Talmy}, publisher = {Academic Press}, sortname = {Givon, Talmy}, title = {On Understanding Grammar}, year = {1979} } @incollection{Givón2013, author = {Givón, Talmy}, year = {2013}, title = {The diachrony of the so-called `ethical dative'}, editor = {Thornes, Tim and Erik Andvik and Gwendolyn Hyslop and Joana Jansen}, booktitle = {Functional-historical Approaches to Explanation: {In} honor of {Scott DeLancey}}, series = {Typological Studies in Language}, number = {103}, pages = {43–66}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, } @incollection{Givón2015, author = {Givón, Talmy}, year = {2015}, title = {Diachrony, ontogeny, and evolution}, editor = {Givón, Talmy}, booktitle = {The Diachrony of Grammar}, volume = {2}, pages = {695–730}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, } @article{Grégoire1998, author = {Grégoire, Claire}, journal = {Faits de langues}, pages = {285–303}, sortname = {Gregoire, Claire}, title = {L'expression du lieu dans les langues africaines}, volume = {11-12}, year = {1998} } @incollection{Grégoire2003, author = {Grégoire, Claire}, year = {2003}, title = {The {Bantu} languages of the forest}, editor = {Nurse, Derek and Gérard Philippson}, booktitle = {The {Bantu} Languages}, series = {Routledge Language Family Series}, number = {4}, pages = {349--370}, address = {London}, publisher = {Routledge}, } @misc{HammarströmEtAl2018, address = {Jena}, booktitle = {Glottolog 3.3}, editor = {Hammarström, Harald and Robert Forkel and Martin Haspelmath}, url = {http://glottolog.org}, organization = {Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History}, sortname = {Hammarstrom, Harald and Robert Forkel and Martin Haspelmath}, title = {Glottolog 3.3}, year = {2018} } @incollection{Harford1993, author = {Harford, Carolyn}, year = {1993}, title = {The applicative in {Chishona} and lexical mapping theory}, editor = {Mchombo, Sam A.}, booktitle = {Theoretical Aspects of {Bantu} Grammar 1}, series = {CSLI Lecture Notes}, number = {38}, pages = {93–112}, address = {Stanford, CA}, publisher = {Center for the Study of Language and Information}, } @article{HawkinsonHyman1974, author = {Hawkinson, Ann Katherine and Larry M. Hyman}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {2}, pages = {147–170}, title = {Hierarchies of natural topic in {Shona}}, volume = {5}, year = {1974} } @book{HeineEtAl1993, address = {Cologne}, author = {Heine, Bernd and Tom Güldemann and Christa Kilian-Hatz and Donald A. Lessau and Heinz Roberg and Mathias Schladt and Thomas Stolz}, number = {34-35}, publisher = {Institut für Afrikanistik}, series = {Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere}, sortname = {Heine, Bernd and Tom Guldemann and Christa Kilian-Hatz and Donald A. Lessau and Heinz Roberg and Mathias Schladt and Thomas Stolz}, title = {Conceptual Shift: {{A}} lexicon of grammaticalization processes in {African} languages}, year = {1993} } @book{HeineKuteva2002, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Heine, Bernd and Tania Kuteva}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {World Lexicon of Grammaticalization}, year = {2002} } @article{Hernández-Green2016, author = {Hernández-Green, Néstor}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, pages = {353–383}, sortname = {Hernandez-Green, Nestor}, title = {Registration versus applicative constructions in Acazulco Otomí}, volume = {82}, year = {2016} } @book{Hulstaert1966, address = {Tervuren}, author = {Hulstaert, Gustaaf}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, title = {Grammaire du lɔmɔ́ngɔ. {Troisième} partie~: syntaxe}, series = {Annales -- Série in-8° -- Sciences humaines}, number = {58}, year = {1966} } @incollection{HymanEtAl1980, author = {Hyman, Larry M. and Alessandro Duranti and Malillo Morolong}, year = {1980}, title = {Towards a typology of the direct object in {Bantu}}, editor = {Bouquiaux, Luc}, booktitle = {L'expansion bantoue~: actes du colloque international du {CNRS}, {Viviers (France)} -- 4--16 avril 1977}, volume = {2}, series = {Société d'études linguistiques et anthropologiques de {France}, Numéro spécial}, number = {9}, pages = {563–582}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {SELAF}, } @phdthesis{Jerro2016, address = {Austin, TX}, author = {Jerro, Kyle J.}, school = {University of Texas at Austin}, title = {The Syntax and Semantics of Applicative Morphology in {Bantu}}, year = {2016} } @incollection{Kähler-Meyer1966, author = {Kähler-Meyer, Emmi}, year = {1966}, title = {{Die örtliche Funktion der Applikativendung in Bantusprachen}}, editor = {Lukas, Johannes}, booktitle = {{Neue afrikanistische Studien: Festschrift für A. Klingenheben}}, pages = {126–136}, address = {Hamburg}, publisher = {Deutsches Institut für Afrika Forschung}, } @book{KeenanFaltz1985, address = {Dordrecht}, author = {Keenan, Edward L. and Leonard M. Faltz}, publisher = {D. Reidel}, title = {Boolean Semantics for Natural Language}, year = {1985} } @incollection{Kießling2004, author = {Kießling, Roland}, year = {2004}, sortname = {Kiessling, Roland}, title = {{Kausation, Wille und Wiederholung in der verbalen Derivation der westlichen Ring-Sprachen (Weh, Isu)}}, editor = {Kastenholz, Raimund and Anne Storch}, booktitle = {{Sprache und Wissen in Afrika: Beiträge zum 15. Afrikanistentag, Frankfurt am Main und Mainz: 30. September -- 2. Oktober 2002}}, pages = {159–181}, address = {Cologne}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, } @unpublished{Kimenyi1995, author = {Kimenyi, Alexandre}, note = {Paper presented at The 8th Niger-Congo Syntax-Semantics Workshop, Boston University}, title = {{Kinyarwanda} applicatives revisited}, year = {1995} } @incollection{Kozhanov2016, author = {Kozhanov, Kirill}, year = {2016}, title = {Verbal prefixation and argument structure in {Lithuanian}}, editor = {Holvoet, Axel and Nicole Nau}, booktitle = {Argument Realization in {Baltic}}, pages = {363–402}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, } @article{Kracht2002, author = {Kracht, Marcus}, journal = {Linguistics and Philosophy}, number = {2}, pages = {157–232}, title = {On the semantics of locatives}, volume = {25}, year = {2002} } @phdthesis{Mabugu2001, address = {Edinburg}, author = {Mabugu, Patricia Ruramisai}, school = {University of Edinburg}, title = {Polysemy and the Applicative Verb Construction in {Chishona}}, year = {2001} } @article{Mora-Marín2003, author = {Mora-Marín, David F.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {2}, pages = {186–228}, sortname = {Mora-Marin, David F.}, title = {Historical reconstruction of {Mayan} applicative and antidative constructions}, volume = {69}, year = {2003} } @phdthesis{Nam1995, address = {Los Angeles, CA}, author = {Nam, Seungho}, school = {University of California at Los Angeles}, title = {Semantics of Locative Prepositional Phrases in {English}}, year = {1995} } @phdthesis{NouguierVoisin2002, address = {Lyon}, author = {{Nouguier Voisin}, Sylvie}, school = {Université Lumière -- Lyon 2}, title = {Relations entre fonctions syntaxiques et fonctions sémantique en wolof}, year = {2002} } @book{Pacchiarotti2020, address = {Stanford, CA}, author = {Pacchiarotti, Sara}, publisher = {Center for the Study of Language and Information}, title = {{Bantu} Applicative Constructions}, series = {{Stanford} Monographs in {African} Languages}, year = {2020} } @book{Peterson2007, address = {Oxford}, author = {Peterson, David A.}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {Applicative Constructions}, year = {2007} } @mastersthesis{Rapold1997, address = {Leiden}, author = {Rapold, Christian}, school = {Leiden University}, title = {The Applicative Construction in {Lingala}}, year = {1997} } @phdthesis{Renaudier2012, address = {Lyon}, author = {Renaudier, Marie}, school = {Université Lumière -- Lyon 2}, title = {Dérivation et valence en {Seereer}}, year = {2012} } @article{Rose2019, author = {Rose, Françoise}, journal = {Linguistic Typology}, number = {3}, pages = {435–466}, sortname = {Rose, Francoise}, title = {From classifiers to applicatives in {Mojeño Trinitario}: {{A}} new source for applicative markers}, volume = {23}, year = {2019} } @phdthesis{Rugemalira1993, address = {Berkeley, CA}, author = {Rugemalira, Josephat M.}, school = {University of California at Berkeley}, title = {Runyambo verb extensions and constraints on predicate structure}, year = {1993} } @inproceedings{Rugemalira2004, author = {Rugemalira, Josephat M.}, year = {2004}, title = {Locative arguments in {Bantu}}, editor = {Akinlabi, Akinbiyi and Oluseye Adesola}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th {World Congress of African Linguistics, New Brunswick} 2003}, pages = {285–295}, address = {Cologne}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, } @techreport{Schadeberg1978-79, address = {Leiden}, author = {Schadeberg, Thilo C.}, institution = {Leiden University}, title = {Applicative}, type = {Unpublished manuscript}, year = {1978--79} } @article{Schaefer1985, author = {Schaefer, Ronald P.}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {1}, pages = {57–87}, title = {{Motion} in {Tswana} and its characteristic lexicalization}, volume = {16}, year = {1985} } @book{Seidel2008, address = {Cologne}, author = {Seidel, Frank}, number = {33}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, series = {Grammatical Analyses of African Languages}, title = {A Grammar of {Yeyi}: {{A}} {Bantu} language of southern {Africa}}, year = {2008} } @phdthesis{Sharman1963, address = {Pretoria}, author = {Sharman, John Campton}, school = {University of South Africa}, title = {Morphology, Morphophonology and Meaning in the Single-word Verb-forms in {Bemba}}, year = {1963} } @incollection{Sibanda2016, author = {Sibanda, Galen}, year = {2016}, title = {The {Ndebele} applicative construction}, editor = {Payne, Doris L. and Sara Pacchiarotti and Mokaya Bosire}, booktitle = {Diversity in {African} Languages: {S}elected papers from the 46th {Annual Conference on African Linguistics}}, series = {Contemporary African Linguistics}, number = {1}, pages = {309–333}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Language Science Press}, doi = {10.17169/langsci.b121.488} } @book{Stapleton1903, address = {Bolobo}, author = {Stapleton, Walter Henry}, publisher = {Hannah Wade Printing Press of the Baptist Missionary Society}, title = {Comparative Handbook of {{Congo}} Languages: {{B}}eing a comparative grammar of the eight principal languages spoken along the banks of the {{Congo}} river from the west coast of {Africa} to {Stanley Falls}, and of {Swahili}, the “lingua franca” of the country stretching thence to the east coast, with a comparative vocabulary giving 800 selected words from these languages, with their {English} equivalents, followed by appendices on six other dialects}, year = {1903} } @book{Stappers1986boma, address = {Hamburg}, author = {Stappers, Leo}, publisher = {Helmut Buske}, title = {Boma: {{{E}}}ine {Sprachskizze} (aus dem {Nachlass} übersetzt, überarbeitet und herausgegeben)}, year = {1986} } @article{Thwala2006, author = {Thwala, Nhlanhla}, journal = {ZAS Papers in Linguistics}, pages = {209–232}, title = {Parameters of variation \& complement licensing in {Bantu}}, volume = {43}, year = {2006} } @incollection{Trithart1977, author = {Trithart, Mary Lee}, year = {1977}, title = {Locatives}, editor = {Byarushengo, Ernest Rugwa and Alessandro Duranti and Larry M. Hyman}, booktitle = {Haya Grammatical Structure: {Phonology}, grammar, discourse}, series = {Southern California Occasional Papers in Linguistics}, number = {6}, pages = {89–98}, address = {Los Angeles, CA}, publisher = {Linguistics Department, University of Southern California}, } @book{vanEeden1956, address = {Stellenbosch}, author = {{van Eeden}, Bernardus Izak Christiaan}, publisher = {Die Universiteitsuitgewers en -boekhandelaars}, title = {Zoeloe-Grammatika}, year = {1956} } @book{Alexandre1966, address = {Paris}, author = {Alexandre, Pierre}, number = {1}, publisher = {Librairie C. Klincksieck}, series = {Langues et littératures de l'Afrique noire}, title = {Système verbal et prédicatif du bulu}, year = {1966} } @incollection{ApugeNebaAyunwi2011, author = {Apuge, Michael E. and Ayu'nwi N. Neba}, year = {2011}, title = {The verb morphology of {Bafaw}}, editor = {Chia, Emmanuel and Vincent A. Tanda and Ayu'nwi N. Neba}, booktitle = {The {Bafaw} Language}, pages = {65--123}, address = {Oxford}, publisher = {African Books Collective}, } @book{Ashton1944, address = {London}, author = {Ashton, Ethel O.}, publisher = {Longmans, Green \& Co.}, title = {{Swahili} Grammar (Including Intonation)}, year = {1944} } @article{Baker1985, author = {Baker, Mark C.}, journal = {Linguistic Inquiry}, number = {3}, pages = {373–415}, title = {The mirror principle and morphosyntactic explanation}, volume = {16}, year = {1985} } @book{Bastin1985, address = {Brussels}, author = {Bastin, Yvonne}, publisher = {Académie royale des sciences d'outre-mer}, title = {Les relations sémantiques dans les langues bantoues}, series = {Classe des Sciences Morales et Politiques, Mémoires in-8°, Nouvelle Série}, number = {48(4)}, year = {1985} } @article{BeckMelcuk2011, author = {Beck, David and Igor Mel'čuk}, journal = {Linguistics, An Interdisciplinary Journal of the Language Sciences}, number = {1}, pages = {175–228}, sortname = {Beck, David and Igor Mel'cuk}, title = {Morphological phrasemes and {Totonacan} verbal morphology}, volume = {49}, year = {2011} } @article{Biloa1994, author = {Biloa, Edmond}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, number = {1}, pages = {101–107}, title = {Passive incorporation and clause structure}, volume = {24}, year = {1994} } @book{BolekiaBoleka1991, address = {Malabo}, author = {{Bolekia Boleká}, Justo}, number = {8}, publisher = {Centro Cultural Hispano-Guineano}, series = {Coleccion Ensayos}, sortname = {{Bolekia Boleka}, Justo}, title = {Curso de lengua bubi}, year = {1991} } @incollection{BostoenForthcoming, author = {Bostoen, Koen}, year = {Forthcoming}, title = {Reflexive-reciprocal polysemy in south-western {Bantu}: {Distribution}, typology and origins}, editor = {{Bloom Ström}, Eva-Marie and Hannah C. Gibson and Rozenn Guérois and Lutz Marten}, booktitle = {Current Approaches to Morphosyntactic Variation in {Bantu}}, address = {Oxford}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, } @article{BostoenGoes2019, author = {Bostoen, Koen and Heidi Goes}, journal = {Linguistique et Langues Africaines}, pages = {25–68}, title = {Was {Proto}-{{Kikongo}} a 5 or 7-vowel language? {Bantu} spirantization and vowel merger in the {{Kikongo}} {Language} {Cluster}}, volume = {5}, year = {2019} } @article{BostoenGrégoire2007, author = {Bostoen, Koen and Claire Grégoire}, journal = {Mémoires de la Société de Linguistique de Paris, Nouvelle Série}, pages = {73–91}, sortname = {Bostoen, Koen and Claire Gregoire}, title = {{La} question bantoue~: bilan et perspectives}, volume = {15}, year = {2007} } @article{BostoenNzang-Bie2010, author = {Bostoen, Koen and Yolande Nzang-Bie}, journal = {Linguistics, An Interdisciplinary Journal of the Language Sciences}, number = {6}, pages = {1255–1307}, title = {On how ‘middle’ plus ‘associative/reciprocal’ became ‘passive’ in the {Bantu} {A70} languages}, volume = {48}, year = {2010} } @book{Childs1995, address = {Berlin}, author = {Childs, Tucker G.}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyer}, title = {A Grammar of {Kisi}}, year = {1995} } @phdthesis{Daeleman1966, address = {Leuven}, author = {Daeleman, Jan}, school = {Katolieke Universiteit te Leuven}, title = {Morfologie van naamwoord en werkwoord in het {Kongo (Ntandu)} met ontleding van het foneemsysteem}, year = {1966} } @article{Dammann1954, author = {Dammann, Ernst}, journal = {Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft}, number = {1}, pages = {163–174}, title = {{Reziprok und Assoziativ in Bantusprachen}}, volume = {104}, year = {1954} } @article{Dammann1959, author = {Dammann, Ernst}, journal = {Afrika und Übersee: Sprachen, Kulturen}, number = {2}, pages = {116–127}, title = {{Inversiva und Repetitiva in Bantusprachen}}, volume = {43}, year = {1959} } @book{DieuRenaud1983, address = {Paris; Yaoundé}, author = {Dieu, Michel and Patrick Renaud}, publisher = {ACCT; CERDOTOLA \& DGRST}, title = {Situation linguistique en {Afrique} centrale~: inventaire préliminaire~: le {Cameroun}}, series = {Atlas linguistique de l'Afrique centrale; Atlas linguistique du Cameroun}, year = {1983} } @incollection{Dimmendaal1987, author = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit J.}, year = {1987}, title = {Drift and selective mechanisms in morphological change: {The} eastern {Nilotic} case}, editor = {Giacalone-Ramat, Anna and Onofrio Carruba and Giuliano Bernini}, booktitle = {Papers from the 7th {International Conference on Historical Linguistics}}, pages = {193--210}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, } @book{Doke1938, address = {Johannesburg}, author = {Doke, Clement M.}, publisher = {Witwatersrand University Press}, title = {Text Book of {Lamba} Grammar}, year = {1938} } @incollection{DomEtAlForthcoming, author = {Dom, Sebastian and Heidi Goes and Koen Bostoen}, year = {Forthcoming}, title = {Multiple reciprocity marking in the {Kikongo} {Language} {Cluster}: {Functional} distribution and origins}, editor = {{Bloom Ström}, Eva-Marie and Hannah C. Gibson and Rozenn Guérois and Lutz Marten}, booktitle = {Current Approaches to Morphosyntactic Variation in {Bantu}}, address = {Oxford}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, } @article{DomEtAl2016, author = {Dom, Sebastian and Leonid Kulikov and Koen Bostoen}, journal = {Lingua Posnaniensis}, number = {2}, pages = {129–149}, title = {The middle as a voice category in {Bantu}: {{S}}etting the stage for further research}, volume = {59}, year = {2016} } @article{Doneux1975, author = {Doneux, Jean Léonce}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {41–129}, sortname = {Doneux, Jean Leonce}, title = {Hypothèses pour la comparative des langues atlantiques}, volume = {6}, year = {1975} } @book{Ernst1998, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Ernst, Urs}, publisher = {Société Internationale de Linguistique}, title = {{Le} groupe verbal et ses éléments en kakɔ (1ère partie)}, year = {1998} } @article{Fehn2019, author = {Fehn, Anne-Maria}, journal = {Journal of African Languages and Linguistics}, number = {2}, pages = {235–270}, title = {Kuvale: {{A}} {Bantu} language of southwestern {Angola}}, volume = {40}, year = {2019} } @book{Fisch1998, address = {Windhoek}, author = {Fisch, Maria}, publisher = {Out of Africa Publishers}, title = {Thimbukushu Grammar}, year = {1998} } @book{Forges1983, address = {Tervuren}, author = {Forges, Germaine}, number = {113}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, series = {Annales -- Série in-8° -- Sciences humaines}, title = {Phonologie et morphologie du kwezo}, year = {1983} } @book{Gautier1912, author = {Gautier, Jean-Marie}, title = {Grammaire de la langue mpongwée}, publisher = {Procure des PP. du Saint-Esprit}, address = {Paris}, year = {1912}, } @article{Good2005, author = {Good, Jeff}, journal = {Diachronica}, number = {1}, pages = {3–57}, title = {Reconstructing morpheme order in {Bantu}: {{T}}he case of causativization and applicativization}, volume = {22}, year = {2005} } @incollection{Good2007, author = {Good, Jeff}, year = {2007}, title = {Slouching towards deponency: {A} family of mismatches in the {Bantu} verb stem}, editor = {Baerman, Matthew and Greville G. Corbett and Dunstan Brown and Andrew Hippisley}, booktitle = {Deponency and Morphological Mismatches}, series = {Proceedings of the British Academy}, number = {145}, pages = {203--230}, address = {Oxford}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, } @book{Guarisma2000, address = {Paris}, author = {Guarisma, Gladys}, publisher = {Peeters}, title = {Complexité morphologique -- simplicité syntaxique. {L}e cas du bafia, langue bantoue périphérique ({A} 50) du {Cameroun}}, series = {Société d'études linguistiques et anthropologiques de France}, number = {379}, year = {2000} } @unpublished{GuéroisBostoen2016, author = {Guérois, Rozenn and Koen Bostoen}, note = {Paper presented at the 6th {International Conference on Bantu Languages, Helsinki}}, title = {Syncretism in {Cuwabo} valency-increasing verbal extensions}, year = {2016} } @book{Guthrie1967, address = {Farnborough}, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, publisher = {Gregg Press}, title = {Comparative {{Bantu}}: {{A}}n introduction to the comparative linguistics and prehistory of the {{Bantu}} languages. {Part I, Volume 1}: {The} comparative linguistics of the {Bantu} languages}, year = {1967} } @book{Guthrie1970, address = {Farnborough}, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, publisher = {Gregg International}, title = {Comparative {{Bantu}}: {{A}}n introduction to the comparative linguistics and prehistory of the {{Bantu}} languages. {Part II, Volumes 3 \& 4}: {A} catalogue of {Common Bantu} with commentary}, year = {1970} } @article{Heine1973, author = {Heine, Bernd}, journal = {Afrika und Übersee}, number = {3}, pages = {164–185}, title = {Zur genetischen {Gliederung} der {Bantu}-{Sprachen}}, volume = {56}, year = {1972/73} } @phdthesis{Henson2007, address = {Berkeley, CA}, author = {Henson, Bonnie J.}, school = {University of California at Berkeley}, title = {The Phonology and Morphosyntax of {Kol}}, year = {2007} } @book{Hulstaert1965, address = {Tervuren}, author = {Hulstaert, Gustaaf}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, title = {Grammaire du lɔmɔ́ngɔ. {Deuxième} partie~: morphologie}, series = {Annales -- Série in-8° -- Sciences humaines}, number = {57}, year = {1965} } @article{Hyman2003sound, author = {Hyman, Larry M.}, journal = {Journal of African Languages and Linguistics}, number = {1}, pages = {55–90}, title = {Sound change, misanalysis, and analogy in the {Bantu} causative}, volume = {24}, year = {2003} } @incollection{Hyman2003suffix, author = {Hyman, Larry M.}, year = {2003}, title = {Suffix ordering in {Bantu}: {A} morphocentric approach}, editor = {Booij, Geert and Jaap {van Marle}}, booktitle = {Yearbook of Morphology 2002}, pages = {245–281}, address = {Dordrecht}, publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers}, } @incollection{Hyman2010affix, author = {Hyman, Larry M.}, year = {2010}, title = {Affixation by place of articulation: {The} case of {Tiene}}, editor = {Wohlgemuth, Jan and Michael Cysouw}, booktitle = {Rara \& {Rarissima}: {Documenting} the Fringes of Linguistic Diversity}, series = {Empirical Approaches to Language Typology}, number = {46}, pages = {145–184}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, } @book{Ittmann1939, address = {Berlin}, author = {Ittmann, Johannes}, number = {20}, publisher = {Dietrich Reimer}, series = {Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für Eingeborenen-Sprachen}, title = {{Grammatik} des {Duala} ({Kamerun}) unter {Mitarbeit} von {Carl Meinhof}}, year = {1939} } @book{Ittmann1971, address = {Berlin}, author = {Ittmann, Johannes}, number = {75}, publisher = {Akademie}, series = {Deutsche Akademie der Wissenschaften, Institut für Orientforschung}, title = {{Sprichwörter} der {Kundu} ({Kamerun})}, year = {1971} } @article{Janson2007, author = {Janson, Tore}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {79–116}, title = {{Bantu} spirantisation as an areal change}, volume = {13}, year = {2007} } @book{KabutaSchiffer2009, address = {Ghent}, author = {Kabuta, Ngo Semzara and Maya Schiffer}, publisher = {Recall}, title = {Mùfòlòji wà {Cilubà}: {{A}}lgemene inleiding tot de structuur van het {Cilubà}}, year = {2009} } @book{KambaMuzenga1980, address = {Tervuren}, author = {{Kamba Muzenga}, Jean-Georges}, number = {104}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, series = {Annales -- Série in-8° -- Sciences humaines}, title = {Esquisse de grammaire kete}, year = {1980} } @book{Kemmer1993, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Kemmer, Suzanne}, number = {23}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, series = {Typological Studies in Language}, title = {The Middle Voice}, year = {1993} } @phdthesis{Kenmogne2000, address = {Buea}, author = {Kenmogne, Michel}, school = {University of Buea}, title = {The Lexical Phonology of {Bakoko}}, year = {2000} } @mastersthesis{KongneWelaze2004, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {{Kongne Welaze}, Jacquis}, school = {Université of Yaoundé I}, title = {Morphologie verbale du tukí}, year = {2004} } @unpublished{Kröger2016, author = {Kröger, Heidrun}, note = {Paper presented at the 6th {International Conference on Bantu Languages, Helsinki}}, title = {Verbal plurality -- not so common extensions in {Mozambican} {Ngoni}}, year = {2016} } @book{Kuijpers1922, address = {Boxtel}, author = {Kuijpers, Em}, publisher = {Prokuur van de Witte Paters}, title = {Grammaire de la langue haya}, year = {1922} } @book{Kuperus1985, address = {Tervuren}, author = {Kuperus, Juliana}, number = {119}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, series = {Annals -- Human Sciences}, title = {The {Londo} Word: {{I}}ts Phonological and Morphological Structure}, year = {1985} } @incollection{Labroussi2000, author = {Labroussi, Catherine}, year = {2000}, title = {Spirant-devoicing and genetic classification in eastern {Bantu}}, editor = {Wolff, H. Ekkehard and Orin D. Gensler}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd {World Congress of African Linguistics, Leipzig} 1997}, pages = {323–358}, address = {Cologne}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, } @book{Laman1936, address = {Brussels}, author = {Laman, Karl E.}, publisher = {Georges van Campenhout}, series = {Institut royal colonial belge, Section des sciences morales et politiques, Mémoires -- Collection in-8°, Tome II}, title = {Dictionnaire kikongo -- français, avec une étude phonétique décrivant les dialectes les plus importants de la langue dite kikongo}, year = {1936} } @article{Lichtenberk1985, author = {Lichtenberk, Frantisek}, journal = {Australian Journal of Linguistics}, number = {1}, pages = {19–41}, title = {Multiple uses of reciprocal constructions}, volume = {5}, year = {1985} } @book{LivinhacEtAl1921, address = {Maison-Carrée (Alger)}, author = {Livinhac, Léon and Camille Denoit and Albert Wolters}, publisher = {Imprimerie des Missionnaires d'Afrique (Pères Blancs)}, sortname = {Livinhac, Leon and Camille Denoit and Albert Wolters}, title = {Grammaire luganda}, edition = {4th revised edition}, year = {1921} } @book{Mackey1855, address = {New York, NY}, author = {Mackey, James L.}, publisher = {Mission House}, title = {A Grammar of the {Benga} Language}, year = {1855} } @book{Maddox1938, address = {London}, author = {Maddox, Harry E.}, publisher = {Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge}, title = {An Elementary {Lunyoro} Grammar}, year = {1938} } @book{MagangaSchadeberg1992, address = {Cologne}, author = {Maganga, Clement and Thilo C. Schadeberg}, number = {1}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, series = {East African Languages and Dialects}, title = {Kinyamwezi: {{G}}rammar, Texts, Vocabulary}, year = {1992} } @incollection{Maslova2007, author = {Maslova, Elena S.}, year = {2007}, title = {Reciprocal and polyadic (Remarkable reciprocals in {Bantu})}, editor = {Nedjalkov, Vladimir P.}, booktitle = {Reciprocal Constructions}, series = {Typological Studies in Language}, number = {71}, pages = {335–352}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, } @article{MchomboNgunga1994, author = {Mchombo, Sam A. and Armindo S. A. Ngunga}, journal = {Linguistic Analysis}, number = {1-2}, pages = {3–31}, title = {The syntax and semantics of the reciprocal construction in {Ciyao}}, volume = {24}, year = {1994} } @book{Meeussen1954a, address = {Tervuren}, author = {Meeussen, Achiel Emiel}, number = {5}, publisher = {Royal Museum of the Belgian Congo}, series = {Annalen - Reeks in-8° - Wetenschappen van de Mens - Linguïstiek}, title = {Linguistische schets van het {Bangubangu}}, year = {1954} } @article{Meeussen1954b, author = {Meeussen, Achiel Emiel}, journal = {Æquatoria}, pages = {81–86}, title = {Werkwoordafleiding in {Mongo} en {Oerbantoe}}, volume = {17}, year = {1954} } @techreport{Meeussen1962, address = {Tervuren}, author = {Meeussen, Achiel Emiel}, institution = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, title = {Notes de grammaire luba-kasayi}, type = {Unpublished ms., 14 pp.}, year = {1962} } @book{Meinhof1906, address = {Berlin}, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, publisher = {Dietrich Reimer}, title = {{Grundzüge} einer vergleichenden {Grammatik} der {Bantusprachen}}, year = {1906} } @incollection{Miehe1989, author = {Miehe, Gudrun}, year = {1989}, title = {Les extensions verbales en swahili et dans les langues voisines}, editor = {Rombi, Marie-Françoise}, booktitle = {Le swahili et ses limites~: ambiguïtés des notions reçues}, pages = {107–120}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Editions Recherches sur les Civilisations}, } @article{Mithun2013, author = {Mithun, Marianne}, journal = {Journal of Language Contact}, number = {2}, pages = {243–270}, title = {Challenges and benefits of contact among relatives: {{M}}orphological copying}, volume = {6}, year = {2013} } @book{Mpiranya2015, address = {Milton Park, Abingdon}, author = {Mpiranya, Fidèle}, publisher = {Routledge}, sortname = {Mpiranya, Fidele}, title = {{Swahili} Grammar and Workbook}, year = {2015} } @article{Mugane1999, author = {Mugane, John M.}, journal = {Linguistic Analysis}, number = {1-2}, pages = {160–181}, title = {The recalcitrant nature of the {Bantu} verbal morpheme -an-}, volume = {29}, year = {1999} } @phdthesis{MukashKalel1982, address = {Paris}, author = {{Mukash Kalel}, Timothée}, school = {Université Sorbonne Nouvelle, Paris 3}, sortname = {{Mukash Kalel}, Timothee}, title = {{Le} kanyok, langue bantoue du {Zaïre}~: phonologie, morphologie, syntagmatique}, year = {1982} } @book{Mwenegoha1975, address = {Nairobi}, author = {Mwenegoha, Hamza A. K.}, publisher = {Transafrica}, title = {Kifo cha furaha}, year = {1975} } @book{Nkiko1975, address = {Lubumbashi}, author = {Nkiko, Munya Rugero}, publisher = {Centre de linguistique théorique et appliquée, Université nationale du Zaire}, title = {Esquisse grammaticale de la langue luba-shaba~: parler de {Kasongo Nyembo}}, series = {Travaux et Recherches du {CELTA}}, year = {1975} } @incollection{Nurse1999, author = {Nurse, Derek}, year = {1999}, title = {Towards a historical classification of {East African Bantu} languages}, editor = {Hombert, Jean-Marie and Larry M. Hyman}, booktitle = {Bantu Historical Linguistics: {Theoretical} and empirical perspectives}, series = {CSLI Lecture Notes}, number = {99}, pages = {1–41}, address = {Stanford, CA}, publisher = {Center for the Study of Language and Information}, } @inproceedings{Ohala1978, address = {Berkeley, CA}, author = {Ohala, John J.}, pages = {370–386}, title = {{Southern} {Bantu} vs. the world: {The} case of palatalization of labials}, editor = {Jaeger, Jeri J. and Anthony C. Woodbury and Farrell Ackerman and Christine Chiarello and Orin D. Gensler and John Kingston and Eve E. Sweetser and Henry Thompson and Kenneth W. Whistler}, year = {1978}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Fourth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society}}, publisher = {Berkeley Linguistics Society, University of California}, } @incollection{Orwig1989, author = {Orwig, Carol}, year = {1989}, title = {Les extensions verbales en nugunu}, editor = {Barreteau, Daniel and Robert Hedinger}, booktitle = {Descriptions de langues camerounaises}, series = {DELAN: Description systématique des langues nationales}, pages = {283–314}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {SIL \& ACCT \& ORSTOM}, } @book{Paluku1998, address = {München}, author = {Paluku, André Mbula}, number = {22}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, series = {LINCOM Studies in African Linguistics}, sortname = {Paluku, Andre Mbula}, title = {Description grammatical du kitalinga~: langue bantu du {Nord-Est du Zaïre}}, year = {1998} } @mastersthesis{Piron1990, address = {Brussels}, author = {Piron, Pascale}, school = {Université libre de Bruxelles}, title = {Eléments de description du kota, langue bantoue du {Gabon}, {B.25}}, year = {1990} } @book{Racine2015, address = {Cologne}, author = {Racine, Odile}, number = {24}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, series = {East African Languages and Dialects}, title = {Les extensions verbales en swahili standard}, year = {2015} } @book{Raponda-Walker1937, address = {Brazzaville}, author = {Raponda-Walker, André}, publisher = {Government of Brazzaville}, sortname = {Raponda-Walker, Andre}, title = {Essai de grammaire tsogo}, year = {1937} } @book{Richter2013, address = {Buea}, author = {Richter, Doris}, publisher = {University of Buea}, title = {Wovia dictionary}, year = {2013} } @book{Rubongoya1999, address = {Cologne}, author = {Rubongoya, L. T.}, number = {9}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, series = {East African Languages and Dialects}, title = {A Modern {Runyoro}-{Rutooro} Grammar}, year = {1999} } @incollection{Schadeberg1980, author = {Schadeberg, Thilo C.}, year = {1980}, title = {La morphologie verbale du bantu commun et les langues bantoues du {Cameroun}}, editor = {Bouquiaux, Luc}, booktitle = {L'expansion bantoue~: actes du colloque international du {CNRS, Viviers (France)} -- 4--16 avril 1977}, volume = {2}, series = {Société d'études linguistiques et anthropologiques de {France}, Numéro spécial}, number = {9}, pages = {503–509}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {SELAF}, } @article{Schadeberg1982, author = {Schadeberg, Thilo C.}, journal = {Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika}, pages = {55–66}, title = {Les suffixes verbaux séparatifs en bantou}, volume = {4}, year = {1982} } @unpublished{Schadeberg2004, author = {Schadeberg, Thilo C.}, note = {Paper presented at the 17th {Swahili Colloquium, Bayreuth}}, title = {Kutendekana: {S}ocio-stative verbs in {Swahili}}, year = {2004} } @article{Sebasoni1967, author = {Sebasoni, Servilien}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {122--135}, title = {{La} préfinale du verbe bantou}, volume = {3}, year = {1967} } @book{Segerer2002, address = {Louvain}, author = {Segerer, Guillaume}, number = {3}, publisher = {Peeters}, series = {Afrique et Langage}, title = {{La} langue bijogo de {Bubaque (Guinée Bissau)}}, year = {2002} } @article{Stappers1967, author = {Stappers, Leo}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {137–145}, title = {Het passief suffix -u- in de {Bantoe}-talen}, volume = {3}, year = {1967} } @book{Stappers1986kanyok, address = {Cologne}, author = {Stappers, Leo}, publisher = {Institut für Afrikanistik, Universität zu Köln}, title = {{Kanyok}: {{{E}}}ine {Sprachskizze}}, year = {1986} } @phdthesis{Ström2013, address = {Gothenburg}, author = {Ström, Eva-Marie}, school = {University of Gothenburg}, sortname = {Strom, Eva-Marie}, title = {The {Ndengeleko} Language of {Tanzania}}, year = {2013} } @article{Taylor1986, author = {Taylor, Carrie}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, number = {1}, pages = {53–62}, title = {Extensions du radical en nɔmaantɛ~: la morphologie dérivationnelle}, volume = {16}, year = {1986} } @book{Torrend1891, address = {London}, author = {Torrend, Julius}, publisher = {Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner \& Co.}, title = {A Comparative grammar of the {South}-{African} {Bantu} languages, comprising those of {Zanzibar}, {Mozambique}, the {Zambezi}, {Kafirland}, {Benguela}, {Angola}, the {Congo}, the {Ogowe}, the {Cameroons}, the {Lake} {Regions}}, year = {1891} } @incollection{Trithart1977causative, author = {Trithart, Mary Lee}, year = {1977}, title = {Causatives and instrumentals}, editor = {Byarushengo, Ernest Rugwa and Alessandro Duranti and Larry M. Hyman}, booktitle = {Haya Grammatical Structure: {Phonology}, grammar, discourse}, series = {Southern California Occasional Papers in Linguistics}, number = {6}, pages = {73–88}, address = {Los Angeles, CA}, publisher = {Linguistics Department, University of Southern California}, } @book{VandeVelde2008, address = {Berlin}, author = {Van de Velde, Mark}, number = {46}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {Mouton Grammar Library}, title = {A Grammar of {Eton}}, year = {2008} } @article{vanderSpuy2014, author = {{van der Spuy}, Andrew}, journal = {Stellenbosch Papers in Linguistics Plus}, pages = {71–87}, title = {Bilabial palatalisation in {Zulu}: {{A}} morphologically conditioned phenomenon}, volume = {44}, year = {2014} } @article{Vansina1995, author = {Vansina, Jan}, journal = {Journal of African History}, number = {2}, pages = {173--195}, title = {New linguistic evidence and `the {Bantu} expansion'}, volume = {36}, year = {1995} } @book{Velten1901, address = {Göttingen}, author = {Velten, Carl}, publisher = {Vandenhoed \& Ruprecht}, title = {Safari za Wasuaheli}, year = {1901} } @book{Viana1961, address = {Lourenço Marques}, author = {Viana, Miguel José}, publisher = {Imprensa Nacional de Moçambique}, sortname = {Viana, Miguel Jose}, title = {Dicionario de português-chi-yao e chi-yao-português; elementos de gramática}, year = {1961} } @book{Werner1919, address = {London}, author = {Werner, Alice}, publisher = {Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner \& Co.}, title = {Introductory Sketch of the {Bantu} Languages}, year = {1919} } @book{Wynne1980, address = {Amersham}, author = {Wynne, R. C.}, publisher = {Avebury}, title = {{English} -- {Mbukushu} Dictionary}, year = {1980} } @incollection{Blanchon1980, author = {Blanchon, Jean A.}, year = {1980}, title = {La relativisation}, editor = {Nsuka-Nkutsi, François}, booktitle = {Eléments de description du punu}, series = {Linguistique et sémiologie. Travaux du centre de recherches linguistiques et sémiologiques de Lyon}, pages = {115--128}, address = {Lyon}, publisher = {Université Lyon II}, } @article{deBlois1970, author = {{de Blois}, Kornelis Frans}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {85--165}, title = {The augment in the {Bantu} languages}, volume = {4}, year = {1970} } @incollection{GrégoireJanssens1999, author = {Grégoire, Claire and Baudouin Janssens}, year = {1999}, title = {L’augment en bantou du nord-ouest}, editor = {Hombert, Jean-Marie and Larry M. Hyman}, booktitle = {Bantu Historical Linguistics: {T}heoretical and empirical perspectives}, series = {CSLI Lecture Notes}, number = {99}, pages = {413--429}, address = {Stanford, CA}, publisher = {Center for the Study of Language and Information}, } @article{GuéroisCreissels2020, author = {Guérois, Rozenn and Denis Creissels}, journal = {Linguistics}, number = {2}, pages = {463–491}, sortname = {Guerois, Rozenn and Denis Creissels}, title = {The relative verb forms of {Cuwabo} ({Bantu} {P}34) as contextually oriented participles}, volume = {58}, year = {2020} } @book{Harries1950, address = {Johannesburg}, author = {Harries, Lyndon}, number = {1}, publisher = {Witwatersrand University Press}, series = {Bantu Grammatical Archives}, title = {A Grammar of {Mwera}, a {Bantu} language of the eastern zone, spoken in the south-eastern area of {Tanganyika Territory}}, year = {1950} } @book{Hendery2012, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Hendery, Rachel}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {Relative Clauses in Time and Space. {A} case study in the methods of diachronic typology}, series = {Typological Studies in Language}, number = {101}, year = {2012} } @book{KambaMuzenga1981, address = {Tervuren}, author = {{Kamba Muzenga}, Jean-Georges}, number = {106}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, series = {Annales -- Série in-8° -- Sciences humaines}, title = {Les formes verbales négatives dans les langues bantoues}, year = {1981} } @article{Meeussen1971, author = {Meeussen, Achiel Emiel}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics Supplement}, pages = {3–10}, title = {Relative clauses in {Bantu}}, volume = {2}, year = {1971} } @book{Polak-Bynon1975, address = {Tervuren}, author = {Polak-Bynon, Louise}, number = {86}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, series = {Annals -- Series in-8° -- Human Sciences}, title = {A {Shi} Grammar: {{S}}urface structures and generative phonology of a {Bantu} language}, year = {1975} } @article{Schadeberg1994, author = {Schadeberg, Thilo C.}, journal = {Belgian Journal of Linguistics}, pages = {73--84}, title = {Spirantization and the 7-to-5 vowel merger in {Bantu}}, volume = {9}, year = {1994} } @book{Stappers1973, address = {Tervuren}, author = {Stappers, Leo}, number = {80}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, series = {Annales -- Série in-8° -- Sciences humaines}, title = {Esquisse de la langue mituku}, year = {1973} } @book{Tamanji2009, address = {Cologne}, author = {Tamanji, Pius N.}, number = {35}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, series = {Grammatical Analyses of African Languages}, title = {A Descriptive Grammar of {Bafut} -- a {Grassfields} {Bantu} Language of {Cameroon}}, year = {2009} } @article{VanCoillie1948, author = {{van Coillie}, Gustaaf}, journal = {Kongo-Overzee}, number = {5}, pages = {257–279}, title = {Korte {Mbagani}-spraakkunst: {{D}}e taal van de {``Babindji''} in {Kasayi} ({D}eel 1)}, volume = {14}, year = {1948} } @incollection{VandeVelde2005, author = {Van de Velde, Mark}, year = {2005}, title = {The order of noun and demonstrative in {Bantu}}, editor = {Bostoen, Koen and Jacky Maniacky}, booktitle = {Studies in {African} Comparative Linguistics, with special focus on {Bantu} and {Mande}. {E}ssays in honour of {Yvonne Bastin} and {Claire Grégoire}}, pages = {425--441}, address = {Tervuren}, series = {Collection Sciences Humaines}, number = {169}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, } @incollection{VandeVelde2019, author = {Van de Velde, Mark}, year = {2019}, title = {Nominal morphology and syntax}, editor = {Van de Velde, Mark and Koen Bostoen and Derek Nurse and Gérard Philippson}, booktitle = {The {Bantu} Languages}, edition = {2}, series = {Routledge Language Family Series}, pages = {237--269}, address = {Milton Park, Abingdon}, publisher = {Routledge}, } @article{VandeVelde2021, author = {Van de Velde, Mark}, journal = {Linguistics, An Interdisciplinary Journal of the Language Sciences}, number = {4}, pages = {981–1015}, title = {The {Bantu} relative agreement cycle}, volume = {59}, year = {2021} } @incollection{VandeVeldeToAppear-a, author = {Van de Velde, Mark}, year = {Forthcoming}, title = {Adnominal possession}, editor = {Marten, Lutz and Nancy C. Kula and Jochen Zeller and Ellen Hurst}, booktitle = {The {Oxford} Guide to the {Bantu} Languages}, series = {Oxford Guides to the World’s Languages}, number = {2}, address = {Oxford}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, } @article{VandeVelde2022, author = {Van de Velde, Mark}, year = {2022}, title = {The {AMAR} mechanism: {N}ominal expressions in the {Bantu} languages are shaped by apposition and reintegration}, journal = {Linguistics, An Interdisciplinary Journal of the Language Sciences}, number = {3}, pages = {899–931}, volume = {60}, } @article{VandeVeldeAmbouroue2017, author = {Van de Velde, Mark and Odette Ambouroue}, journal = {Studies in Language, International Journal sponsored by the Foundation “Foundations of Language”}, number = {3}, pages = {615–637}, title = {The origin and use of a relative clause construction that targets objects in {Orungu} ({Bantu}, {Gabon})}, volume = {41}, year = {2017} } @mastersthesis{Wilson1996, author = {Wilson, Janet Evelyn}, year = {1996}, title = {A Phonological Grammar of {Kuche}}, address = {Arlington, TX}, school = {University of Texas at Arlington}, } @Article{Hyman2011, author = {Hyman, Larry M.}, journal = {Language Dynamics and Change}, title = {The {Macro}-{Sudan} {Belt} and {Niger}-{Congo} reconstruction}, year = {2011}, number = {1}, pages = {3--49}, volume = {1}, } @Book{KambaMuzenga2003, author = {{Kamba Muzenga}, Jean-Georges}, publisher = {Peeters}, title = {Substitutifs et possessifs en bantou}, year = {2003}, address = {Louvain}, number = {401}, series = {Société d'études linguistiques et anthropologiques de France}, } @Article{Polak1986, author = {Polak, Louise}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, title = {Les infixes (``prefixes objets'') du bantou et leur reconstruction}, year = {1986}, pages = {365–421}, volume = {10}, } @Article{Bostoen2008, author = {Bostoen, Koen}, journal = {Diachronica}, title = {{Bantu} spirantization: {{M}}orphologization, lexicalization and historical classification}, year = {2008}, number = {3}, pages = {299–356}, volume = {25}, } @Article{deSchryverEtAl2015, author = {{de Schryver}, Gilles-Maurice and Rebecca Grollemund and Simon Branford and Koen Bostoen}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, title = {Introducing a state-of-the-art phylogenetic classification of the {{Kikongo}} {Language} {Cluster}}, year = {2015}, note = {}, pages = {87–162 + supplementary material online}, volume = {21}, } @PhdThesis{Nabirye2016, author = {Nabirye, Minah}, school = {Ghent University}, title = {A Corpus-based Grammar of {Lusoga}}, year = {2016}, address = {Ghent}, } @Book{Sanderson1922, author = {Sanderson, Meredith}, publisher = {Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge}, title = {A {Yao} Grammar}, year = {1922}, address = {London}, edition = {2nd revised edition}, } @Book{Taylor1985, author = {Taylor, Charles}, publisher = {Croom Helm}, title = {{Nkore-Kiga}}, year = {1985}, address = {London}, series = {{Croom} Helm Descriptive Grammars}, } @Book{BastinEtAl1999, author = {Bastin, Yvonne and André Coupez and Michael Mann}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, title = {Continuity and Divergence in the {Bantu} Languages: {{P}}erspectives from a lexicostatistic study}, year = {1999}, address = {Tervuren}, number = {162}, series = {Annals -- Human Sciences}, sortname = {Bastin, Yvonne and Andre Coupez and Michael Mann}, url = {https://www.africamuseum.be/en/research/discover/human_sciences/culture_society/lexicostatistic-study-bantu-languages} } @Book{BastinEtAl2002, editor = {Bastin, Yvonne and André Coupez and Evariste Mumba and Thilo C. Schadeberg}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, title = {{Bantu} Lexical Reconstructions 3 / {Reconstructions} lexicales bantoues 3}, year = {2002}, address = {Tervuren}, booktitle = {{Bantu} Lexical Reconstructions 3 / {Reconstructions} lexicales bantoues 3}, sortname = {Bastin, Yvonne and Andre Coupez and Evariste Mumba and Thilo C. Schadeberg}, url = {http://www.africamuseum.be/collections/browsecollections/humansciences/blr}, } @PhdThesis{Grollemund2012, author = {Grollemund, Rebecca}, school = {Université Lumière -- Lyon 2}, title = {Nouvelles approches en classification~: application aux langues bantu du nord-ouest}, year = {2012}, address = {Lyon}, } @Book{NurseHinnebusch1993, author = {Nurse, Derek and Thomas J. Hinnebusch}, publisher = {University of California Press}, title = {{Swahili} and {Sabaki}: {{A}} linguistic history}, year = {1993}, address = {Berkeley, CA}, number = {121}, series = {University of California Publications in Linguistics}, } @Book{EberhardEtAl2022, editor = {Eberhard, David M. and Gary F. Simons and Charles D. Fennig}, publisher = {SIL International}, title = {{Ethnologue}: {{L}}anguages of the World}, year = {2022}, address = {Dallas, TX}, edition = {25}, booktitle = {{Ethnologue}: {{L}}anguages of the World}, } @Book{Nsuka-Nkutsi1982, author = {Nsuka-Nkutsi, François}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, title = {Les structures fondamentales du relatif dans les langues bantoues}, year = {1982}, address = {Tervuren}, number = {107}, series = {Annales -- Série in-8° -- Sciences humaines}, sortname = {Nsuka-Nkutsi, Francois}, } @Book{Hyman1981, author = {Hyman, Larry M.}, publisher = {Department of Linguistics, University of Southern California}, title = {{Noni} Grammatical Structure: {{W}}ith special reference to verb morphology}, year = {1981}, address = {Los Angeles, CA}, number = {9}, series = {Southern California Occasional Papers in Linguistics}, } @Article{Bastin1986, author = {Bastin, Yvonne}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, title = {Les suffixes causatifs dans les langues bantoues}, year = {1986}, pages = {55–145}, volume = {10}, } @PhdThesis{Watters1981, author = {Watters, John R.}, school = {University of California at Los Angeles}, title = {A Phonology and Morphology of {Ejagham}, with notes on dialect variation}, year = {1981}, address = {Los Angeles, CA}, } @Book{Guthrie1971, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, publisher = {Gregg International}, title = {Comparative {{Bantu}}: {{A}}n introduction to the comparative linguistics and prehistory of the {{Bantu}} languages. {Part I, Volume 2}: {Bantu} prehistory, inventory, and indexes}, year = {1971}, address = {Farnborough}, } @incollection{Bickmore2000, author = {Bickmore, Lee S.}, year = {2000}, title = {Tones and glides in {Namwanga}}, editor = {Carstens, Vicky M. and Frederick Parkinson}, booktitle = {Advances in {African} Linguistics}, series = {Trends in African Linguistics}, number = {4}, pages = {135--149}, address = {Trenton, NJ; Asmara}, publisher = {Africa World Press}, } @book{Bickmore2007, address = {Stanford, CA}, author = {Bickmore, Lee S.}, publisher = {Center for the Study of Language and Information}, title = {Cilungu Phonology}, series = {{Stanford} Monographs in {African} Languages}, year = {2007} } @thesis{BitjaaKody1990, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {{Bitjaa Kody}, Zachée}, school = {University of Yaoundé}, sortname = {Bitjaa Kody, Zachee}, title = {{Le} système verbal du ɓasaá}, type = {3rd cycle dissertation}, year = {1990} } @book{Cole1955, address = {London; New York}, author = {Cole, Desmond T.}, publisher = {Longmans; Green}, title = {An Introduction to {Tswana} Grammar}, year = {1955} } @book{Coupez1955, address = {Tervuren}, author = {Coupez, André}, number = {12}, publisher = {Royal Museum of the Belgian Congo}, series = {Annales -- Série in-8° -- Sciences de l'homme -- Linguistique}, sortname = {Coupez, Andre}, title = {Esquisse de la langue holoholo}, year = {1955} } @article{Downing2003, author = {Downing, Laura J.}, journal = {Phonology}, number = {1}, pages = {1–42}, title = {Compounding and tonal non-transfer in {Bantu} languages}, volume = {20}, year = {2003} } @book{DowningMtenje2017, address = {Oxford}, author = {Downing, Laura J. and Al Mtenje}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {The Phonology of {Chichewa}}, series = {The Phonology of the World's Languages}, year = {2017} } @phdthesis{Ebarb2014, address = {Bloomington, IN}, author = {Ebarb, Kristopher J.}, school = {Indiana University}, title = {Tone and Variation in {Idakho} and Other {Luhya} Varieties}, year = {2014} } @article{Ebarb2016, journal = {Language}, volume = {92}, number = {3}, author = {Ebarb, Kristopher J.}, pages = {e134--e191}, title = {An overview of {Kabarasi} verb tone}, year = {2016} } @unpublished{EbarbMarlo2010, author = {Ebarb, Kristopher J. and Michael R. Marlo}, note = {Paper presented at the 41st Annual Conference on African Languages, Toronto, 6--8 May 2010. Handout}, title = {Non-spurious {H}-toned extensions in {Nyala}-{West}}, year = {2010} } @article{Givón1971verb, author = {Givón, Talmy}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {2}, pages = {145--163}, sortname = {Givon, Talmy}, title = {On the verbal origin of the {Bantu} verb suffixes}, volume = {2}, year = {1971} } @article{Gowlett1984, author = {Gowlett, Derek F.}, journal = {African Studies}, number = {2}, pages = {187–203}, title = {Stabilization in {Bantu}}, volume = {43}, year = {1984} } @article{Grégoire1979, author = {Grégoire, Claire}, journal = {Journal of African Languages and Linguistics}, number = {2}, pages = {141-172}, sortname = {Gregoire, Claire}, title = {Les voyelles finales alternantes dans la conjugaison affirmative des langues bantoues centrales}, volume = {1}, year = {1979} } @incollection{Hyman1990, author = {Hyman, Larry M.}, year = {1990}, title = {Boundary tonology and the prosodic hierarchy}, editor = {Inkelas, Sharon and Draga Zec}, booktitle = {The Phonology-Syntax Connection}, pages = {109--125}, address = {Chicago, IL}, publisher = {University of Chicago Press}, } @incollection{Hyman2007universal, author = {Hyman, Larry M.}, year = {2007}, title = {Universals of tone rules: 30 years later}, editor = {Riad, Tomas and Carlos Gussenhoven}, booktitle = {Tones and Tunes. {Volume} 1: {Typological} Studies in Word and Sentence Prosody}, series = {Phonology and Phonetics}, number = {12.1}, pages = {1--34}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, } @incollection{Hyman2018autosegmental, author = {Hyman, Larry M.}, year = {2018}, title = {The autosegmental approach to tone in {Lusoga}}, editor = {Brentari, Diane and Jackson L. Lee}, booktitle = {Shaping Phonology}, pages = {47--69}, address = {Chicago, IL}, publisher = {University of Chicago Press}, } @incollection{HymanEtAl2017, author = {Hyman, Larry M. and Sharon Inkelas and Fred Jenga}, year = {2017}, title = {Multiple exponence in the {Lusoga} verb stem}, editor = {Bowern, Claire and Laurence Horn and Raffaella Zanuttini}, booktitle = {On Looking Into Words (and Beyond): {Structures}, relations, analyses}, series = {Empirically Oriented Theoretical Morphology and Syntax}, number = {3}, pages = {171--188}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Language Science Press}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.495445}, } @article{HymanKatamba1990, author = {Hyman, Larry M. and Francis X. Katamba}, journal = {South African Journal of African Languages}, number = {4}, pages = {142--158}, title = {Spurious high-tone extensions in {Luganda}}, volume = {10}, year = {1990} } @incollection{HymanMathangwane1999, author = {Hyman, Larry M. and Joyce T. Mathangwane}, year = {1999}, title = {Meeussen’s Rule at the phrase level in {Kalanga}}, editor = {Finlayson, Rosalie}, booktitle = {African Mosaic: {A} Festschrift for {J.A. Louw} on his 75th birthday}, pages = {173--202}, address = {Pretoria}, publisher = {University of South Africa Press}, } @article{HymanMtenje1999a, author = {Hyman, Larry M. and Al Mtenje}, journal = {Malilime: The Malawian Journal of Linguistics}, pages = {121--156}, title = {Non-etymological high tones in the {Chichewa} verb}, volume = {1}, year = {1999} } @incollection{HymanMtenje1999b, author = {Hyman, Larry M. and Al Mtenje}, year = {1999}, title = {Prosodic morphology and tone: {The} case of {Chichewa}}, editor = {Kager, René and Harry {van der Hulst} and Wim Zonneveld}, booktitle = {The Prosody-Morphology Interface}, pages = {90--133}, address = {Cambridge}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, } @article{HymanNgunga1994, author = {Hyman, Larry M. and Armindo S. A. Ngunga}, journal = {Phonology}, number = {1}, pages = {25–68}, title = {On the non-universality of tonal association conventions: {{{E}}}vidence from {Ciyao}}, volume = {11}, year = {1994} } @incollection{HymanValinande1985, author = {Hyman, Larry M. and Nzama Valinande}, year = {1985}, title = {Globality in the {Kinande} tone system}, editor = {Goyvaerts, Didier L.}, booktitle = {African Linguistics: {Essays} in memory of {M.W.K. Semikenke}}, series = {Studies in the Sciences of Language Series}, number = {6}, pages = {239--260}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, } @phdthesis{Jones2014, address = {Cambridge, MA}, author = {Jones, Patrick J.}, school = {Massachusetts Institute of Technology}, title = {Tonal Interaction in {Kinande}: {{C}}yclicity, opacity, and morphosyntactic structure}, year = {2014} } @phdthesis{Kanerva1989, address = {Stanford, CA}, author = {Kanerva, Jonni M.}, school = {Stanford University}, title = {Focus and Phrasing in {Chichewa} Phonology}, year = {1989} } @article{KisseberthAbasheikh1975, author = {Kisseberth, Charles W. and Mohammad I. Abasheikh}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {3}, pages = {249--266}, title = {The perfect stem in {Chi}-mwi: {{N}}i and global rules}, volume = {6}, year = {1975} } @article{Köhler1958, author = {Köhler, Oswin}, journal = {Afrika und Übersee: Sprachen, Kulturen}, pages = {97--110, 59--72}, sortname = {Kohler, Oswin}, title = {{Tongestalt und Tonmuster in der Infinitivform des Verbum im Herero}}, volume = {42}, year = {1958} } @book{LembdeGastines1973, address = {Douala}, author = {Lemb, Pierre and François {de Gastines}}, publisher = {College Libermann}, sortname = {Lemb, Pierre and Francois {de Gastines}}, title = {Dictionnaire basaá -- français}, year = {1973} } @incollection{LipholaOdden1999, author = {Liphola, Marcelino M. and David Odden}, year = {1999}, title = {The tonal pattern of glides in {Shimakonde}}, editor = {Carstens, Vicky M. and Frederick Parkinson}, booktitle = {Advances in {African} Linguistics: {P}apers presented at the 28th {Annual Conference on African Linguistics}, held {July} 18--22, 1997, {Cornell University}}, pages = {177--188}, address = {Trenton, NJ; Asmara}, publisher = {Africa World Press}, } @phdthesis{Marlo2007, address = {Ann Arbor, MI}, author = {Marlo, Michael R.}, school = {University of Michigan}, title = {The Verbal Tonology of {Lumarachi} and {Lunyala}-{West}: {{T}}wo Dialects of {Luluyia} ({Bantu}, {J}.30, {Kenya})}, year = {2007} } @article{Marlo2008, author = {Marlo, Michael R.}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {2}, pages = {153–243}, title = {Tura verbal tonology}, volume = {37}, year = {2008} } @article{Marlo2009, author = {Marlo, Michael R.}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, note = {}, pages = {77–129 + 16 pages of supplementary material online}, title = {Khayo verbal tonology}, volume = {15}, year = {2009} } @article{Meeussen1961, author = {Meeussen, Achiel Emiel}, journal = {Orbis, Bulletin international de documentation linguistique}, number = {2}, pages = {424--427}, title = {{Le} ton des extensions verbales en bantou}, volume = {10}, year = {1961} } @book{Meeussen1971elements, address = {Tervuren}, author = {Meeussen, Achiel Emiel}, number = {15}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, series = {Archives d'ethnographie}, title = {Eléments de grammaire lega}, year = {1971} } @article{Mkochi2017, author = {Mkochi, Winifred}, journal = {Stellenbosch Papers in Linguistics Plus}, pages = {101--126}, title = {Resolving verbal reduplication paradoxes in {Malawian} {Tonga}}, volume = {52}, year = {2017} } @incollection{Möhlig2009, author = {Möhlig, Wilhelm J. G.}, year = {2009}, title = {Historiography on the basis of contemporary linguistic data: {The} {Herero} case}, editor = {Möhlig, Wilhelm J. G. and Frank Seidel and Marc Seifert}, booktitle = {Language Contact, Language Change and History based on Language Sources in {Africa}}, series = {Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika}, number = {20}, pages = {159--186}, address = {Cologne}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, } @book{MöhligKavari2008, address = {Cologne}, author = {Möhlig, Wilhelm J. G. and Jekura U. Kavari}, number = {3}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, series = {Southern African Languages and Cultures}, sortname = {Mohlig, Wilhelm J. G. and Jekura U. Kavari}, title = {Reference Grammar of {Herero} ({Otjiherero}): {{B}}antu language of {Namibia}, with a glossary {Otjiherero} -- {English} -- {Otjiherero}}, year = {2008} } @book{Mtenje1986, address = {London}, author = {Mtenje, Al}, publisher = {University College London}, title = {Issues in the Nonlinear Phonology of {Chichewa}}, year = {1986} } @book{Mutaka1994, address = {Munich}, author = {Mutaka, Ngessimo M.}, number = {1}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, series = {LINCOM Studies in African Linguistics}, title = {The Lexical Tonology of {Kinande}}, year = {1994} } @article{MutakaHyman1990, author = {Mutaka, Ngessimo M. and Larry M. Hyman}, journal = {Phonology}, number = {1}, pages = {73–119}, title = {Syllables and morpheme integrity in {Kinande} reduplication}, volume = {7}, year = {1990} } @book{Snoxall1967, address = {Oxford}, author = {Snoxall, Ronald A.}, publisher = {Clarendon Press}, title = {{Luganda} -- {English} Dictionary}, year = {1967} } @book{VanOtterloo2011, address = {Dallas, TX}, author = {{Van Otterloo}, Karen}, number = {146}, publisher = {SIL International}, series = {SIL International Publications in Linguistics}, title = {The {Kifuliiru} Language: {{P}}honology, tone, and morphological derivation}, volume = {1}, year = {2011} } @article{VanOtterloo2014, author = {{Van Otterloo}, Karen}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {385–403}, title = {Tonal melodies in the {Kifuliiru} verbal system}, volume = {20}, year = {2014} } @book{Abad1928, address = {Madrid}, author = {Abad, Isidoro}, publisher = {Editorial del corazón de Maria}, title = {Elementos de la gramática {Bubi}}, year = {1928} } @phdthesis{Asiimwe2014, address = {Stellenbosch}, author = {Asiimwe, Allen}, school = {Stellenbosch University}, title = {Definiteness and Specificity in {Runyankore-Rukiga}}, year = {2014} } @book{BlenchKaze2019, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Blench, Roger M. and Bitrus Kaze}, publisher = {McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge}, title = {A Dictionary of the {Izere} Language of {Fobur}}, year = {2019} } @article{Bokamba1971, author = {Bokamba, Georges D.}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {3}, pages = {217--237}, title = {Specificity and definiteness in {Dzamba}}, volume = {2}, year = {1971} } @article{BostoenEtAl2015middle, author = {Bostoen, Koen and Bernard Clist and Charles Doumenge and Rebecca Grollemund and Jean-Marie Hombert and Joseph {Koni Muluwa} and Jean Maley}, journal = {Current Anthropology}, number = {3}, pages = {354--384}, title = {Middle to Late {Holocene} paleoclimatic change and the early {Bantu} expansion in the rain forests of {Western} {Central} {Africa}}, volume = {56}, year = {2015} } @article{Contini-Morava1983, author = {Contini-Morava, Ellen}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, number = {4}, pages = {425--435}, title = {Ranking of participants in {Kinyarwanda}: {{T}}he limitations of arbitrariness in language}, volume = {25}, year = {1983} } @article{Creissels2006, author = {Creissels, Denis}, journal = {Lingue e linguaggio}, number = {1}, pages = {49--66}, title = {{Tswana} verb morphology and the lexical integrity principle}, volume = {5}, year = {2006} } @article{Duranti1979, author = {Duranti, Alessandro}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {1}, pages = {31--45}, title = {Object clitic pronouns in {Bantu} and the topicality hierarchy}, volume = {10}, year = {1979} } @book{EnglebretsonEtAl2015, address = {Houston, TX}, author = {Englebretson, Robert and Lisa Jeon and Jessica Li and Samantha Mauney and Anaí Navarro and Jonas Wittke}, number = {6}, publisher = {Rice Linguistics Society, Rice University}, series = {Rice Working Papers in Linguistics}, sortname = {Englebretson, Robert and Lisa Jeon and Jessica Li and Samantha Mauney and Anai Navarro and Jonas Wittke}, title = {A Basic Sketch Grammar of {Gĩkũyũ}}, year = {2015} } @phdthesis{Hawkinson1986, address = {Berkeley, CA}, author = {Hawkinson, Ann Katherine}, school = {University of California at Berkeley}, title = {Bakweri Verb Morphology}, year = {1986} } @phdthesis{Katupha1991, address = {London}, author = {Katupha, Jose Mateus Muaria}, school = {School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London}, title = {The Grammar of {Emakhuwa} Verbal Extensions: {{A}}n investigation of the role of extension morphemes in derivational verbal morphology and in grammatical relations}, year = {1991} } @phdthesis{Kimenyi1976, address = {Los Angeles, CA}, author = {Kimenyi, Alexandre}, school = {University of California at Los Angeles}, title = {A Relational Grammar of {Kinyarwanda}}, year = {1976} } @article{Marlo2015num, author = {Marlo, Michael R.}, journal = {Journal of African Languages and Linguistics}, number = {1}, pages = {1--65}, title = {On the number of object markers in {Bantu} languages}, volume = {36}, year = {2015} } @article{MartenKula2012, author = {Marten, Lutz and Nancy C. Kula}, journal = {Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies}, number = {2}, pages = {237--253}, title = {Object marking and morphosyntactic variation in {Bantu}}, volume = {30}, year = {2012} } @book{Morrison1906, address = {New York, NY}, author = {Morrison, William McC.}, publisher = {American Tract Society}, title = {Grammar and Dictionary of the {Buluba-Lulua} Language as Spoken in the {Upper} {Kasai} and {Congo} {Basin}}, year = {1906} } @article{MotingeaMangulu2008, author = {Motingea Mangulu, André}, journal = {Annales Æquatoria}, pages = {261--364}, title = {Esquisse du parler des mɔngɔ-liinja {d’Opala} (bantou {C60}-70)}, volume = {29}, year = {2008} } @incollection{Mous2005, author = {Mous, Maarten}, year = {2005}, title = {The innovative character of object-verb word order in {Nen} ({Bantu} {A44}, {Cameroon})}, editor = {Bostoen, Koen and Jacky Maniacky}, booktitle = {Studies in {African} Comparative Linguistics, with Special Focus on {Bantu} and {Mande}. {E}ssays in honour of {Yvonne Bastin} and {Claire Grégoire}}, pages = {411--424}, address = {Tervuren}, series = {Collection Sciences Humaines}, number = {169}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, } @mastersthesis{Ngoboka2005, address = {Durban}, author = {Ngoboka, Jean Paul}, school = {University of KwaZulu-Natal}, title = {A syntactic analysis of {Kinyarwanda} applicatives}, year = {2005} } @article{Nzang-Bie2014, author = {Nzang-Bie, Yolande}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, number = {1}, pages = {73--93}, title = {{La} transitivité en atsi, un dialecte du fang parlé au {Gabon}}, volume = {41}, year = {2014} } @article{Odden1984, author = {Odden, David}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {3}, pages = {275--299}, title = {Formal correlates of focusing in {Kimatuumbi}}, volume = {15}, year = {1984} } @techreport{RaneroEtAl2013, address = {Claremont, CA}, author = {Ranero, Rodrigo and Michael Diercks and Mary Paster}, institution = {Pomona College}, title = {{One} of these things is not like the others: {{{E}}}piphenomenal clitics in {Kuria}}, type = {Unpublished ms.}, year = {2013} } @phdthesis{Riedel2009, address = {Leiden}, author = {Riedel, Kristina}, school = {Leiden University}, title = {The Syntax of Object Marking in {Sambaa}: {{A}} comparative {Bantu} perspective}, year = {2009} } @phdthesis{Rubanza1988, address = {East Lansing, MI}, author = {Rubanza, Yunus Ismail}, school = {Michigan State University}, title = {Linear Order in {Haya} Verbal Morphology: {{T}}heoretical implications}, year = {1988} } @inproceedings{Rugemalira1991, author = {Rugemalira, Josephat M.}, year = {1991}, title = {What is a symmetrical language? {Multiple} object constructions in {Bantu}}, editor = {Hubbard, Kathleen}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Seventeenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society: Special Session on African Language Structures}}, pages = {200--209}, address = {Berkeley, CA}, publisher = {Berkeley Linguistics Society, University of California}, } @phdthesis{Stucky1985, address = { Urbana-Champaign, IL}, author = {Stucky, Susan U.}, school = {University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign}, title = {Order in {Makua} Syntax}, year = {1985} } @book{Valente1964, address = {Lisbon}, author = {Valente, José Francisco}, publisher = {Junta de Investigações do Ultramar}, sortname = {Valente, Jose Francisco}, title = {Gramática umbundu; a língua do centro de {Angola}}, year = {1964} } @phdthesis{vanderWal2009, address = {Leiden}, author = {van der Wal, Guenever Johanna}, school = {Leiden University}, title = {Word Order and Information Structure in {Makhuwa}-{Enahara}}, year = {2009} } @incollection{vanderWal2020, author = {van der Wal, Jenneke}, year = {2020}, title = {The {AWSOM} correlation in comparative {Bantu} object marking}, editor = {Smith, Peter W. and Johannes Mursell and Katharina Hartmann}, booktitle = {Agree to Agree: {Agreement} in the Minimalist Programme}, series = {Open Generative Syntax}, number = {6}, pages = {199--234}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Language Science Press}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.3541755}, } @article{Wald1975, author = {Wald, Benji}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {3}, pages = {267--314}, title = {Animate concord in {Northeast} {Coastal} {Bantu}: {{I}}ts linguistic and social implications as a case of grammatical convergence}, volume = {6}, year = {1975} } @article{Wald1994, author = {Wald, Benji}, journal = {Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika}, pages = {211--315}, title = {{East} {Coast} {Bantu} and the evolution of constraints on passivisation}, volume = {15}, year = {1994} } @incollection{Wald1997, author = {Wald, Benji}, year = {1997}, title = {Instrumental objects in the history of topicality and transitivity in {Bantu}}, editor = {Déchaine, Rose-Marie and Victor Manfredi}, booktitle = {Object Positions in {Benue-Kwa}: {Papers} from a workshop at {Leiden University}, {June} 1994}, series = {Holland Institute of Generative Linguistics Publications}, number = {4}, pages = {221--253}, address = {The Hague}, publisher = {Holland Academic Graphics}, } @article{Wald2001, author = {Wald, Benji}, journal = {Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika}, pages = {455--522}, title = {Substratal and superstratal influences on the evolution of {Swahili} syntax: {{C}}entral {East} {Coast} {Bantu} and {Arabic}}, volume = {16/17}, year = {2001} } @book{Whitehead1899, address = {London}, author = {Whitehead, John}, publisher = {Baptist Missionary Society and Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner \& Co.}, title = {Grammar and Dictionary of the {Bobangi} Language; as spoken over a part of the {Upper} {Congo}, {West Central} {Africa}. {Compiled} and prepared for the {Baptist Missionary Society’s Mission} in the {Congo Independent State} by {John Whitehead}}, year = {1899} } @book{Willems1970, address = {Luluabourg}, author = {Willems, Emile}, publisher = {Mission de Scheut}, title = {{Le} tshiluba du {Kasayi}~: pour débutants}, edition = {4th revised edition}, year = {1970} } @unpublished{Yokoyama2016, title = {Structure and features: {The} ordering of object markers in {Kinyarwanda}}, author = {Yokoyama, Tomohiro}, note = {Paper presented at Bantu 6, University of Helsinki}, year = {2016} } @article{Zeller2012, author = {Zeller, Jochen}, journal = {Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies}, number = {2}, pages = {219--235}, title = {Object marking in {isiZulu}}, volume = {30}, year = {2012} } @article{ZellerNgoboka2015, author = {Zeller, Jochen and Jean Paul Ngoboka}, journal = {Transactions of the Philological Society}, number = {2}, pages = {206--231}, title = {On parametric variation in {Bantu}, with particular reference to {Kinyarwanda}}, volume = {113}, year = {2015} } @book{ZimmermannHasheela1998, address = {Windhoek}, author = {Zimmermann, Wolfgang and Paavo Hasheela}, publisher = {Gamsberg Macmillan}, title = {Oshikwanyama Grammar}, year = {1998} } @book{Mugane2015, author = {Mugane, John M.}, year = {2015}, title = {The Story of {Swahili}}, address = {Athens, OH}, publisher = {Ohio University Press}, } @book{Allen2013, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Allen, James P.}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {The {Ancient} {Egyptian} Language: {{A}}n historical study}, year = {2013} } @article{AlsinaMchombo1990, author = {Alsina, Alex and Sam A. Mchombo}, journal = {Natural Language \& Linguistic Theory}, number = {4}, pages = {493--506}, title = {The syntax of applicatives in {Chicheŵa}: {{P}}roblems for a theta theoretic asymmetry}, volume = {8}, year = {1990} } @incollection{AlsinaMchombo1993, author = {Alsina, Alex and Sam A. Mchombo}, year = {1993}, title = {Object asymmetries and the {Chicheŵa} applicative construction}, editor = {Mchombo, Sam A.}, booktitle = {Theoretical Aspects of {Bantu} Grammar 1}, series = {CSLI Lecture Notes}, number = {38}, pages = {17--45}, address = {Stanford, CA}, publisher = {Center for the Study of Language and Information}, } @article{Aunio2015, author = {Aunio, Lotta}, journal = {Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies}, number = {3}, pages = {359--371}, title = {A typological perspective on {Bantu} nominal tone: {{T}}he case of {Ikoma-Nata-Isenye} in {Western} {Tanzania}}, volume = {33}, year = {2015} } @article{Baker1988, author = {Baker, Mark C.}, journal = {Natural Language and Linguistic Theory}, number = {3}, pages = {353--389}, title = {Theta theory and the syntax of applicatives in {Chichewa}}, volume = {6}, year = {1988} } @incollection{Baker1990, author = {Baker, Mark C.}, year = {1990}, title = {Elements of a typology of applicatives in {Bantu}}, editor = {Hutchison, John P. and Victor Manfredi}, booktitle = {Current Approaches to {African} Linguistics 7}, series = {Publications in African Languages and Linguistics}, number = {11}, pages = {111--124}, address = {Dordrecht}, publisher = {Foris Publications}, } @incollection{Baker1992, author = {Baker, Mark C.}, year = {1992}, title = {Thematic conditions on syntactic structures: {Evidence} from locative applicatives}, editor = {Roca, Iggy M.}, booktitle = {Thematic Structure: {Its} role in grammar}, series = {Linguistic Models}, number = {16}, pages = {23--46}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Walter de Gruyter}, } @phdthesis{Baker1985diss, address = {Cambridge, MA}, author = {Baker, Mark Cleland}, school = {Massachusetts Institute of Technology}, title = {Incorporation: {{A}} Theory of Grammatical Function Changing}, year = {1985} } @incollection{Baldi1990, author = {Baldi, Philip}, year = {1990}, title = {Introduction: {The} comparative method}, editor = {Baldi, Philip}, booktitle = {Linguistic Change and Reconstruction Methodology 1}, series = {Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs}, number = {45}, pages = {1--13}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, } @book{Bastin1983, address = {Tervuren}, author = {Bastin, Yvonne}, number = {114}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, series = {Annales -- Série in-8° -- Sciences humaines}, title = {{La} finale verbale -ide et l'imbrication en bantou}, year = {1983} } @book{Bleek1862, address = {London}, author = {Bleek, Wilhelm H. I.}, publisher = {Trübner \& Co.}, title = {A Comparative Grammar of {South} {African} Languages, {Part} 1: {{P}}honology}, year = {1862} } @book{Bleek1869, address = {London}, author = {Bleek, Wilhelm H. I.}, publisher = {Trübner \& Co.}, title = {A Comparative Grammar of {South} {African} Languages, {Part} 2: {{T}}he Concord}, year = {1869} } @book{Blench2006, address = {Lanham, MD}, author = {Blench, Roger M.}, publisher = {AltaMira Press}, title = {Archaeology, Language, and the {African} Past}, year = {2006} } @book{BontinckNdembeNsasi1978, address = {Brussels}, author = {Bontinck, François and D. {Ndembe Nsasi}}, number = {44-5}, publisher = {Académie royale des Sciences d'Outre-Mer}, series = {Classe des Sciences Morales et Politiques}, sortname = {Bontinck, Francois and D. Ndembe Nsasi}, title = {{Le} catéchisme kikongo de 1624~: réédition critique}, year = {1978} } @incollection{Bostoen2019expansion, author = {Bostoen, Koen}, year = {2018}, title = {The {Bantu} Expansion}, booktitle = {Oxford Research Encyclopedia of {African} History}, doi = {10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.191}, note = {Published online April 26, 2018}, } @incollection{BostoenForthcomingPrehistory, author = {Bostoen, Koen}, year = {Forthcoming}, title = {Language and (pre)history in {Bantu}-speaking {Africa}}, editor = {Marten, Lutz and Nancy C. Kula and Jochen Zeller and Ellen Hurst}, booktitle = {The {Oxford} Guide to the {Bantu} Languages}, series = {Oxford Guides to the World’s Languages}, number = {2}, address = {Oxford}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, } @article{BresnanKanerva1989, author = {Bresnan, Joan and Jonni M. Kanerva}, journal = {Linguistic Inquiry}, number = {1}, pages = {1--50}, title = {Locative inversion in {Chicheŵa}: {{A}} case study of factorization in grammar}, volume = {20}, year = {1989} } @incollection{BresnanMoshi1993, author = {Bresnan, Joan and Lioba Moshi}, year = {1993}, title = {Object asymmetries in comparative {Bantu} syntax}, editor = {Mchombo, Sam A.}, booktitle = {Theoretical Aspects of {Bantu} Grammar 1}, series = {CSLI Lecture Notes}, number = {38}, pages = {47--92}, address = {Stanford, CA}, publisher = {Center for the Study of Language and Information}, } @book{BybeeEtAl1994, address = {Chicago, IL}, author = {Bybee, Joan L. and Revere Perkins and William Pagliuca}, publisher = {University of Chicago Press}, title = {The Evolution of Grammar: {{T}}ense, aspect, and modality in the languages of the world}, year = {1994} } @book{Cardoso1624, address = {Lisbon}, author = {Cardoso, Mattheus}, publisher = {Geraldo da Vinha}, title = {Dovtrina {Christaã}. {Composta} pelo {P. Marcos Iorge} da {Companhia de IESV} {Doutor em Theologia}. {Acrescentada} pelo {Padre Ignacio Martinz} da mesma {Companhia} {Doutor Theologo}. {De} nouo traduzida na lingoa do {Reyno de Congo}, por ordem do {P. Mattheus Cardoso} {Theologo}, da {Companhia de IESV}, natural da cidade de {Lisboa}. {Ao} muito poderoso, \& catholico {Rey de Congo} dom {Pedro Affonso Segundo} deste nome [{Christian Doctrine}. {Composed} by {Father Marcos Jorge} of the {Society of Jesus}, {PhD}. {Augmented} by {Father Ignacio Martinz} of the same {Society}, {PhD.} {Translated} into the language of the {Kongo Kingdom} under the supervision of {Mattheus Cardoso}, {Theologian} of the {Society of Jesus}, born in the city of {Lisbon}. {To} the very powerful and catholic {King of the Kongo} {Dom Pedro Affonso II} of this name]}, year = {1624} } @article{ChatzikyriakidisGibson2017, author = {Chatzikyriakidis, Stergios and Hannah C. Gibson}, journal = {Glossa: A journal of general linguistics}, number = {1}, pages = {1–39}, title = {The {Bantu}-{Romance}-{Greek} connection revisited: {{P}}rocessing constraints in auxiliary and clitic placement from a cross-linguistic perspective}, volume = {2}, year = {2017} } @book{ClementsGoldsmith1984, address = {Dordrecht}, booktitle = {Autosegmental Studies in {Bantu} Tone}, editor = {Clements, George N. and John Goldsmith}, publisher = {Foris Publications}, title = {Autosegmental Studies in {Bantu} Tone}, year = {1984} } @incollection{ClementsRialland2008, author = {Clements, George N. and Annie Rialland}, year = {2008}, title = {Africa as a phonological area}, editor = {Heine, Bernd and Derek Nurse}, booktitle = {A Linguistic Geography of {Africa}}, pages = {36--85}, address = {Cambridge}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, } @article{Dalby1975, author = {Dalby, David}, journal = {Journal of African History}, number = {4}, pages = {481--501}, title = {The prehistorical implications of {Guthrie}'s {`Comparative} {Bantu}'. {Part} {I}: {Problems} of internal relationship}, volume = {16}, year = {1975} } @article{Dalby1976, author = {Dalby, David}, journal = {Journal of African History}, number = {1}, pages = {1--27}, title = {The prehistorical implications of {Guthrie}'s `{Comparative} {Bantu}'. {Part} {II}: {Interpretation} of cultural vocabulary}, volume = {17}, year = {1976} } @article{deVosMitchley2012, author = {{de Vos}, Mark and Hazel Mitchley}, journal = {Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies}, number = {2}, pages = {155--170}, title = {Subject marking and preverbal coordination in {Sesotho}: {{A}} perspective from {Optimality Theory}}, volume = {30}, year = {2012} } @article{DevosEtAl2010, author = {Devos, Maud and Michael Kasombo Tshibanda and Johan {van der Auwera}}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {155--181}, title = {{Jespersen} cycles in {Kanincin}: {{D}}ouble, triple and maybe even quadruple negation}, volume = {16}, year = {2010} } @article{DevosvanderAuwera2013, author = {Devos, Maud and Johan {van der Auwera}}, journal = {Journal of African Languages and Linguistics}, number = {2}, pages = {205--274}, title = {{Jespersen} cycles in {Bantu}: {{D}}ouble and triple negation}, volume = {34}, year = {2013} } @article{DomEtAl2018, author = {Dom, Sebastian and Leonid Kulikov and Koen Bostoen}, journal = {Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies}, number = {3}, pages = {165--173}, title = {Valency-decreasing derivations and quasi-middles in {Bantu}: {{A}} typological perspective}, volume = {36}, year = {2018} } @article{Doneux1965, author = {Doneux, Jean Léonce}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {201--221}, sortname = {Doneux, Jean Leonce}, title = {{Bibliographie} du programme {Lolemi}}, volume = {2}, year = {1965} } @incollection{Downing1995, author = {Downing, Laura J.}, year = {1995}, title = {The metrical domain of register raising in {Jita}: {An Optimality} approach}, editor = {Katamba, Francis X.}, booktitle = {Bantu Phonology and Morphology}, series = {LINCOM Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {6}, pages = {28--39}, address = {Munich}, publisher = {LINCOM Europa}, } @incollection{Fleisch2006, author = {Fleisch, Axel}, year = {2006}, title = {Agent phrases in {Bantu} passives}, editor = {Voeltz, F.K. Erhard}, booktitle = {Studies in {African} Linguistic Typology}, series = {Typological Studies in Language}, number = {64}, pages = {93--111}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, } @incollection{GaryKeenan1977, author = {Gary, Judith O. and Edward L. Keenan}, year = {1977}, title = {On collapsing grammatical relations in {Universal Grammar}}, editor = {Cole, Peter and Jerrold M. Sadock}, booktitle = {Syntax and Semantics 8: {Grammatical} Relations}, pages = {83--120}, address = {New York, NY}, publisher = {Academic Press}, } @incollection{GibsonMarten2016, author = {Gibson, Hannah C. and Lutz Marten}, year = {2016}, title = {Variation and grammaticalisation in {Bantu} complex verbal constructions: {The} dynamics of information growth in {Swahili}, {Rangi} and {siSwati}}, editor = {Nash, Léa and Pollet Samvelian}, booktitle = {Approaches to Complex Predicates}, series = {Syntax and Semantics}, number = {41}, pages = {70--109}, address = {Leiden}, publisher = {Brill}, } @incollection{Gildea2000, author = {Gildea, Spike}, year = {2000}, title = {Preface}, editor = {Gildea, Spike}, booktitle = {Reconstructing Grammar: {Comparative} linguistics and grammaticalization}, series = {Typological Studies in Language}, number = {43}, pages = {vii--xiv}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, } @article{Givón1971dependent, author = {Givón, Talmy}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {1}, pages = {61–81}, sortname = {Givon, Talmy}, title = {Dependent modals, performatives, factivity, {Bantu} subjunctives and what not}, volume = {2}, year = {1971} } @article{Givón1974, author = {Givón, Talmy}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {1}, pages = {117--139}, sortname = {Givon, Talmy}, title = {Syntactic change in {Lake}-{Bantu}: {{A}} rejoinder}, volume = {5}, year = {1974} } @incollection{Goldsmith1987, author = {Goldsmith, John}, year = {1987}, title = {Stem tone patterns of the {Lacustrine} {Bantu} languages}, editor = {Odden, David}, booktitle = {Current Approaches to {African} Linguistics}, volume = {4}, series = {Publications in African Languages and Linguistics}, number = {7}, pages = {167--177}, address = {Dordrecht}, publisher = {Foris Publications}, } @phdthesis{Goldsmith1976, address = {Cambridge, MA}, author = {Goldsmith, John A.}, school = {Massachusetts Institute of Technology}, title = {Autosegmental Phonology}, year = {1976} } @book{Goody1986, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Goody, Jack}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {The Logic of Writing and the Organization of Society}, series = {Studies in Literacy, the Family, Culture and the State}, year = {1986} } @article{Greenberg1948, author = {Greenberg, Joseph H.}, journal = {Word}, number = {3}, pages = {196--208}, title = {The tonal system of {Proto}-{Bantu}}, volume = {4}, year = {1948} } @article{Greenberg1951, author = {Greenberg, Joseph H.}, journal = {Zaïre~: revue congolaise / Zaïre: Congolees tijdschrift}, pages = {813–820}, title = {Vowel and nasal harmony in {Bantu} languages}, volume = {5}, year = {1951} } @article{Greenberg1958, author = {Greenberg, Joseph H.}, journal = {Word}, number = {2--3}, pages = {295--302}, title = {The labial consonants of {Proto}-{Afro-Asiatic}}, volume = {14}, year = {1958} } @book{Greenberg1966, address = {The Hague}, author = {Greenberg, Joseph H.}, publisher = {Mouton}, title = {Language Universals: {{W}}ith special reference to feature hierarchies}, year = {1966} } @article{Greenberg1972, author = {Greenberg, Joseph H.}, journal = {The Journal of African History}, number = {2}, pages = {189--216}, title = {Linguistic evidence regarding {Bantu} origins}, volume = {13}, year = {1972} } @book{GreenbergEtAl1978, address = {Stanford, CA}, booktitle = {Universals of Human Language, Vol}, editor = {Greenberg, Joseph H. and Charles A. Ferguson and Edith A. Moravcsik}, publisher = {Stanford University Press}, title = {Universals of Human Language, {Vol} 1. {Method} \& Theory, {Vol}. 2. {Phonology}, {Vol}. 3. {Word} Structure, {Vol}. 4. {Syntax}}, year = {1978} } @article{Guérois2017, author = {Guérois, Rozenn}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {1--2}, pages = {193--212}, sortname = {Guerois, Rozenn}, title = {Conditional constructions in {Cuwabo}}, volume = {46}, year = {2017} } @incollection{Güldemann1999genesis, author = {Güldemann, Tom}, sortname = {Guldemann, Tom}, year = {1999}, title = {The genesis of verbal negation in {Bantu} and its dependency on functional features of clause types}, editor = {Hombert, Jean-Marie and Larry M. Hyman}, booktitle = {Bantu Historical Linguistics: {Theoretical} and empirical perspectives}, series = {CSLI Lecture Notes}, number = {99}, pages = {545--587}, address = {Stanford, CA}, publisher = {Center for the Study of Language and Information}, } @article{Guthrie1962, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, journal = {African Language Studies}, pages = {1--24}, title = {A two-stage method of comparative {Bantu} study}, volume = {3}, year = {1962} } @incollection{HanEtAl2020, author = {Han, Xu and Yuzhuo Bai and Keyue Qiu and Zhiyuan Liu and Maosong Sun}, year = {2020}, title = {IsOBS: {An} information system for oracle bone script}, editor = {Liu, Qun and David Schlangen}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2020 {Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing: System Demonstrations}}, pages = {227--233}, address = {Stroudsburg, PA}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, } @article{HarfordDemuth1999, author = {Harford, Carolyn and Katherine Demuth}, journal = {Linguistic Analysis}, number = {1--2}, pages = {47--68}, title = {Prosody outranks syntax: {An Optimality} approach to subject inversion in {Bantu} relatives}, volume = {29}, year = {1999} } @book{HeineReh1984, address = {Hamburg}, author = {Heine, Bernd and Mechthild Reh}, publisher = {Helmut Buske}, title = {Grammaticalization and Reanalysis in {African} Languages}, year = {1984} } @book{Helmlinger1972, address = {Paris}, author = {Helmlinger, Paul}, number = {9}, publisher = {Librairie C. Klincksieck (pour L'Université fédérale du {Cameroun})}, series = {Langues et littératures de l'Afrique noire}, title = {Dictionnaire duala -- français, suivi d'un lexique français -- duala}, year = {1972} } @article{Hetzron1976, author = {Hetzron, Robert}, journal = {Lingua}, number = {2}, pages = {89--108}, title = {Two principles of genetic reconstruction}, volume = {38}, year = {1976} } @book{Hock1991, address = {Berlin}, author = {Hock, Hans H.}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, title = {Principles of Historical Linguistics}, edition = {Second edition, revised and updated}, series = {Mouton Textbook}, year = {1991} } @incollection{Hoenigswald1991, author = {Hoenigswald, Henry M.}, year = {1991}, title = {Morphemic change, typology, and uniformitarianism: {A} study in reconstruction}, editor = {Lehmann, Winfred P. and Helen-Jo Jakusz Hewitt}, booktitle = {Language Typology 1988: {Typological} Models in the Service of Reconstruction}, series = {Current Issues in Linguistic Theory}, number = {81}, pages = {17--26}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, } @article{Hyman2004, author = {Hyman, Larry M.}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, number = {2}, pages = {69--88}, title = {How to become a `{Kwa}' verb}, volume = {30}, year = {2004} } @incollection{Hyman2018what, author = {Hyman, Larry M.}, year = {2018}, title = {What is phonological typology?}, editor = {Hyman, Larry M. and Frans Plank}, booktitle = {Phonological Typology}, series = {Phonology and Phonetics}, number = {23}, pages = {1--20}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Walter de Gruyter}, } @book{HymanKisseberth1998, address = {Stanford, CA}, booktitle = {Theoretical Aspects of {Bantu} Tone}, editor = {Hyman, Larry M. and Charles W. Kisseberth}, publisher = {Center for the Study of Language and Information}, title = {Theoretical Aspects of {Bantu} Tone}, year = {1998} } @article{Idiatov2009, author = {Idiatov, Dmitry}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {59--76}, title = {A {Bantu} path towards lack of differentiation between ‘who?’ and ‘what?’}, volume = {15}, year = {2009} } @article{IdiatovVandeVelde2021, author = {Idiatov, Dmitry and Van de Velde, Mark}, journal = {Language}, number = {1}, pages = {72--107}, title = {The lexical distribution of labial-velar stops is a window into the linguistic prehistory of {Northern} {Sub}-{Saharan} {Africa}}, volume = {97}, year = {2021} } @phdthesis{Janssens1993, address = {Brussels}, author = {Janssens, Baudouin}, school = {Université libre de Bruxelles}, title = {Doubles réflexes consonantiques~: quatre études sur le bantu de zone {{A}} (bubi, nen, bafia, ewondo)}, year = {1993} } @article{Kadenge2014, author = {Kadenge, Maxwell}, journal = {Language Matters, Studies in the Languages of Africa}, number = {1}, pages = {40--62}, title = {Comparing nasal-obstruent clusters derived from /mu-/ reduction in {Shangwe} and {Zezuru}: {An Optimality Theory} analysis}, volume = {45}, year = {2014} } @article{KadengeSimango2014, author = {Kadenge, Maxwell and Silvester R. Simango}, journal = {Stellenbosch Papers in Linguistics Plus}, pages = {105--127}, title = {Comparing vowel hiatus resolution in {ciNsenga} and {chiShona}: {An Optimality Theory} analysis}, volume = {44}, year = {2014} } @article{Kahl2001, author = {Kahl, Jochem}, journal = {Archéo-Nil}, pages = {101--134}, title = {Hieroglyphic writing during the fourth millennium {BC}: {{A}}n analysis of systems}, volume = {11}, year = {2001} } @book{KempsonEtAl2001, address = {Oxford}, author = {Kempson, Ruth M. and Wilfried Meyer-Viol and Dov M. Gabbay}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, title = {{Dynamic Syntax}: {{T}}he flow of language understanding}, year = {2001} } @book{KettunenHelmke2019, author = {Kettunen, Harri and Christophe Helmke}, url = {https://www.wayeb.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/wh2019english.pdf}, title = {Introduction to {Maya} Hieroglyphs}, edition = {Sixteenth revised edition}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Wayeb}, } @incollection{Koch1996, author = {Koch, Harold}, year = {1996}, title = {Reconstruction in morphology}, editor = {Durie, Mark and Malcolm Ross}, booktitle = {The Comparative Method Reviewed: {Regularity} and irregularity in language change}, pages = {218--263}, address = {Oxford}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, } @incollection{Koch2014, author = {Koch, Harold}, year = {2014}, title = {Morphological reconstruction}, editor = {Bowern, Claire and Bethwyn Evans}, booktitle = {The {Routledge} Handbook of Historical Linguistics}, pages = {286--307}, address = {London}, publisher = {Routledge}, } @book{LeBlanc2017, address = {Ottawa}, author = {LeBlanc, Paul D.}, publisher = {Subclass Press}, title = {Deciphering the {Proto-Sinaitic} Script: {{M}}aking sense of the {Wadi} el-{Hol} and {Serabit} el-{Khadim} early alphabetic inscriptions}, year = {2017} } @phdthesis{Leitch1996, address = {Vancouver}, author = {Leitch, Myles Francis}, school = {University of British Columbia}, title = {Vowel Harmonies in the {Congo Basin}: {An Optimality Theory} analysis of variation in the {Bantu} zone {C}}, year = {1996} } @phdthesis{Lusekelo2012, address = {Gaborone}, author = {Lusekelo, Amani}, school = {University of Botswana}, title = {Inflectional and Derivational Morphology in {Optimality Theory}. {Multiple} object-nouns and co-occurrence of verbal extensions in {Kinyakyusa}}, year = {2012} } @incollection{Marantz1982, author = {Marantz, Alec Paul}, year = {1982}, title = {Affixation and the syntax of applied verb constructions}, editor = {Flickinger, Daniel P. and Marlys 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{Dynamic Syntax}}, year = {2002} } @incollection{Marten2003, author = {Marten, Lutz}, year = {2003}, title = {The dynamics of {Bantu} applied verbs: {An} analysis at the syntax-pragmatics interface}, editor = {Lébikaza, Kézié K.}, booktitle = {Actes du 3e congrès mondial de linguistique africaine. {Lomé} 2000}, pages = {207--221}, address = {Cologne}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, } @article{Marten2013, author = {Marten, Lutz}, journal = {SOAS Working Papers in Linguistics}, pages = {195--213}, title = {Formal syntax and {African} languages: {{D}}ynamic {Syntax} case studies of {Swahili}, {Bemba}, and {Hadiyya}}, volume = {16}, year = {2013} } @incollection{McGinnis2001, author = {McGinnis, Martha}, year = {2001}, title = {Variation in the phase structure of applicatives}, editor = {Pica, Pierre}, booktitle = {Linguistic Variation Yearbook 2001}, series = {Linguistic Variation Yearbook}, number = {1}, pages = {105--146}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, } @article{McGinnis2008, author = {McGinnis, Martha}, journal = {Language and Linguistics Compass}, number = {6}, pages = {1225--1245}, title = {Applicatives}, volume = {2}, year = {2008} } @article{Meeussen1965, author = {Meeussen, Achiel Emiel}, journal = {Africa-Tervuren}, pages = {1--3}, title = {Vijf jaar {Lolemi}-activiteit}, volume = {15}, year = {1965} } @article{Myers1997, author = {Myers, Scott}, journal = {Natural Language \& Linguistic Theory}, number = {4}, pages = {847--892}, title = {{OCP} effects in {Optimality Theory}}, volume = {15}, year = {1997} } @incollection{Ngo-NgijolBanoum2004, author = {{Ngo-Ngijol Banoum}, Bertrade B.}, year = {2004}, title = {Bantu gender revisited through an analysis of {Basaá} categories: {A} typological perspective}, editor = {Akinlabi, Akinbiyi and Oluseye Adesola}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th {World Congress of African Linguistics, New Brunswick} 2003}, pages = {445--458}, address = {Cologne}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, } @book{Norde2009, address = {Oxford}, author = {Norde, Muriel}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {Degrammaticalization}, series = {Oxford Linguistics}, year = {2009} } @article{NunnQian2010, author = {Nunn, Nathan and Nancy Qian}, journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives}, number = {2}, pages = {163--188}, title = {The {Columbian} Exchange: {{A}} History of Disease, Food, and Ideas}, volume = {24}, year = {2010} } @article{Nurse1997, author = {Nurse, Derek}, journal = {Journal of African History}, number = {3}, pages = {359--391}, title = {The contributions of linguistics to the study of history in {Africa}}, volume = {38}, year = {1997} } @incollection{Nurse2003, author = {Nurse, Derek}, year = {2003}, title = {Aspect and tense in {Bantu} languages}, editor = {Nurse, Derek and Gérard Philippson}, booktitle = {The {Bantu} Languages}, series = {Language Family Series}, number = {4}, pages = {90--102}, address = {London}, publisher = {Routledge}, } @incollection{NurseDevos2019, author = {Nurse, Derek and Maud Devos}, year = {2019}, title = {Aspect, tense and mood}, editor = {Van de Velde, Mark and Koen Bostoen and Derek Nurse and Gérard Philippson}, booktitle = {The {Bantu} Languages}, edition = {2}, pages = {204--236}, address = {Milton Park, Abingdon}, publisher = {Routledge}, } @incollection{Odden1999, author = {Odden, David}, year = {1999}, title = {Typological issues in tone and stress in {Bantu}}, editor = {Kaji, Shigeki}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Symposium ``Cross-Linguistic Studies of Tonal Phenomena, Tonogenesis, Typology, and Related Topics'', December 10--12, 1998, Takinogawa City Hall, Tokyo}}, pages = {187--215}, address = {Tokyo}, publisher = {Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies}, } @article{PacchiarottiBostoenForthcoming, author = {Pacchiarotti, Sara and Koen Bostoen}, year = {2022}, title = {Erratic velars in {West-Coastal Bantu}: 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Postal}, year = {1983}, title = {Toward a universal characterization of passivization}, editor = {Perlmutter, David M.}, booktitle = {Studies in Relational Grammar 1}, pages = {3--29}, address = {Chicago, IL}, publisher = {University of Chicago Press}, } @article{Polak-Bynon1964, author = {Polak-Bynon, Louise}, journal = {Africa-Tervuren}, pages = {63--66}, title = {Lolemi~: un programme de dépouillement de grammaires bantoues}, volume = {10}, year = {1964} } @article{Poulos1984, author = {Poulos, George}, journal = {African Studies}, number = {2}, pages = {241--248}, title = {A typological approach to {Bantu} linguistic studies}, volume = {43}, year = {1984} } @article{Poulos1985, author = {Poulos, George}, journal = {South African Journal of African Languages}, number = {1}, pages = {17--23}, title = {Typological trends in {South}-{Eastern} {Bantu}}, volume = {5}, year = {1985} } @techreport{PrinceSmolensky1993, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, author = {Prince, Alan S. and Paul Smolensky}, institution = {Rutgers Center for Cognitive Science, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey}, title = {Optimality {Theory}: {{C}}onstraint interaction in {Generative Grammar}}, year = {1993} } @incollection{Pylkkänen2000a, author = {Pylkkänen, Liina}, year = {2000}, title = {Deriving adversity}, editor = {Billerey, Roger and Brook D. Lillehaugen}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 19th {West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics}}, pages = {399--410}, address = {Somerville, MA}, publisher = {Cascadilla Press}, } @article{Pylkkänen2000b, author = {Pylkkänen, Liina}, journal = {University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics}, number = {1}, pages = {197–210}, sortname = {Pylkkanen, Liina}, title = {What applicative heads apply to}, volume = {7}, year = {2000} } @book{Pylkkänen2008, address = {Cambridge, MA}, author = {Pylkkänen, Liina}, number = {49}, publisher = {The MIT Press}, series = {Linguistic Inquiry Monographs}, sortname = {Pylkkanen, Liina}, title = {Introducing Arguments}, year = {2008} } @incollection{Rosen1984, author = {Rosen, Carol G.}, year = {1984}, title = {The interface between semantic roles and initial grammatical relations}, editor = {Perlmutter, David M. and Carol G. Rosen}, booktitle = {Studies in Relational Grammar 2}, pages = {38--77}, address = {Chicago, IL}, publisher = {University of Chicago Press}, } @book{Sacleux1939, address = {Paris}, author = {Sacleux, Charles}, number = {36--37}, publisher = {Institut d'ethnologie}, series = {Travaux et mémoires de l'{Institut} d'ethnologie}, title = {Dictionnaire swahili -- français}, year = {1939} } @book{TraugottHeine1991, address = {Amsterdam}, booktitle = {Approaches to Grammaticalization}, editor = {Traugott, Elizabeth C. and Bernd Heine}, number = {19}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, series = {Typological Studies in Language}, title = {Approaches to Grammaticalization}, year = {1991} } @article{VandeVelde2006multifunctional, author = {Van de Velde, Mark}, journal = {Linguistic Typology}, number = {2}, pages = {183--221}, title = {Multifunctional agreement patterns in {Bantu} and the possibility of genderless nouns}, volume = {10}, year = {2006} } @article{VandeVelde2009, author = {Van de Velde, Mark}, journal = {Onoma}, pages = {219--241}, title = {Agreement as a grammatical criterion for proper name status in {Kirundi}}, volume = {44}, year = {2009} } @incollection{Watters2018, author = {Watters, John R.}, year = {2018}, title = {{East Benue-Congo}}, editor = {Watters, John R.}, booktitle = {{East Benue-Congo: N}ouns, pronouns, and verbs}, series = {Niger-Congo Comparative Studies}, number = {1}, pages = {1--25}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Language Science Press}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.1314337}, } @incollection{Weiss2014, author = {Weiss, Michael}, year = {2014}, title = {The comparative method}, editor = {Bowern, Claire and Bethwyn Evans}, booktitle = {The {Routledge} Handbook of Historical Linguistics}, pages = {127--146}, address = {London}, publisher = {Routledge}, } @book{Abega1971, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Abéga, Prosper}, publisher = {Université Fédérale du Cameroun}, sortname = {Abega, Prosper}, title = {Grammaire ewondo}, year = {1971} } @article{Adams1907, author = {Adams, Gustaf A.}, journal = {Mittheilungen des Seminars für Orientalische Sprachen an der Königlichen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin}, number = {3}, pages = {34--83}, title = {Die {Sprache} der {Banôho}}, volume = {10}, year = {1907} } @phdthesis{AndemeAllogo1991, address = {Paris}, author = {{Andeme Allogo}, Marie-France}, school = {Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales}, title = {Morpho-syntaxe du ntumu~: dialecte fang, langue bantu du {Gabon}}, year = {1991} } @phdthesis{Angenot1971, address = {Leiden}, author = {Angenot, Jean-Pierre}, school = {Leiden University}, title = {Aspects de la phonétique et de la morphologie de l'ewondo}, year = {1971} } @book{Ardener1956, address = {London}, author = {Ardener, Edwin}, number = {11}, publisher = {International African Institute}, series = {Ethnographic Survey of Africa: Western Africa}, title = {Coastal {Bantu} of the {Cameroons} (The {Kpe-Mboko}, {Duala-Limba} and {Tanga}-{Yasa} Groups of the {British} and {French} {Trusteeship} {Territories} of the {Cameroons})}, year = {1956} } @book{Atindogbe1996, address = {Cologne}, author = {Atindogbé, Gratien Gualbert}, number = {7}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, series = {Grammatical Analyses of African Languages}, sortname = {Atindogbe, Gratien Gualbert}, title = {Bankon ({A40})~: éléments de phonologie, morphologie et tonologie}, year = {1996} } @article{Bachmann1989, author = {Bachmann, Armin R.}, journal = {Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere}, pages = {23--31}, title = {{Zum `Fortis/Lenis-Kontrast' in den nordwestlichen {Bantu}-{Sprachen}}}, volume = {19}, year = {1989} } @article{Bancel1988, author = {Bancel, Pierre}, journal = {Pholia}, pages = {7--16}, title = {Double reflexes in {Bantu} {A}.70 languages}, volume = {3}, year = {1988} } @book{BatesJohnson1926, edition = {Revised edition, with the vocabulary revised and much enlarged by the author and Silas F. Johnson, M.D.}, author = {Bates, George L. and Silas F. Johnson}, publisher = {Halsey Memorial Press}, title = {Handbook of {{Bulu}}, with {{Bulu}} -- {English} Vocabulary}, address = {Elat, Cameroon}, year = {1926} } @article{Baumann1887-1888, author = {Baumann, Oskar}, title = {{Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Bube-Sprache auf Fernando-Póo}}, journal = {Zeitschrift für afrikanische Sprachen}, pages = {138--155}, volume = {1}, year = {1887--1888} } @article{Beavon1983, author = {Beavon, Keith H.}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {109--136}, title = {A phonology of {Konzime}}, volume = {9}, year = {1983} } @book{Beavon2003, author = {Beavon, Keith H.}, url = {https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/47267}, title = {{Njyem} -- {French} -- {English} Lexicon}, year = {2003}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, address = {Cameroon}, } @techreport{Beavon2005, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Beavon, Keith H.}, institution = {SIL Cameroon}, title = {A Phonology of {Njyem}}, type = {Unpublished ms.}, year = {2005} } @book{Beavon2020, author = {Beavon, Keith H.}, url = {https://www.webonary.org/nzime/}, title = {Dictionnaire nzime}, year = {2020}, publisher = {SIL International}, } @book{BeavonBeavon2018, author = {Beavon, Keith H. and Mary Beavon}, url = {https://www.webonary.org/swo/}, title = {Dictionnaire swo}, year = {2018}, publisher = {SIL International}, } @phdthesis{Bebine2018, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Bébiné, Adriel J.}, school = {University of Yaoundé I}, sortname = {Bebine, Adriel J.}, title = {Description phonologique et morphosyntaxique du nuasúɛ ({A62A})}, year = {2018} } @phdthesis{Belliard2005, address = {Paris}, author = {Belliard, François}, school = {Université Paris 7}, sortname = {Belliard, Francois}, title = {Instruments, chants et performances musicales chez les {Kwakum} de l'arrondissement de {Doume} (est-{Cameroun})~: étude ethnolinguistique de la conception musicale d'une population de langue bantu {A91}}, year = {2005} } @article{Blanchon1991, author = {Blanchon, Jean A.}, journal = {Pholia}, pages = {49--83}, title = {{Le} pounou ({B43}), le mpongwe ({B11a}) et l’hypothèse fortis/lenis}, volume = {6}, year = {1991} } @techreport{Blench2010a, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Blench, Roger M.}, institution = {Kay Williamson Educational Foundation}, title = {{Mangisa} Wordlist}, type = {Unpublished ms.}, url = {https://www.rogerblench.info/Language/Niger-Congo/Bantu/A70/Mangisa/Mangisa%20wordlist.pdf}, year = {2010} } @techreport{Blench2010b, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Blench, Roger M.}, publisher = {Kay Williamson Educational Foundation}, title = {Yasa -- {French} Wordlist}, type = {Unpublished ms.}, url = {https://www.rogerblench.info/Language/Niger-Congo/Bantu/A30/Yasa/Yasa-French%20wordlist.pdf}, year = {2010} } @book{BolekiaBoleka2008, address = {Salamanca}, author = {{Bolekia Boleká}, Justo}, publisher = {Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca}, sortname = {{Bolekia Boleka}, Justo}, title = {Lingüística bantú a través del bubi}, series = {Acta Salmanticensia Estudios filológicos}, number = {321}, year = {2008} } @book{BolekiaBoleka2009, address = {Madrid}, author = {{Bolekia Boleká}, Justo}, publisher = {Akal}, sortname = {{Bolekia Boleka}, Justo}, title = {Diccionario español -- bubi / {Ë} ribúkku ra balláa béböbé -- lëepanná}, year = {2009} } @article{Bostoen2001, author = {Bostoen, Koen}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {2}, pages = {121--146}, title = {Osculance in {Bantu} reconstructions: {{A}} case study of the pair °-kádang-/°-káng- (`fry', `roast') and its historical implications}, volume = {30}, year = {2001} } @phdthesis{Bot1992, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Bôt, Dieudonné Martin Luther}, school = {University of Yaoundé}, sortname = {Bot, Dieudonne M. L.}, title = {Phonologie générative du yasa}, year = {1992} } @article{Botne1992a, author = {Botne, Robert}, journal = {Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere}, pages = {131--148}, title = {Double reflexes in eastern and southern {Bantu}}, volume = {29}, year = {1992} } @article{Botne1992b, author = {Botne, Robert}, journal = {Afrika und Übersee}, number = {2}, pages = {207--225}, title = {Phonemic split in Nɛn ({A44}) -- {{A}} case of tonal conditioning of glottalic {Proto}-{Bantu} consonants}, volume = {75}, year = {1992} } @phdthesis{Bouka1995, address = {Brussels}, author = {Bouka, Léonce-Yembi}, school = {Université libre de Bruxelles}, sortname = {Bouka, Leonce-Yembi}, title = {Structures phonologiques et structures prosodiques~: le modèle bekwel}, year = {1995} } @book{Boyd2009, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Boyd, Virginia}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, title = {Précis d'orthographe de langue numála}, edition = {2nd revised edition}, year = {2009} } @book{Boyd2016a, address = {Dallas, TX}, author = {Boyd, Virginia}, publisher = {SIL International}, title = {Dictionnaire baca -- français}, year = {2016}, url = {https://www.webonary.org/baca/} } @book{Boyd2016b, address = {Dallas, TX}, author = {Boyd, Virginia}, url = {https://www.webonary.org/elip/}, title = {Dictionnaire elip -- français}, year = {2016}, publisher = {SIL International}, } @book{Boyd2016c, address = {Dallas, TX}, author = {Boyd, Virginia}, url = {https://www.webonary.org/mbule/}, title = {Dictionnaire mbule -- français}, publisher = {SIL International}, year = {2016} } @book{Boyd2016d, address = {Dallas, TX}, author = {Boyd, Virginia}, url = {https://www.webonary.org/mmala/}, title = {Dictionnaire mmala -- français}, year = {2016}, publisher = {SIL International}, } @book{Boyd2016e, address = {Dallas, TX}, author = {Boyd, Virginia}, url = {https://www.webonary.org/tuki/}, title = {Dictionnaire tuki -- français}, publisher = {SIL International}, year = {2016} } @book{Boyd2016f, address = {Dallas, TX}, author = {Boyd, Virginia}, url = {https://www.webonary.org/yangben/}, title = {Dictionnaire yangben -- français}, publisher = {SIL International}, year = {2016} } @book{Boyd2019a, address = {Dallas, TX}, author = {Boyd, Virginia}, url = {https://www.webonary.org/gunu/}, title = {Dictionnaire gunu -- français}, publisher = {SIL International}, year = {2019} } @book{Boyd2019b, address = {Dallas, TX}, author = {Boyd, Virginia}, url = {https://www.webonary.org/nen/}, title = {Dictionnaire tunen -- anglais}, publisher = {SIL International}, year = {2019} } @book{Boyd2020, address = {Dallas, TX}, author = {Boyd, Virginia}, publisher = {SIL International}, url = {https://www.webonary.work/yambeta/}, title = {Dictionnaire yambeta -- français}, year = {2020} } @phdthesis{Boyd2015, address = {Leiden}, author = {Boyd, Virginia Lee}, school = {Leiden University}, title = {The Phonological Systems of the {Mbam} Languages of {Cameroon} with a Focus on Vowels and Vowel Harmony}, year = {2015} } @article{Bufe1910-1911, author = {Bufe, E.}, title = {{Die Dualasprache in ihrem Verhältnis zu den Dialekten des Nordgebiets der Station Bombe}}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, number = {1}, pages = {25--36}, volume = {1}, year = {1910--1911} } @phdthesis{Cheucle2014, address = {Lyon}, author = {Cheucle, Marion}, school = {Université Lumière -- Lyon 2}, title = {Étude comparative des langues makaa-njem (bantu {A80})~: phonologie, morphologie, lexique -- {Vers} une reconstruction du proto-{A80}}, year = {2014} } @mastersthesis{Chia1993, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Chia, Agnes F. S.}, school = {University of Yaoundé}, title = {Phonology of {Bubia}}, year = {1993} } @book{Dinkelacker1914, address = {Hamburg}, author = {Dinkelacker, Ernst}, publisher = {L. Friederichsen \& Co. (L. \& R. Friederichsen)}, title = {{Wörterbuch} der {Duala} -- {Sprache}}, series = {Abhandlungen des Hamburgischen Kolonialinstituts. Reihe B. Völkerkunde, Kulturgeschichte und Sprachen}, number = {10}, year = {1914} } @article{Dorsch1911-1912a, author = {Dorsch, Heinrich}, title = {{Vocabularium der Nkosi-Sprache (Kamerun). Teil 1}}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, number = {3}, pages = {161--193}, volume = {2}, year = {1911--1912} } @article{Dorsch1911-1912b, author = {Dorsch, Heinrich}, title = {{Vocabularium der Nkosi-Sprache (Kamerun). Teil 2}}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, number = {4}, pages = {324--330}, volume = {2}, year = {1911--1912} } @article{Dorsch1912-1913, author = {Dorsch, Heinrich}, title = {{Vocabularium der Nkosi-Sprache (Kamerun). Teil 3}}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, number = {1}, pages = {34--62}, volume = {3}, year = {1912--1913} } @incollection{Downing2005, author = {Downing, Laura J.}, year = {2005}, title = {On the ambiguous segmental status of nasals in homorganic {NC} sequences}, editor = {{van Oostendorp}, Marc and Jeroen {van de Weijer}}, booktitle = {The Internal Organization of Phonological Segments}, pages = {183--216}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, } @book{Dugast1967, address = {Paris}, author = {Dugast, Idelette}, number = {2}, publisher = {Librairie C. Klincksieck}, series = {Langues et littératures de l'Afrique noire}, title = {Lexique de la langue tùnen (parler des {Banen} du {Sud-Ouest} du {Cameroun})}, year = {1967} } @book{Dugast1971, address = {Paris}, author = {Dugast, Idelette}, number = {8}, publisher = {Librairie C. Klincksieck}, series = {Langues et littératures de l'{Afrique} noire}, title = {Grammaire du tùnen}, year = {1971} } @book{Ebobisse2015, address = {Frankfurt am Main}, author = {Ebobissé, Carl}, number = {24}, publisher = {Peter Lang}, series = {Schriften zur Afrikanistik / Research in African Studies}, sortname = {Ebobisse, Carl}, title = {Sawabantu: {{{E}}}ine vergleichende {Untersuchung} der {Küstensprachen} {Kameruns} ({Bantu} {A}.20 und {A}.30)}, year = {2015} } @mastersthesis{Edika1990, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Edika, E. Solange F.}, school = {University of Yaoundé}, title = {Esquisse phonologique du bakoko (parler de {Dibombari})}, year = {1990} } @book{Ehret1998, address = {Charlottesville, VA}, author = {Ehret, Christopher}, publisher = {University Press of Virginia}, title = {An {African} Classical Age: {Eastern} and {Southern Africa} in World History, 1000 {BC} to 400 {AD}}, year = {1998} } @incollection{Elimelech1976, author = {Elimelech, Baruch}, year = {1976}, title = {Noun tonology in {Kombe}}, editor = {Hyman, Larry M.}, booktitle = {Studies in {Bantu} Tonology}, series = {Southern California Occasional Papers in Linguistics}, number = {3}, pages = {113--130}, address = {Los Angeles, CA}, publisher = {Department of Linguistics, University of Southern California}, } @book{Ernst1996a, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Ernst, Urs}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, title = {Alphabet et orthographe du {Kakɔ} ({Kakɔ}-est)}, year = {1996} } @book{Ernst1996b, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Ernst, Urs}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, title = {Alphabet et orthographe du mbonjɔɔ (kakɔ-ouest)}, year = {1996} } @book{EwaneEtameHedinger2017, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {{Ewane Etame}, Jean and Robert Hedinger}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, title = {Lexique mkaa' -- français et index français -- mkaa' de {Jean} {Ewane} {Etame}}, edition = {2nd revised edition}, year = {2017} } @book{Fernandez1951, address = {Madrid}, author = {Fernandez, Galilea L.}, publisher = {Instituto de Estudios Africanos}, title = {Diccionario español -- kômbé}, year = {1951} } @book{FestenMurrell2020, author = {Festen, Bradley and Paul Murrell}, url = {https://www.webonary.org/mpyemo/}, publisher = {SIL International}, title = {Dictionnaire mpyemo -- français}, year = {2020} } @incollection{François2014, author = {François, Alexandre}, year = {2014}, title = {Trees, waves and linkages: {Models} of language diversification}, editor = {Bowern, Claire and Bethwyn Evans}, booktitle = {The Routledge Handbook of Historical Linguistics}, pages = {161--189}, address = {London}, publisher = {Routledge}, } @mastersthesis{Friesen2002Dan, author = {Friesen, Dan T.}, address = {Grandforks, ND}, school = {University of North Dakota}, title = {Oroko Orthography Development: {Linguistic} and sociolinguistic factors}, year = {2002} } @book{Galley1964, address = {Neuchâtel}, author = {Galley, Samuel}, publisher = {Éditions Henri Messeiller}, title = {Dictonnaire fang--français et français--fang, suivi d'une grammaire fang}, year = {1964} } @article{Gowlett1989, author = {Gowlett, Derek F.}, journal = {Journal of African Languages and Linguistics}, number = {2}, pages = {127--149}, title = {The parentage and development of {Lozi}}, volume = {11}, year = {1989} } @article{Greenberg1970, author = {Greenberg, Joseph H.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {2}, pages = {123--145}, title = {Some generalizations concerning glottalic consonants, especially implosives}, volume = {36}, year = {1970} } @article{GrégoireDoneux1977, author = {Grégoire, Claire and Jean Léonce Doneux}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {159--199}, sortname = {Gregoire, Claire and Jean Leonce Doneux}, title = {Une séquence vocalique à la finale de quelques thèmes en protobantou}, volume = {7}, year = {1977} } @phdthesis{Grimm2015, address = {Berlin}, author = {Grimm, Nadine}, school = {Humboldt University of Berlin}, title = {A Grammar of {Gyeli}}, year = {2015} } @incollection{Grimm2019, author = {Grimm, Nadine}, year = {2019}, title = {Implosives in {Bantu} {A80}? {T}he case of {Gyeli}}, editor = {Clem, Emily and Peter Jenks and Hannah Sande}, booktitle = {Theory and Description in {African} Linguistics: {S}elected Papers from the 47th {Annual Conference on African Linguistics}}, series = {Contemporary African Linguistics}, number = {4}, pages = {135--153}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Language Science Press}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.3367134}, } @incollection{GuarismaPaulian1986, author = {Guarisma, Gladys and Christiane Paulian}, year = {1986}, title = {Dialectométrie lexicale de quelques parlers bantous de la zone {A}}, editor = {Guarisma, Gladys and Wilhelm J. G. Möhlig}, booktitle = {La méthode dialectométrique appliquée aux langues africaines}, pages = {93--176}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Dietrich Reimer}, } @book{Guthrie1970a, address = {Farnborough}, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, publisher = {Gregg International}, title = {Comparative {{Bantu}}: {{A}}n introduction to the comparative linguistics and prehistory of the {{Bantu}} languages. {Part II, Volume 3: A} catalogue of {Common Bantu} with commentary}, year = {1970} } @book{Guthrie1970b, address = {Farnborough}, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, publisher = {Gregg International}, title = {Comparative {{Bantu}}: {{A}}n introduction to the comparative linguistics and prehistory of the {{Bantu}} languages. {Part II, Volume 4}: {A} catalogue of {Common Bantu} with commentary (continued)}, year = {1970} } @article{Hagege1967, author = {Hagège, Claude}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, number = {2}, pages = {15--34}, sortname = {Hagege, Claude}, title = {Description phonologique du parler wori (sud-ouest du {Cameroun})}, volume = {4}, year = {1967} } @article{Halle1997, author = {Halle, Morris}, journal = {Language}, number = {2}, pages = {275--313}, title = {On stress and accent in {Indo}-{European}}, volume = {73}, year = {1997} } @incollection{Hammarström2019, author = {Hammarström, Harald}, year = {2019}, title = {An inventory of {Bantu} languages}, editor = {Van de Velde, Mark and Koen Bostoen and Derek Nurse and Gérard Philippson}, booktitle = {The {Bantu} Languages}, edition = {2}, series = {Routledge Language Family Series}, pages = {17--78}, address = {Milton Park, Abingdon}, publisher = {Routledge}, } @book{HeathHeath1982, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Heath, Daniel and Teresa Heath}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, title = {A Phonology of the {Məkaá} Language}, year = {1982} } @article{Hedinger1985, author = {Hedinger, Robert}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {1}, pages = {1--55}, title = {The verb in {Akɔɔse}}, volume = {16}, year = {1985} } @book{HedingerHedinger1977, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Hedinger, Robert and Sylvia Hedinger}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Phonology of {Akɔ́ɔ̄sɛ̄} ({Bakossi})}, year = {1977} } @article{Hombert1991, author = {Hombert, Jean-Marie}, journal = {Pholia}, pages = {145--153}, title = {Quelques critères de classification des parlers fang}, volume = {6}, year = {1991} } @incollection{Honeybone2008, author = {Honeybone, Patrick}, year = {2008}, title = {Lenition, weakening and consonantal strength: {Tracing} concepts through the history of phonology}, editor = {{Brandão de Carvalho}, Joaquim and Tobias Scheer and Philippe Ségéral}, booktitle = {Lenition and Fortition}, series = {Studies in Generative Grammar}, number = {99}, pages = {9--92}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, } @article{Hyman2001, author = {Hyman, Larry M.}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {2}, pages = {147--170}, title = {Vowel harmony in {Gunu}}, volume = {30}, year = {2001} } @incollection{Hyman2013, author = {Hyman, Larry M.}, year = {2013}, title = {Penultimate lengthening in {Bantu}: {Analysis} and spread}, editor = {Bickel, Balthasar and Lenore A. Grenoble and David A. Peterson and Alan Timberlake}, booktitle = {Language Typology and Historical Contingency}, series = {Typological Studies in Language}, number = {104}, pages = {309--330}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, } @incollection{Hyman2019, author = {Hyman, Larry M.}, year = {2019}, title = {Segmental phonology}, editor = {Van de Velde, Mark and Koen Bostoen and Derek Nurse and Gérard Philippson}, booktitle = {The {Bantu} Languages}, edition = {2}, series = {Routledge Language Family Series}, pages = {128--149}, address = {Milton Park, Abingdon}, publisher = {Routledge}, } @incollection{HymanBiloa1992, author = {Hyman, Larry M. and Edmond Biloa}, year = {1992}, title = {Transparent low tone in {Tuki}}, editor = {Buszard-Welcher, Laura A. and Jonathan Evans and David Peterson and Lionel Wee and William Weigel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Eighteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society: Special Session on the Typology of Tone Languages}}, pages = {104--127}, address = {Berkeley, CA}, publisher = {Berkeley Linguistics Society, University of California}, } @incollection{HymanMerrill2016, author = {Hyman, Larry M. and John Merrill}, year = {2016}, title = {Morphology, irregularity, and {Bantu} frication: {The} case of {Lulamogi}}, editor = {Léonard, Jean Léo}, booktitle = {Actualités des Néogrammariens}, series = {Mémoires de la Société de Linguistique de Paris, Nouvelle Série}, number = {23}, pages = {139--157}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Peeters}, } @book{Isaac2014, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Isaac, Kendall M.}, number = {581}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, series = {ALCAM}, title = {Noun Classes in {Lefa}}, year = {2014} } @book{Jacquot1983, address = {Paris}, author = {Jacquot, André}, number = {157}, publisher = {Éditions de l'Office de la recherche scientifique et technique outre-mer}, series = {Travaux et documents de l'ORSTOM}, sortname = {Jacquot, Andre}, title = {Les classes nominales dans les langues bantoues des groupes {B}.10, {B}.20 et {B}.30 ({Gabon}-{Congo})}, year = {1983} } @article{Janssens1986, author = {Janssens, Baudouin}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {147--211}, title = {Eléments de phonologie et de morphologie historique du basaa (bantou {A43a})}, volume = {10}, year = {1986} } @article{Janssens1991, author = {Janssens, Baudouin}, journal = {Pholia}, pages = {155--180}, title = {Doubles réflexes apparents en ewondo ou les chassés-croisés de la dérivation}, volume = {6}, year = {1991} } @book{Kagaya1992, address = {Tokyo}, author = {Kagaya, Ryohei}, number = {8}, publisher = {Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies}, series = {Bantu Vocabulary Series}, title = {A Classified Vocabulary of the {Bakueri} Language}, year = {1992} } @article{Kelly1974, author = {Kelly, John}, journal = {Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies}, number = {1}, pages = {119--123}, title = {Close vowels in {Fang}}, volume = {37}, year = {1974} } @phdthesis{KouohMboundja2004, address = {Lausanne}, author = {{Kouoh Mboundja}, Christian Josué}, school = {University of Lausanne}, sortname = {{Kouoh Mboundja}, Christian Josue}, title = {Bàlòŋ (bantu {A13})~: description phonologique et morphologique}, year = {2004} } @techreport{Lamberty2002, address = {Dallas, TX}, author = {Lamberty, Melinda}, institution = {SIL International}, title = {A Rapid Appraisal Survey of the {Abo} and {Barombi} Speech Communities. {South West and Littoral Provinces, Cameroon}}, year = {2002}, number = {Journal of Language Survey Reports 2002-075}, type = {Survey report} } @book{Lovestrand2011, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Lovestrand, Joseph}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, title = {Notes on {Nyokon} Phonology ({Bantu} {A}.45, {Cameroon})}, year = {2011} } @book{Maddieson1984, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Maddieson, Ian}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {Patterns of Sounds}, series = {{Cambridge} Studies in Speech Science and Communication}, year = {1984} } @incollection{Maho2003, author = {Maho, Jouni F.}, year = {2003}, title = {A Classification of the {Bantu} Languages: {An} update of {Guthrie}'s referential system}, editor = {Nurse, Derek and Gérard Philippson}, booktitle = {The {Bantu} Languages}, series = {Language Family Series}, number = {4}, pages = {639--651}, address = {London}, publisher = {Routledge}, } @book{MathausAnderson2010, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Mathaus, Njeck and Stephen C. Anderson}, publisher = {Cameroon Association for Bible Translation and Literacy}, title = {Bakoko Orthography Guide}, year = {2010} } @phdthesis{MedjoMve1997, address = {Lyon}, author = {{Medjo Mvé}, Pither}, school = {Université Lumière -- Lyon 2}, sortname = {{Medjo Mve}, Pither}, title = {Essai sur la phonologie panchronique des parlers fang du {Gabon} et ses implications historiques}, year = {1997} } @incollection{MedjoMve2008, author = {{Medjo Mvé}, Pither}, year = {2008}, title = {Les kakɔ et le kakɔ de la région de {Bitam}, données préliminaires sur une communauté et une langue du {Gabon} peu connues}, editor = {Idiata, Daniel F.}, booktitle = {Éléments de description des langues du {Gabon}}, volume = {2}, series = {Collections sciences humaines et sociales}, pages = {69--104}, address = {Libreville}, publisher = {Les Éditions du Cenarest}, } @article{Meeussen1976, author = {Meeussen, Achiel Emiel}, journal = {African Languages / Langues Africaines}, pages = {60--70}, title = {Notes on tone in {Bantu} nominal stems}, volume = {2}, year = {1976} } @article{Meinhof1889-1890, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, title = {{Das Verbum in der Isubu-Sprache: Versuch einer grammatischen Darstellung}}, journal = {Zeitschrift für afrikanische Sprachen}, pages = {206--234}, volume = {3}, year = {1889--1890} } @phdthesis{Mekina2012, address = {Nancy}, author = {Mékina, Émilienne-Nadège}, school = {University of Lorraine}, sortname = {Mekina, Emilienne-Nadege}, title = {Description du fang-nzaman, langue bantoue du {Gabon}~: phonologie et classes nominales}, year = {2012} } @unpublished{MickalaManfoumbi2005, author = {{Mickala Manfoumbi}, Roger}, title = {Vocabulaire seki}, note = {Unpublished ms.}, year = {2005} } @article{Möhlig1976, author = {Möhlig, Wilhelm J. G.}, journal = {Anthropos: Internationale Zeitschrift für Völker- und Sprachenkunde}, number = {5--6}, pages = {673--715}, sortname = {Mohlig, Wilhelm J. G.}, title = {Guthries {Beitrag} zur {Bantuistik} aus heutiger {Sicht}}, volume = {71}, year = {1976} } @book{MongoBolioki2012, address = {Bafia}, author = {Mongo, Raoul and Léonard-Albert Bolioki}, publisher = {YALICO}, sortname = {Mongo, Raoul and Leonard-Albert Bolioki}, title = {Kálata' ɛ kəə́bə́ə kó kaakan tufuu tó yaŋpɛdá 1 / {Syllabaire} en langue yambeta 1}, edition = {2nd revised edition}, year = {2012} } @mastersthesis{Monikang1989, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Monikang, Evelyn Neh}, school = {University of Yaoundé}, title = {Phonology of {Mokpwe}}, year = {1989} } @book{Nassau1892, address = {New York, NY}, author = {Nassau, Robert H.}, publisher = {American Tract Society}, title = {Mackey's Grammar of the {Benga}-{Bantu} Language}, year = {1892} } @incollection{Nida1964, author = {Nida, Eugene A.}, year = {1964}, title = {What is Phonemics?}, editor = {Smalley, William A.}, booktitle = {Orthography Studies: {Articles} on new writing systems}, pages = {18--21}, address = {London}, publisher = {United Bible Societies}, } @book{Njock2005, author = {Njock, Pierre E.}, url = {https://www.webonary.org/basaa/}, title = {Dictionnaire ɓàsàa -- français -- anglais -- allemand}, publisher = {SIL International}, year = {2005} } @book{NomaandeEtAl2003, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {{Nomaande Language Committee} and Terri R. Scruggs and Carolyn Taylor and Patricia Wilkendorf}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, title = {Nomaande -- {French} Lexicon}, year = {2003} } @incollection{Nsuka-Nkutsi1980, author = {Nsuka-Nkutsi, François}, year = {1980}, title = {Quelques réflexes du proto-bantou en punu}, editor = {Nsuka-Nkutsi, François}, booktitle = {Eléments de description du punu}, series = {Linguistique et sémiologie. Travaux du centre de recherches linguistiques et sémiologiques de Lyon}, pages = {129--178}, address = {Lyon}, publisher = {Université Lumière -- Lyon 2}, } @incollection{NursePhilippson1980a, author = {Nurse, Derek and Gérard Philippson}, year = {1980}, title = {The {Bantu} languages of {East Africa: A} lexicostatistical survey}, editor = {Polomé, Edgar C. and Charles P. Hill}, booktitle = {Language in {Tanzania}}, pages = {26--67}, address = {London}, publisher = {Oxford University Press (for the International African Institute)}, } @incollection{NursePhilipson1980b, author = {Nurse, Derek and Gérard Philippson}, year = {1980}, title = {Historical implications of the language map of {East Africa}}, editor = {Bouquiaux, Luc}, booktitle = {L'expansion bantoue~: actes du colloque international du {CNRS}, {Viviers (France)} -- 4--16 avril 1977}, volume = {3}, series = {Société d'études linguistiques et anthropologiques de {France}, Numéro spécial}, number = {9}, pages = {685--714}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {SELAF}, } @phdthesis{OllomoElla2013, address = {Paris}, author = {{Ollomo Ella}, Régis}, school = {Université Sorbonne Nouvelle -- Paris 3}, sortname = {{Ollomo Ella}, Regis}, title = {Description linguistique du shiwa, langue bantu du {Gabon}~: phonologie, morphologie, syntaxe, lexique}, year = {2013} } @book{PatmanRobinson1989, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Patman, Keith E. and Clinton D. W. Robinson}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, title = {Règles d'orthographe pour la langue nugunu}, year = {1989} } @incollection{Paulian1971, author = {Paulian, Christiane}, year = {1971}, title = {Esquisse phonologique du duala ({République Fédérale du Cameroun})}, editor = {Jacquot, André and Christiane Paulian and Yves Monino and Paulette Roulon-Doko}, booktitle = {Etudes bantoues, {Tome I}}, series = {Société d'études linguistiques et anthropologiques de France}, number = {25}, pages = {53--88}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {SELAF}, } @book{Paulian1975, address = {Paris}, author = {Paulian, Christiane}, number = {49--50}, publisher = {SELAF}, series = {Société d'études linguistiques et anthropologiques de France}, title = {{Le} kukuya, langue teke du {Congo}~: phonologie -- classes nominales}, year = {1975} } @incollection{Paulian1986, author = {Paulian, Christiane}, year = {1986}, title = {Les parlers yambasa du {Cameroun} ({Bantou A.} 62), dialectométrie lexicale}, editor = {Guarisma, Gladys and Wilhelm J. G. Möhlig}, booktitle = {La méthode dialectométrique appliquée aux langues africaines}, pages = {243--279}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Dietrich Reimer}, } @book{Perrin1986, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Perrin, Mona}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, title = {Report on a brief study of {Balom}}, year = {1986} } @phdthesis{Philippson1991, address = {Paris}, author = {Philippson, Gérard}, school = {Université Paris V `René Descartes'}, sortname = {Philippson, Gerard}, title = {Tons et accent dans les langues bantu d’afrique orientale~: étude comparative typologique et diachronique}, year = {1991} } @unpublished{Philippson2018, author = {Philippson, Gérard}, title = {Where exactly does {Bobe (A31)} fit in the {Bantu} genealogy?}, year = {2018}, note = {{{P}}aper presented at the 48th {Colloquium on {African} Languages and Linguistics}, {Leiden} {University}, 30 {August} -- 1 {September} 2018}, } @book{Prittie2002, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Prittie, Rebecca}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, title = {Grammar Sketch of {Nulibie}}, year = {2002} } @unpublished{Puech1989a, author = {Puech, Gilbert}, note = {Paper presented at the 19th Colloquium on African Languages and Linguistics, Leiden University}, title = {L'opposition implosives/mi-voisées en bekwel}, year = {1989} } @article{Puech1989b, author = {Puech, Gilbert}, journal = {Pholia}, pages = {217--227}, title = {Les constituants suprasyllabiques en ʃíwə́ (bantu {A}-80)}, volume = {4}, year = {1989} } @unpublished{PuechND, author = {Puech, Gilbert}, year = {S.d.}, title = {Seki Vocabulary}, note = {Unpublished ms.}, } @article{Pullum1976, author = {Pullum, Geoffrey K.}, journal = {Journal of Linguistics}, number = {1}, pages = {83--102}, title = {The {Duke} of {York} gambit}, volume = {12}, year = {1976} } @book{Richardson1957, address = {London}, author = {Richardson, Irvine}, publisher = {Oxford University Press (for the International African Institute)}, title = {Linguistic Survey of the {Northern} {Bantu} Borderland}, volume = {2}, year = {1957} } @article{RicquierBostoen2008, author = {Ricquier, Birgit and Koen Bostoen}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {109--149}, title = {Resolving phonological variability in {Bantu} lexical reconstructions: {{T}}he case of ‘to bake in ashes’}, volume = {14}, year = {2008} } @incollection{Rurangwa1989, author = {Rurangwa, Innocent M.}, year = {1989}, title = {Enquête linguistique sur le bubi, langue bantu insulaire de {Guinée Equatoriale}~: phonologie et système des classes}, editor = {Obenga, Théophile}, booktitle = {Les peuples bantu~: migrations, expansion et identité culturelle}, pages = {77--100}, address = {Libreville; Paris}, publisher = {Ciciba; L’Harmattan}, } @incollection{Stewart1973, author = {Stewart, John M.}, year = {1973}, title = {The lenis stops of the {Potou Lagoon} languages and their significance for pre-{Bantu} reconstruction}, editor = {Kropp Dakubu, Mary E.}, booktitle = {Papers in {Ghanaian} Linguistics}, series = {Transactions of the Linguistic Circle of Accra}, number = {2}, pages = {1--49}, address = {Legon}, publisher = {Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana}, } @incollection{Stewart1975, author = {Stewart, John M.}, year = {1975}, title = {Lenis stops and the origins of {Volta-Comoe} consonant mutation}, editor = {Herbert, Robert K.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Sixth Conference on African Linguistics, held at the Ohio State University, Columbus, April} 12--13, 1975}, series = {Working Papers in Linguistics}, number = {20}, pages = {16--31}, address = {Columbus, OH}, publisher = {Department of Linguistics, Ohio State University}, } @article{Stewart1983, author = {Stewart, John M.}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, number = {1}, pages = {19--36}, title = {The high unadvanced vowels of proto-{Tano}-{Congo}}, volume = {13}, year = {1983} } @article{Stewart1989, author = {Stewart, John M.}, journal = {Journal of African Languages and Linguistics}, number = {1}, pages = {45--88}, title = {Fortis/lenis and vowel length in {Proto}-{Bantu}}, volume = {11}, year = {1989} } @article{Stewart1993, author = {Stewart, John M.}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, number = {1}, pages = {3--39}, title = {The second {Tano} consonant shift and its likeness to {Grimm}'s Law}, volume = {23}, year = {1993} } @article{Stewart2002, author = {Stewart, John M.}, journal = {Journal of African Languages and Linguistics}, number = {2}, pages = {197--224}, title = {The potential of {Proto-Potou-Akanic}-{Bantu} as a pilot {Proto}-{Niger}-{Congo}, and the reconstructions updated}, volume = {23}, year = {2002} } @article{StewartVanLeynseele1979, author = {Stewart, John M. and Helene {Van Leynseele}}, journal = {Journal of African Languages and Linguistics}, number = {1}, pages = {31--54}, title = {Underlying cross-height vowel harmony in {Nen} ({Bantu} {A}.44)}, volume = {1}, year = {1979} } @article{Teil-Dautrey1991a, author = {Teil-Dautrey, Gisèle}, journal = {Pholia}, pages = {181--190}, sortname = {Teil-Dautrey, Gisele}, title = {Conditionnement tonal de certains ``doubles réflexes'' en basaa ({A} 43a)}, volume = {6}, year = {1991} } @mastersthesis{Teil-Dautrey1991b, address = {Lyon}, author = {Teil-Dautrey, Gisèle}, school = {Université Lumière -- Lyon 2}, sortname = {Teil-Dautrey, Gisele}, title = {Evolution phonétique d'une langue bantoue du nord-ouest~: le ɓàsàá {A}.43a}, year = {1991} } @article{ThornellNagano-Madsen2004, author = {Thornell, Christina and Yasuko Nagano-Madsen}, journal = {Africa \& Asia}, pages = {163--180}, title = {Preliminaries to the phonetic structure of the {Bantu} language {Mpiemo}}, volume = {4}, year = {2004} } @book{Tsala1956, address = {Lyon}, author = {Tsala, Théodore}, publisher = {Emmanuel Vitte}, sortname = {Tsala, Theodore}, title = {Dictionnaire ewondo -- français}, year = {1956} } @incollection{VanLeynseeleStewart1980, author = {{Van Leynseele}, Helene and John M. Stewart}, year = {1980}, title = {Harmonie consonantique en pré-nen}, editor = {Bouquiaux, Luc}, booktitle = {L'expansion bantoue~: actes du colloque international du {CNRS, Viviers (France)} -- 4--16 avril 1977}, volume = {2}, series = {Société d'études linguistiques et anthropologiques de France, Numéro special}, number = {9}, pages = {387--400}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {SELAF}, } @article{Wang1969, author = {Wang, William S-Y}, journal = {Language}, number = {1}, pages = {9--25}, title = {Competing changes as a cause of residue}, volume = {45}, year = {1969} } @book{WegaSimeu2016, address = {Cologne}, author = {{Wéga Simeu}, Abraham}, number = {51}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, series = {Grammatical Analyses of African Languages}, sortname = {Wega Simeu, Abraham}, title = {Grammaire descriptive du pólrì~: éléments de phonologie, morphologie et syntaxe}, year = {2016} } @article{YatesZukoff2018, author = {Yates, Anthony D. and Sam Zukoff}, journal = {Synchrony and diachrony. Indo-European Linguistics}, number = {1}, pages = {201--270}, title = {The phonology of {Anatolian} reduplication}, volume = {6}, year = {2018} } @incollection{Yukawa1992, author = {Yukawa, Yasutoshi}, year = {1992}, title = {A tonological study of {Yambasa} verbs}, editor = {Kagaya, Ryohei}, booktitle = {Studies in {Cameroonian} and {Zairean} Languages}, series = {Bantu Linguistics}, number = {3}, pages = {1--46}, address = {Tokyo}, publisher = {Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies}, } @book{Aaron1999, address = {Dallas, TX}, author = {Aaron, Uche E.}, number = {128}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics and University of Texas at Arlington}, series = {SIL International Publications in Linguistics}, title = {Tense and Aspect in {Obolo}: {{G}}rammar and discourse}, year = {1999} } @book{AkumbuChibaka2012, address = {Cologne}, author = {Akumbu, Pius W. and Evelyn Fogwe Chibaka}, number = {42}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, series = {Grammatical Analyses of African Languages}, title = {A Pedagogic Grammar of {Babanki} -- a {Grassfields} language of northwest {Cameroon}}, year = {2012} } @article{AkumbuEtAl2019, author = {Akumbu, Pius W. and Larry M. Hyman and Roland Kieβling}, journal = {UC Berkeley Phonetics and Phonology Lab Annual Report}, pages = {57--89}, sortname = {Akumbu, Pius W. and Larry M. Hyman and Roland Kieβling}, title = {The segmental and tonal structure of verb inflection in {Babanki}}, volume = {15}, year = {2019} } @incollection{Anderson1979, author = {Anderson, Stephen C.}, year = {1979}, title = {Verb structure}, editor = {Hyman, Larry M.}, booktitle = {Aghem Grammatical Structure}, series = {Southern California Occasional Papers in Linguistics}, number = {7}, pages = {73--136}, address = {Los Angeles, CA}, publisher = {University of Southern California}, } @phdthesis{Anderson1983, address = {Los Angeles, CA}, author = {Anderson, Stephen C.}, school = {University of Southern California}, title = {Tone and Morpheme Rules in {Bamileke-Ngyemboon}}, year = {1983} } @book{Asoshi2015, address = {Cologne}, author = {Asoshi, Melvice}, number = {52}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, series = {Grammatical Analyses of African Languages}, title = {Structural and Typological Approaches to {Obang} Grammar -- a {Grassfields} {Bantu} language of {Cameroon}}, year = {2015} } @book{Bastin1975, address = {Tervuren}, author = {Bastin, Yvonne}, number = {24}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, series = {Archives d’anthropologie}, title = {{Bibliographie} bantoue sélective}, year = {1975} } @article{Bastin1989a, author = {Bastin, Yvonne}, journal = {Estudios Africanos}, number = {6}, pages = {35--54}, title = {El prefijo locativo de la clase 18 y la expresión del progresivo presente en {Bantú, Parte} 1}, volume = {4}, year = {1989} } @article{Bastin1989b, author = {Bastin, Yvonne}, journal = {Estudios Africanos}, number = {7}, pages = {61--86}, title = {El prefijo locativo de la clase 18 y la expresión del progresivo presente en {Bantú, Parte} 2}, volume = {4}, year = {1989} } @article{Bastin1994, author = {Bastin, Yvonne}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {1--8}, title = {Essai d’analyse des formatifs de type -a- en bantou central}, volume = {11}, year = {1994} } @book{Bendor-SamuelHartell1989, address = {Lanham, MD}, author = {Bendor-Samuel, John T. and Rhonda L. Hartell}, publisher = {University Press of America}, title = {The {Niger}-{Congo} Languages: {{A}} classification and description of {Africa}'s largest language family}, year = {1989} } @unpublished{BlenchWilliamson1987, author = {Blench, Roger M. and Kay Williamson}, title = {`New' {Bantoid}}, note = {Unpublished ms.}, year = {1987} } @incollection{Botne1999, author = {Botne, Robert}, year = {1999}, title = {Future and distal -ka-’s: {Proto-Bantu} or nascent form(s)?}, editor = {Hombert, Jean-Marie and Larry M. Hyman}, booktitle = {Bantu Historical Linguistics: {Theoretical} and empirical perspectives}, series = {CSLI Lecture Notes}, number = {99}, pages = {473--515}, address = {Stanford, CA}, publisher = {Center for the Study of Language and Information}, } @unpublished{Botne2020, author = {Botne, Robert}, note = {Unpublished ms.}, title = {The Evolution of Tense Systems in {Bamileke (Bantoid)} Languages}, year = {2020} } @unpublished{Connell2019, author = {Connell, Bruce}, note = {Paper presented at the 50th Annual Conference on African Linguistics, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, 22--25 May 2019}, title = {Tense and/or aspect in {Mambila}}, year = {2019} } @article{EbarbMarlo2015, author = {Ebarb, Kristopher J. and Michael R. Marlo}, journal = {Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies}, number = {3}, pages = {373--390}, title = {Vowel length (in)sensitivity in {Luyia} morphophonology}, volume = {33}, year = {2015} } @phdthesis{Fransen1995, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Fransen, Margo Astrid Eleonora}, school = {Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam}, title = {A Grammar of {Limbum}: {{A}} {Grassfields} {Bantu} language spoken in the {North}-{West} province of {Cameroon}}, year = {1995} } @incollection{GrollemundEtAlForthcoming, author = {Grollemund, Rebecca and Simon Branford and Jean-Marie Hombert and John R. Watters}, year = {Forthcoming}, title = {Towards a new phylogenetic classification of Bantoid languages}, editor = {Watters, John R.}, booktitle = {{East Benue-Congo}: {Bantoid} classification, {Mambiloid}, {Cross River}}, series = {Niger-Congo Comparative Studies}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Language Science Press}, } @article{Guthrie1968, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, journal = {Journal of African Languages}, number = {2}, pages = {101--129}, title = {Notes on {Nzɛbi} ({Gabon})}, volume = {7}, year = {1968} } @book{HarroHaynes1991, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Harro, Gretchen and Nancy R. Haynes}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, title = {Grammar Sketch of {Yemba}}, year = {1991} } @book{HedingerEtAl1981, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Hedinger, Robert and Joseph Ekandjoum and Sylvia Hedinger}, publisher = {Association des étudiants mboó de l’Université de Yaoundé}, title = {Petite grammaire de la langue mboó}, year = {1981} } @book{HewsonBubenik1997, address = {Amsterdam}, booktitle = {Tense and Aspect in {Indo}-{European} Languages: {{T}}heory, typology, diachrony}, editor = {Hewson, John and Vit Bubenik}, number = {145}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, series = {Current Issues in Linguistic Theory}, title = {Tense and Aspect in {Indo}-{European} Languages: {{T}}heory, typology, diachrony}, year = {1997} } @article{Hyman1980, author = {Hyman, Larry M.}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {2}, pages = {227--237}, title = {Relative time reference in the {Bamileke} tense system}, volume = {11}, year = {1980} } @phdthesis{Lovegren2013, address = {New York, NY}, author = {Lovegren, Jesse Stuart James}, school = {University at Buffalo, State University of New York}, title = {Mungbam Grammar}, year = {2013} } @phdthesis{Magba1995, address = {London}, author = {Magba, Elizabeth Ann}, school = {School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London}, title = {The {INFL} Constituent in the {Mundani} Language}, year = {1995} } @book{McClean2014, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {McClean, Greg L.}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, title = {A Sketch Grammar of the {Central} {Mfumte} Language}, year = {2014} } @phdthesis{Mfonyam1989, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Mfonyam, Joseph Ngwa}, school = {University of Yaoundé}, title = {Tone in Orthography: {{T}}he case of {Bafut} and related languages}, year = {1989} } @phdthesis{Nchare2012, address = {New York, NY}, author = {Nchare, Abdoulaye Laziz}, school = {New York University}, title = {The Grammar of {Shupamem}}, year = {2012} } @phdthesis{Ndedje2013, author = {Ndedje, René}, year = {2013}, title = {Phonologie, morphologie, syntaxe et classification du ndemli}, address = {Yaoundé}, school = {University of Yaoundé I}, } @book{Nurse2019, address = {Tervuren}, author = {Nurse, Derek}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, title = {Data for Tense and Aspect Systems in {Bantu}}, series = {Documents on Social Sciences and {Humanities}}, url = {https://www.africamuseum.be/sites/default/files/media/docs/research/publications/rmca/online/documents-social-sciences-humanities/D.%20Nurse%20Data%20for%20tense%20and%20aspects%20def.pdf}, year = {2019} } @incollection{Parker1991, author = {Parker, Elizabeth Ann}, year = {1991}, title = {Conditionals in {Mundani}}, editor = {Anderson, Stephen C. and Bernard Comrie}, booktitle = {Tense and Aspect in Eight Languages of {Cameroon}}, series = {SIL International Publications in Linguistics}, number = {99}, pages = {165--187}, address = {Dallas, TX}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics and University of Texas at Arlington}, } @incollection{Paterson2015, author = {Paterson, Rebecca}, year = {2015}, title = {Narrative uses of the {U̱t-Ma'in (Kainji)} bare verb form}, editor = {Payne, Doris L. and Shahar Shirtz}, booktitle = {Beyond Aspect: {The} expression of discourse functions in {African} languages}, series = {Typological Studies in Language}, number = {109}, pages = {219--248}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, } @mastersthesis{Perrin1972, address = {Reading}, author = {Perrin, Mona}, school = {University of Reading}, title = {Transitivity in {Mambila}}, year = {1972} } @article{Piron1995, author = {Piron, Pascale}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, number = {2}, pages = {3--39}, title = {Identification lexicostatistique des groupes bantoïdes stables}, volume = {25}, year = {1995} } @book{Satre2004, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Satre, Scott A.}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, title = {Structure of the Verb Phrase in {Ngomba}}, year = {2004} } @unpublished{SchaeferEgbokhare2021, author = {Schaefer, Ronald P. and Francis O. Egbokhare}, note = {Paper presented at the 8th International Conference on Bantu Languages, University of Essex, June 2--4, 2021}, title = {Dual exponents of anteriority in {Bantu} and beyond}, year = {2021} } @book{Schaub1985, address = {London}, author = {Schaub, Willi}, publisher = {Croom Helm}, title = {Babungo}, series = {{Croom} Helm Descriptive Grammars}, year = {1985} } @book{Shultz1997, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Shultz, George}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, title = {{Kom} Language Grammar Sketch, {Part} 1}, year = {1997} } @article{Sonkoue2020a, author = {Sonkoue, Eliane Kamdem}, journal = {Journal of {African} Languages and Literatures}, pages = {26--61}, title = {What grammar for {Bamileke} languages? {A} common grammar or a ‘library’ of grammars?}, volume = {1}, year = {2020} } @phdthesis{Sonkoue2020b, address = {Bayreuth}, author = {Sonkoue, Eliane Meli Epse Kamdem}, school = {University of Bayreuth}, title = {Tense-Aspect Categories and Standard Negation in Five {Bamileke} Languages of {Cameroon}: {{A}} descriptive and comparative study}, year = {2020} } @article{Sonkoue2019, author = {Sonkoue, Eliane Kamdem}, journal = {Nordic Journal of African Studies}, number = {3}, pages = {1--17}, title = {Mengaka tense-aspect system}, volume = {28}, year = {2019} } @article{ThwingWatters1987, author = {Thwing, Rhonda and John R. Watters}, journal = {Journal of African Languages and Linguistics}, number = {2}, pages = {95--121}, title = {Focus in {Vute}}, volume = {9}, year = {1987} } @unpublished{Watters1980, author = {Watters, John R.}, note = {Unpublished ms.}, title = {Notes on {Ngie}}, year = {1980} } @incollection{Watters2003, author = {Watters, John R.}, year = {2003}, title = {The {Grassfields} languages}, editor = {Nurse, Derek and Gérard Philippson}, booktitle = {The {Bantu} Languages}, series = {Language Family Series}, number = {4}, pages = {225--256}, address = {London}, publisher = {Routledge}, } @unpublished{Watters2012, note = {Paper presented at the International Congress “Towards Proto-Niger-Congo: Comparison and Reconstruction”, LLACAN, Paris, 18--21 September 2012}, author = {Watters, John R.}, title = {Towards the reconstruction of the tense-aspect-mood ({TAM}) system in early {Bantoid}, with particular attention to the category “tense”}, year = {2012} } @incollection{Watters2017, author = {Watters, John R.}, year = {2017}, title = {Tone in {Western Ejagham (Etung): Lexical} tone on verbs with the perfective constituent focus suffix}, editor = {Atindogbé, Gratien Gualbert and Evelyn Fogwe Chibaka}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 7th {World Congress of African Linguistics, Buea, 17--21 August} 2012}, pages = {930--947}, address = {Bamenda}, publisher = {Langaa Research and Publishing Common Initiative Group}, } @incollection{Watters2018b, author = {Watters, John R.}, year = {2018}, title = {Ejagham without tense: {Historical} implications for {Proto-Bantoid}}, editor = {Buckley, Eugene and Thera M. Crane and Jeff Good}, booktitle = {Revealing Structure: {Papers} in honor of {Larry M. Hyman}}, series = {CSLI Lecture Notes}, number = {219}, pages = {252--265}, address = {Stanford, CA}, publisher = {Center for the Study of Language and Information}, } @unpublished{Watters2018c, author = {Watters, John R.}, note = {Paper presented at the International Conference on ``Reconstructing Proto-Bantu Grammar'', Ghent University, 19--23 November 2018.}, title = {Proto-{Bantu} tense from a {Benue-}{Congo} perspective}, year = {2018} } @unpublished{Watters2019, author = {Watters, John R.}, note = {Paper presented at the 50th Annual Conference on African Linguistics, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, 22--25 May 2019.}, title = {Proto-{Bantu} tense from a {Benue-}{Congo} perspective}, year = {2019} } @book{Adam1954, address = {Montpellier}, author = {Adam, Jean-Jérôme}, number = {6}, publisher = {Imprimerie Charité}, series = {Mémoires de l'Institut d'études centrafricaines}, sortname = {Adam, Jean-Jerome}, title = {Grammaire composée~: mbede, ndumu, duma}, year = {1954} } @article{Atindogbe2013, author = {Atindogbé, Gratien Gualbert}, journal = {African Study Monographs, Supplementary Issue}, pages = {5--163}, sortname = {Atindogbe, Gratien Gualbert}, title = {A grammatical sketch of {Mòkpè} ({Bakweri}), {Bantu} {A20}}, volume = {45}, year = {2013} } @book{Bonneau1956, address = {Montpellier}, author = {Bonneau, Joseph}, number = {8}, publisher = {Imprimerie Charité}, series = {Mémoires de l'Institut d'études centrafricaines}, title = {Grammaire pounoue et lexique pounou -- français}, year = {1956} } @article{Bot1998, author = {Bôt, Dieudonné Martin Luther}, journal = {Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere}, pages = {47--65}, sortname = {Bot, Dieudonne Martin Luther}, title = {Temps verbaux et aspects du Yasa}, volume = {53}, year = {1998} } @article{Bot2011, author = {Bôt, Dieudonné Martin Luther}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, number = {1}, pages = {89--98}, sortname = {Bot, Dieudonne Martin Luther}, title = {Les verbes dérivés du yasa}, volume = {38}, year = {2011} } @book{Downing2006, address = {Oxford}, author = {Downing, Laura J.}, number = {12}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, series = {Oxford Studies in Theoretical Linguistics}, title = {Canonical Forms in Prosodic Morphology}, year = {2006} } @incollection{Ernst1991, author = {Ernst, Urs}, year = {1991}, title = {Temps et aspect en kakɔ}, editor = {Anderson, Stephen C. and Bernard Comrie}, booktitle = {Tense and Aspect in Eight Languages of {Cameroon}}, series = {SIL International Publications in Linguistics}, number = {99}, pages = {17--45}, address = {Dallas, TX}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics and The University of Texas at Arlington}, } @book{Ernst1995, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Ernst, Urs}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, title = {Les formes verbales du kakó}, year = {1995} } @incollection{Fontaney1980, author = {Fontaney, V. Louise}, year = {1980}, title = {Le verbe}, editor = {Nsuka-Nkutsi, François}, booktitle = {Eléments de description du punu}, series = {Linguistique et sémiologie. 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Hyman}, booktitle = {The Conjoint/Disjoint Alternation in {Bantu}}, series = {Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs}, number = {301}, pages = {100--121}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Walter de Gruyter}, } @incollection{Kwenzi-Mikala1980, author = {Kwenzi-Mikala, Jerôme T.}, year = {1980}, title = {Esquisse phonologique du punu}, editor = {Nsuka-Nkutsi, François}, booktitle = {Eléments de description du punu}, series = {Linguistique et sémiologie. Travaux du centre de recherches linguistiques et sémiologiques de Lyon}, pages = {7--18}, address = {Lyon}, publisher = {Université Lumière -- Lyon 2}, } @incollection{MarloOdden2007, author = {Marlo, Michael R. and David Odden}, year = {2007}, title = {The exponence of {TAM} in {Bakweri}}, editor = {Kula, Nancy C. and Lutz Marten}, booktitle = {Bantu in {Bloomsbury}: {S}pecial issue on {Bantu} linguistics}, series = {SOAS Working Papers in Linguistics}, number = {15}, pages = {19--31}, address = {London}, publisher = {Department of Linguistics, School of Oriental and African Studies}, } @book{Mchombo2004, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Mchombo, Sam A.}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {The Syntax of {Chichewa}}, series = {{Cambridge} Syntax Guides}, year = {2004} } @article{Meeussen1962de, author = {Meeussen, Achiel Emiel}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {57--74}, title = {De tonen van subjunktief en imperatief in het {Bantoe}}, volume = {1}, year = {1962} } @article{Meeussen2014, author = {Meeussen, Achiel Emiel}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {15--38}, title = {Tones of the subjunctive and the imperative in {Bantu}}, volume = {20}, year = {2014} } @misc{MorozEtAl2022, author = {Moroz, George and Kirill Koncha and Mikhail Leonov and Anna Smirnova and Sasha Shakhnova}, url = {https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=lingtypology}, title = {lingtypology: {{L}}inguistic Typology and Mapping}, year = {2022} } @article{PacchiarottiBostoen2021, author = {Pacchiarotti, Sara and Koen Bostoen}, journal = {Journal of Language Contact}, number = {2}, pages = {438--476}, title = {Final vowel loss in {Lower} {Kasai} {Bantu} ({DRC}) as a contact-induced change}, volume = {14}, year = {2021} } @unpublished{Pozdniakov2016, note = {Paper presented at the Second International Congress “Towards Proto-Niger-Congo: Comparison and Reconstruction”, LLACAN, Paris, 1--3 September 2016}, author = {Pozdniakov, Konstantin}, title = {From {Proto}-{Atlantic} to {Proto}-{Niger}-{Congo}: {{T}}he root structure}, year = {2016} } @phdthesis{Rekanga2000, address = {Brussels}, author = {Rekanga, Jean-Paul}, school = {Université libre de Bruxelles}, title = {Essai de grammaire himba (langue bantoue du {Gabon}, {B36}), {Tome} {II}~: morphologie}, year = {2000} } @phdthesis{Rottland1970, address = {Leiden}, author = {Rottland, Franz}, school = {Leiden University}, title = {Die {Verbformen} des {Yanzi}}, year = {1970} } @phdthesis{Segerer2000, address = {Paris}, author = {Segerer, Guillaume}, school = {Université Sorbonne Nouvelle -- Paris 3}, title = {Description de la langue bijogo ({Guinée Bissau})}, year = {2000} } @incollection{Stilo2005, author = {Stilo, Donald L.}, year = {2005}, title = {Iranian as a buffer zone between the universal typologies of {Turkic} and {Semitic}}, editor = {Csató, Éva Ágnes and Bo Isaksson and Carina Jahani}, booktitle = {Linguistic Convergence and Areal Diffusion. {Case} studies from {Iranian}, {Semitic} and {Turkic}}, pages = {35--63}, address = {Abingdon}, publisher = {RoutledgeCurzon}, } @article{vanEeden1934, author = {{van Eeden}, Bernardus Izak Christiaan}, journal = {Bantu Studies, A Journal Devoted to the Scientific Study of Bantu, Hottentot and Bushmen}, number = {1}, pages = {367--375}, title = {The terminating vowel of the {Bantu} verbal stem}, volume = {8}, year = {1934} } @book{Welmers1973, address = {Berkeley, CA}, author = {Welmers, William E.}, publisher = {University of California Press}, title = {{African} Language Structures}, year = {1973} } @incollection{Yukawa1992kaka, author = {Yukawa, Yasutoshi}, year = {1992}, title = {A tonological study of {Kaka} verbs}, editor = {Kagaya, Ryohei}, booktitle = {Studies in {Cameroonian} and {Zairean} Languages}, series = {Bantu Linguistics}, number = {3}, pages = {47--66}, address = {Tokyo}, publisher = {Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies}, } @book{Abraham1940, address = {London}, author = {Abraham, Roy Clive}, publisher = {Crown Agents for the Colonies (on behalf of the Government of Nigeria)}, title = {The Principles of {Tiv}}, year = {1940} } @phdthesis{Araújo2013, address = {São Paulo \& Bayreuth}, author = {Araújo, Paulo Jefferson Pilar}, school = {University of São Paulo \& University of Bayreuth}, sortname = {Araujo, Paulo Jefferson Pilar}, title = {Domínios conceituais das construções locativas, existenciais, comitativas e possessivas em línguas bantas}, year = {2013} } @phdthesis{Asangama1983, address = {Paris}, author = {Asangama, Atisa}, school = {Université Sorbonne Nouvelle -- Paris 3}, title = {{Le} budu, langue bantu du nord-est du {Zaïre}~: esquisse phonologique et grammaticale}, year = {1983} } @incollection{AunioEtAl2019, author = {Aunio, Lotta and Holly Robinson and Tim Roth and Oliver Stegen and John B. 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Gibson}, year = {Forthcoming}, title = {Existential constructions in {Bantu} languages}, editor = {{Bloom Ström}, Eva-Marie and Hannah C. Gibson and Rozenn Guérois and Lutz Marten}, booktitle = {Current Approaches to Morphosyntactic Variation in {Bantu}}, address = {Oxford}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, } @incollection{BernanderEtAlForthcoming-b, author = {Bernander, Rasmus and Maud Devos and Hannah C. Gibson}, year = {Forthcoming}, title = {The negative existential cycle in {Bantu}}, editor = {Veselinova, Ljuba and Arja Hamari}, booktitle = {The Negative Existential Cycle}, series = {Research on Comparative Grammar}, number = {1}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Language Science Press}, } @article{BernanderLaine2020, author = {Bernander, Rasmus and Antti Laine}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {59--102}, title = {The formation of existential constructions in {Western} {Serengeti}: {{A}} micro-comparative exploration of variation and change}, volume = {26}, year = {2020} } @book{Besha1989, address = {Berlin}, author = {Besha, Ruth Mfumbwa}, number = {10}, publisher = {Dietrich Reimer}, series = {Language and Dialect Studies in East Africa}, title = {A Study of Tense and Aspect in {Shambala}}, year = {1989} } @article{BloomStröm2020, author = {{Bloom Ström}, Eva-Marie}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {2}, pages = {213--240}, sortname = {{Bloom Strom}, Eva-Marie}, title = {The existential copula in {Xhosa} in relation to indefiniteness}, volume = {49}, year = {2020} } @article{BorschevPartee2002, author = {Borschev, Vladimir and Barbara H. Partee}, title = {The {Russian} genitive of negation: {Theme}-rheme structure or perspective structure?}, journal = {Journal of Slavic Linguistics}, number = {1--2}, pages = {105–144}, volume = {10}, year = {2002} } @unpublished{Brisson1965, author = {Brisson, Robert}, note = {Unpublished ms.}, title = {Vocabulaire {Bira}}, year = {1965} } @article{BuelldeDreu2013, author = {Buell, Leston C. and Merijn {de Dreu}}, journal = {The Linguistic Review}, number = {3}, pages = {423--466}, title = {Subject raising in {Zulu} and the nature of {PredP}}, volume = {30}, year = {2013} } @book{Burger1960, address = {Mongu, Barotseland Protectorate}, author = {Burger, J. P.}, publisher = {Book Depot of P.M.S. Sefula}, title = {An {English} -- {Lozi} Vocabulary}, year = {1960} } @book{Bwantsa-KafunguMeeussen1970-71, address = {Tervuren}, author = {Bwantsa-Kafungu, S.-Pierre and Achiel Emiel Meeussen}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, title = {Notes mbuun}, year = {1970--71}, note = {Unpublished ms.}, } @unpublished{BwendeleleND, author = {Bwendelele, A.}, year = {s.d.}, title = {Notes yaka}, note = {Unpublished ms.}, } @book{Chatelain1888-99, address = {Geneva}, author = {Chatelain, Heli}, publisher = {C. Schuchardt}, title = {Kimbundu Grammar: {Grammatica} elementar do kimbundu ou lingua de {Angola}}, year = {1888--99} } @techreport{ColemanEtAl2004, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Coleman, Arnie and Karen Coleman and Brad Koenig}, institution = {SIL Cameroon}, title = {Grammar Sketch of {Esimbi}}, type = {Unpublished ms.}, year = {2004} } @book{Collins1962, address = {London}, author = {Collins, B.}, publisher = {Longmans}, title = {{Tonga} Grammar}, year = {1962} } @incollection{Creissels2013, author = {Creissels, Denis}, year = {2013}, title = {Control and the evolution of possessive and existential constructions}, editor = {{van Gelderen}, Elly and Jóhanna Barðdal and Michela Cennamo}, booktitle = {Argument Structure in {Flux}: {The} {Naples}-{Capri} papers}, series = {Studies in Language Companion Series}, number = {131}, pages = {461--476}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, } @unpublished{Creissels2015, note = {Paper presented at Colloque international «~La prédication existentielle dans les langues naturelles~: valeurs et repérages, structures et modalités~», Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales, Paris, 10--11 April 2015}, author = {Creissels, Denis}, title = {Existential predication and trans-possessive constructions}, year = {2015} } @article{Creissels2019a, author = {Creissels, Denis}, journal = {Afrikanistik-Aegyptologie-Online}, title = {Existential predication in the languages of the {Sudanic} belt}, url = {https://www.afrikanistik-aegyptologie-online.de/archiv/2019/4860}, year = {2019} } @unpublished{Creissels2019b, author = {Creissels, Denis}, note = {Paper presented at the Sixteenth Conference on Typology and Grammar for Young Scholars, Saint Petersburg, 21--23 November 2019}, title = {Impersonal constructions in typological perspective}, year = {2019} } @article{Creissels2019c, author = {Creissels, Denis}, journal = {Italian Journal of Linguistics / Rivista di Linguistica}, number = {2}, pages = {37--106}, title = {Inverse-locational predication in typological perspective}, volume = {31}, year = {2019} } @incollection{Czinglar2002, author = {Czinglar, Christine}, year = {2002}, title = {Decomposing existence: {Evidence} from {Germanic}}, editor = {Abraham, Werner and C. Jan-Wouter Zwart}, booktitle = {Issues in Formal {German}(ic) Typology}, series = {Linguistik Aktuell / Linguistics Today}, number = {45}, pages = {85--126}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, } @book{daSilvaMaia1961, address = {Cucujães (Angola)}, author = {{da Silva Maia}, António}, publisher = {Tipografia das Missões}, sortname = {{da Silva Maia}, Antonio}, title = {Dicionário complementar português-kimbundu-kikongo: {Linguas} nativas do centro e norte de {Angola}}, year = {1961} } @inproceedings{Dalgish1976, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Second Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society}}, author = {Dalgish, Gerard M.}, pages = {139--148}, title = {Locative {NP}’s, locative suffixes, and grammatical relations}, year = {1976}, editor = {Thompson, Henry and Kenneth Whistler and Vicki Edge and Jeri J. Jaeger and Ronya Javkin and Miriam Petruck and Christopher Smeall and Robert D. {Van Valin Jr.}}, address = {Berkeley, CA}, publisher = {Berkeley Linguistics Society, University of California}, } @book{Dammann1957, address = {Hamburg}, author = {Dammann, Ernst}, number = {63}, publisher = {Cram, de Gruyter \& Co.}, series = {Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiet der Auslandskunde}, title = {{Studien} zum {Kwangali}: {{G}}rammatik, {Texte}, {Glossar}}, year = {1957} } @incollection{Dammann1977, author = {Dammann, Ernst}, year = {1977}, title = {Das `-o of reference' in {Bantusprachen}}, editor = {Benzing, Brigitta and Otto Böcher and Günther Meyer}, booktitle = {{Wort und Wirklichkeit: Studien zur Afrikanistik und Orientalistik, Eugen Ludwig Rapp zum 70. Geburtstag. Teil 2: Linguistik und Kulturwissenschaft}}, pages = {31--43}, address = {Meisenheim am Glan}, publisher = {Anton Hain}, } @phdthesis{deWit2015, address = {Leiden}, author = {{de Wit}, Gerrit}, school = {Leiden University}, title = {Liko Phonology and Grammar: {{A}} {Bantu} language of the {Democratic Republic of the Congo}}, year = {2015} } @article{Demuth1990, author = {Demuth, Katherine}, journal = {The Linguistic Review}, number = {3}, pages = {233--249}, title = {Locatives, impersonals and expletives in {Sesotho}}, volume = {7}, year = {1990} } @book{Dereau1955, address = {Namur}, author = {Dereau, Léon}, publisher = {Wesmael-Charlier}, sortname = {Dereau, Leon}, title = {Cours de kikôngo}, year = {1955} } @book{Devos2008, address = {Munich}, author = {Devos, Maud}, number = {71}, publisher = {LINCOM Europa}, series = {LINCOM Studies in African Linguistics}, title = {A Grammar of {Makwe} ({Palma}, {Mozambique})}, year = {2008} } @incollection{Devos2017, author = {Devos, Maud}, year = {2017}, title = {Shangaji paired tenses: {Emergence} of a {CJ/DJ} sytem?}, editor = {{van der Wal}, Jenneke and Larry M. Hyman}, booktitle = {The Conjoint/Disjoint Alternation in {Bantu}}, series = {Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs}, number = {301}, pages = {122--146}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Walter de Gruyter}, } @article{DevosEtAl2017, author = {Devos, Maud and Manoah-Joël Misago and Koen Bostoen}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {47--83}, sortname = {Devos, Maud Manoah-Joel Misago and Koen Bostoen}, title = {A corpus-based description of locative and non-locative reference in {Kirundi} locative enclitics}, volume = {23}, year = {2017} } @article{Diercks2011, author = {Diercks, Michael}, journal = {Lingua}, number = {5}, pages = {702--720}, title = {The morphosyntax of {Lubukusu} locative inversion and the parameterization of {Agree}}, volume = {121}, year = {2011} } @techreport{Dimande2020, address = {Maputo}, author = {Dimande, Ernesto}, institution = {Eduardo Mondlane University}, title = {A {Concordância} Verbal na {Língua Ronga}}, type = {Unpublished ms.}, year = {2020} } @incollection{Dryer2007, author = {Dryer, Matthew S.}, year = {2007}, title = {Clause types}, editor = {Shopen, Timothy}, booktitle = {Language Typology and Syntactic Description, {Volume} 1: {Clause} structure}, edition = {2}, pages = {224--275}, address = {Cambridge}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, } @book{Dunham2005, address = {Louvain}, author = {Dunham, Margaret}, number = {13}, publisher = {Peeters}, series = {Langues et Littératures de l’Afrique Noire}, title = {Éléments de description du langi~: langue bantu {{F}} 33 de {Tanzanie}~: phonologie -- grammaire -- lexique}, year = {2005} } @book{Eaton2015, address = {Dallas, TX}, author = {Eaton, Helen}, number = {27}, publisher = {SIL International}, series = {SIL Language and Culture Documentation and Description}, title = {{Malila} narrative discourse}, year = {2015} } @book{EdelstenLijongwa2010, address = {Cologne}, author = {Edelsten, Peter and Chiku Lijongwa}, number = {21}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, series = {East African Languages and Dialects}, title = {A Grammatical Sketch of {Chindamba}: {{A}} {Bantu} language ({G52}) of {Tanzania}}, year = {2010} } @phdthesis{Fabre2002, address = {Paris}, author = {Fabre, Anne Gwenaëlle}, school = {Université Sorbonne Nouvelle -- Paris 3}, sortname = {Fabre, Anne Gwenaelle}, title = {Étude du samba leko, parler d'{Allani} ({Cameroun} du {Nord}, famille {Adamawa})}, year = {2002} } @article{Fivaz1984, author = {Fivaz, Derek}, journal = {African Studies}, number = {2}, pages = {147--160}, title = {Predication in {Ndonga}}, volume = {43}, year = {1984} } @book{Forges1977, address = {Paris}, author = {Forges, Germaine}, number = {59--60}, publisher = {SELAF}, series = {Société d'études linguistiques et anthropologiques de France}, title = {{Le} kela, langue bantoue du {Zaïre} (zone {C})~: esquisse phonologique et morphologique}, year = {1977} } @phdthesis{Galerne2001, address = {Nice}, author = {Galerne, Anne}, school = {University of Nice Sophia Antipolis}, title = {{Le} ndengese~: description d’une langue bantoue~: étude du syntagme nominal}, year = {2001} } @phdthesis{Gambarage2019, address = {Vancouver}, author = {Gambarage, Joash Johannes}, school = {University of British Columbia}, title = {Belief-of-existence Determiners: {{{E}}}vidence from the syntax and semantics of {Nata} augments}, year = {2019} } @incollection{GastHaas2011, author = {Gast, Volker and Florian Haas}, year = {2011}, title = {On the distribution of subject properties in formulaic presentationals of {Germanic} and {Romance}: {A} diachronic-typological approach}, editor = {Malchukov, Andrej and Anna Siewierska}, booktitle = {Impersonal Constructions: {A} cross-linguistic perspective}, series = {Studies in Language Companion Series}, number = {124}, pages = {127--166}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, } @book{Gérard1924, address = {Brussels}, author = {Gérard, R. P.}, number = {13}, publisher = {Vromant \& Cie}, series = {Bibliotheque Congo}, sortname = {Gerard, R. P.}, title = {{La} langue lebéo~: grammaire et vocabulaire}, year = {1924} } @incollection{GibsonEtAl2019, author = {Gibson, Hannah C. and Rozenn Guérois and Lutz Marten}, year = {2019}, title = {Variation in {Bantu} copula constructions}, editor = {Arche, María J. and Antonio Fábregas and Rafael Marín}, booktitle = {The Grammar of Copulas Across Languages}, series = {Oxford Studies in Theoretical Linguistics}, number = {73}, pages = {213--242}, address = {New York, NY}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, } @unpublished{Goemaere1980, address = {Leuven}, author = {Goemaere, Alphonse}, publisher = {P. Passionisten}, title = {Spraakleer van het {Londengese} + {Woordenlijst}}, note = {Unpublished ms.}, year = {1980} } @incollection{Good2018, author = {Good, Jeff}, year = {2018}, title = {East {Benue-Congo} noun classes, with a focus on morphological behavior}, editor = {Watters, John R.}, booktitle = {East {Benue-Congo: N}ouns, pronouns, and verbs}, series = {Niger-Congo Comparative Studies}, number = {1}, pages = {27--57}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Language Science Press}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.1314321}, } @article{VerkerkDiGarbo2022, author = {Verkerk, Annemarie and Francesca Di Garbo}, journal = {Language Dynamics and Change}, number = {2}, pages = {155--223}, title = {Sociogeographic correlates of typological variation in northwestern {Bantu} gender systems}, volume = {12}, year = {2022} } @mastersthesis{Gray2013, address = {Leiden}, author = {Gray, Hazel}, school = {Leiden University}, title = {Locatives in {Ikizu}}, year = {2013} } @book{Grégoire1975, address = {Tervuren}, author = {Grégoire, Claire}, number = {83}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, series = {Annales -- Série in-8° -- Sciences humaines}, sortname = {Gregoire, Claire}, title = {Les locatifs en bantou}, year = {1975} } @article{Grégoire1983, author = {Grégoire, Claire}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, number = {2}, pages = {139--164}, sortname = {Gregoire, Claire}, title = {Quelques hypothèses comparatives sur les locatifs dans les langues bantoues du {Cameroun}}, volume = {13}, year = {1983} } @incollection{GromovaUrmanchieva2005, author = {Gromova, Nelli V. and Anna Yu. Urmanchieva}, year = {2005}, title = {Танзанийские сказки-билингвы [{Tanzanian} bilingual fairy tales]}, editor = {Koval, A. I.}, booktitle = {Африканская сказка-{III}. {К} исследованию языка фольклора [{The} {African} Folktale {III}. {Study} of the language of folklore]}, pages = {215--354}, address = {Moscow}, publisher = {Eastern Literature}, } @article{Guérois2016, author = {Guérois, Rozenn}, journal = {Linguistique et Langues Africaines}, pages = {43--75}, sortname = {Guerois, Rozenn}, title = {The locative system in {Cuwabo} and {Makhuwa} ({P30} {Bantu} languages)}, volume = {2}, year = {2016} } @incollection{Güldemann2018historical, author = {Güldemann, Tom}, sortname = {Guldemann, Tom}, year = {2018}, title = {Historical linguistics and genealogical language classification in {Africa}}, editor = {Güldemann, Tom}, booktitle = {The Languages and Linguistics of {Africa}}, series = {The World of Linguistics}, number = {11}, pages = {58--444}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, } @book{Halme2004, address = {Cologne}, author = {Halme, Riikka}, number = {8}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, series = {Namibian African Studies}, title = {A Tonal Grammar of {Kwanyama}}, year = {2004} } @incollection{Hammarström2010, author = {Hammarström, Harald}, year = {2010}, title = {Rarities in numeral systems}, editor = {Cysouw, Michael and Jan Wohlgemuth}, booktitle = {Rethinking Universals: {How} rarities affect linguistic theory}, series = {Empirical Approaches to Language Typology}, number = {45}, pages = {11--59}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, } @mastersthesis{Hare2018tense, address = {Dallas, TX}, author = {Hare, David M.}, school = {Graduate Institute of Applied Linguistics}, title = {Tense in {Kwakum} Narrative Discourse}, year = {2018} } @book{Haynes1996, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Haynes, Nancy R.}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, title = {Two {Yémba} Texts Interlinearised (language data)}, year = {1996} } @book{Hengeveld1992, address = {Berlin}, author = {Hengeveld, Kees}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, title = {Non-verbal Predication. {Theory}, typology, diachrony}, series = {Functional Grammar Series}, number = {15}, year = {1992} } @article{Khumalo2012, author = {Khumalo, Langa}, journal = {South African Journal of African Languages}, number = {1}, pages = {22--34}, title = {Passive, locative inversion in {Ndebele} and the unaccusative hypothesis}, volume = {30}, year = {2012} } @article{Koch2012, author = {Koch, Peter}, journal = {Linguistics}, number = {3}, pages = {533--603}, title = {Location, existence, and possession: {{A}} constructional-typological exploration}, volume = {50}, year = {2012} } @phdthesis{Kraal2005, address = {Leiden}, author = {Kraal, Pieter Jacob}, school = {Leiden University}, title = {A Grammar of {Makonde} ({Chinnima}, {Tanzania})}, year = {2005} } @book{Laman1912, address = {New York, NY}, author = {Laman, Karl E.}, publisher = {Christian Alliance Publishing Company}, title = {Grammar of the {Kongo} Language ({Kikongo})}, year = {1912} } @incollection{Lambrecht1988, author = {Lambrecht, Knud}, year = {1988}, title = {Presentational cleft constructions in spoken {French}}, editor = {Haiman, John and Sandra A. Thompson}, booktitle = {Clause Combining in Grammar and Discourse}, series = {Typological Studies in Language}, number = {18}, pages = {135--179}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, } @book{Lambrecht1994, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Lambrecht, Knud}, number = {71}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, series = {Cambridge Studies in Linguistics}, title = {Information Structure and Sentence Form: {{T}}opic, focus, and the mental representations of discourse referents}, year = {1994} } @article{Lambrecht2001, author = {Lambrecht, Knud}, journal = {Linguistics, An Interdisciplinary Journal of the Language Sciences}, number = {3}, pages = {463--516}, title = {A framework for the analysis of cleft constructions}, volume = {39}, year = {2001} } @phdthesis{Leach2010, address = {Leiden}, author = {Leach, Michael Benjamin}, school = {Leiden University}, title = {Things Hold Together. {Foundations} for a systematic treatment of verbal and nominal tone in {Plateau Shimakonde}}, year = {2010} } @unpublished{Legère2010, author = {Legère, Karsten}, title = {{Vidunda}/{Ngh’wele} Sentences}, note = {Unpublished field notes}, year = {2010} } @incollection{Leitch2003, author = {Leitch, Myles}, year = {2003}, title = {Babole ({C}101)}, editor = {Nurse, Derek and Gérard Philippson}, booktitle = {The {Bantu} Languages}, series = {Language Family Series}, number = {4}, pages = {392--421}, address = {London}, publisher = {Routledge}, } @book{LouwJubase1963, address = {Johannesburg}, author = {Louw, Jacobus A. and J. B. Jubase}, publisher = {Bonapers Beperk}, title = {Handboek van {Xhosa}}, year = {1963} } @article{Lyons1967, author = {Lyons, John}, journal = {Foundations of Language}, number = {4}, pages = {390--396}, title = {A note on possessive, existential and locative sentences}, volume = {3}, year = {1967} } @phdthesis{Maho1999, address = {Gothenburg}, author = {Maho, Jouni F.}, school = {Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis}, title = {A Comparative Study of {Bantu} Noun Classes}, year = {1999} } @thesis{Marchal-Nasse1979, address = {Brussels}, author = {Marchal-Nasse, Colette}, school = {Université libre de Bruxelles}, title = {Esquisse de la langue tsogo: {{P}}honologie, morphologie}, year = {1979}, type = {3rd cycle dissertation}, } @phdthesis{Marchal-Nasse1989, address = {Brussels}, author = {Marchal-Nasse, Colette}, school = {Université libre de Bruxelles}, title = {De la phonologie à la morphologie du nzebi, langue bantoue ({B52}) du {Gabon}}, year = {1989} } @incollection{Marten2010, author = {Marten, Lutz}, year = {2010}, title = {The great {siSwati} locative shift}, editor = {Breitbarth, Anne and Christopher Lucas and Sheila Watts and David Willis}, booktitle = {Continuity and Change in Grammar}, series = {Linguistik Aktuell / Linguistics Today}, number = {159}, pages = {249--267}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, } @article{Marten2013structure, author = {Marten, Lutz}, journal = {Italian Journal of Linguistics / Rivista di Linguistica}, number = {1}, pages = {45--73}, title = {Structure and interpretation in {Swahili} existential constructions}, volume = {25}, year = {2013} } @article{MartenEtAl2007, author = {Marten, Lutz and Nancy C. Kula and Nhlanhla Thwala}, journal = {Transactions of the Philological Society}, number = {3}, pages = {253--338}, title = {Parameters of morphosyntactic variation in {Bantu}}, volume = {105}, year = {2007} } @incollection{McNally2011, author = {McNally, Louise}, year = {2011}, title = {Existential sentences}, editor = {{von Heusinger}, Klaus and Claudia Maienborn and Paul Portner}, booktitle = {Semantics: {An} international handbook of natural language meaning}, volume = {2}, series = {Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science}, number = {33.2}, pages = {1829--1848}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, } @book{Meeussen1952, address = {Tervuren}, author = {Meeussen, Achiel Emiel}, number = {4}, publisher = {Royal Museum of the Belgian Congo}, series = {Annales -- Série in-8° -- Sciences de l'homme -- Linguistique}, title = {Esquisse de la langue ombo ({Maniema} -- {Congo} belge)}, year = {1952} } @book{Meeussen1959, address = {Tervuren}, author = {Meeussen, Achiel Emiel}, number = {24}, publisher = {Royal Museum of the Belgian Congo}, series = {Annales -- Série in-8° -- Sciences de l'homme -- Linguistique}, title = {Essai de grammaire rundi}, year = {1959} } @article{Meeussen1962lega, author = {Meeussen, Achiel Emiel}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {75--97}, title = {Lega-teksten}, volume = {1}, year = {1962} } @techreport{MeeussenSebasoni1965, address = {Tervuren}, author = {Meeussen, Achiel Emiel and Servilien Sebasoni}, institution = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, title = {Notes binja-sud}, type = {Unpublished ms.}, year = {1965} } @article{Meinhof1939, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Eingeborenen-Sprachen}, number = {4}, pages = {241--287}, title = {Die {Sprache} der {Bira}}, volume = {29}, year = {1939} } @article{Morimoto2006, author = {Morimoto, Yukiko}, journal = {ZAS Papers in Linguistics}, pages = {161--187}, title = {Agreement properties and word order in comparative {Bantu}}, volume = {43}, year = {2006} } @phdthesis{Morrison2011, address = {Houston, TX}, author = {Morrison, Michelle Elizabeth}, school = {Rice University}, title = {A Reference Grammar of {Bena}}, year = {2011} } @incollection{Moshi1995, author = {Moshi, Lioba}, year = {1995}, title = {Locatives in {KiVunjo-Chaga}}, editor = {Akinlabi, Akinbiyi}, booktitle = {Theoretical Approaches to {African} Linguistics}, series = {Trends in African Linguistics}, number = {1}, pages = {129--145}, address = {Trenton, NJ}, publisher = {Africa World Press}, } @article{MousMreta2004, author = {Mous, Maarten and Abel Mreta}, journal = {South African Journal of African Languages}, number = {4}, pages = {219--229}, title = {The comitative/conjunctive preposition na in {Chathu} ({Pare}), a {Bantu} language of {Tanzania}}, volume = {24}, year = {2004} } @mastersthesis{Moyo-Kayita1981, address = {Kananga}, author = {Moyo-Kayita, Makila}, school = {Institut Supérieur Pédagogique}, title = {Esquisse de grammaire mbala : {{M}}orphologie et syntaxe}, year = {1981} } @mastersthesis{Nanteza2018, address = {Kampala}, author = {Nanteza, Moureen}, school = {Makerere University}, title = {Locative Enclitics in {Luganda}. {Form} and meaning}, year = {2018} } @article{NdjerareouEtAl2010, author = {Ndjerareou, Mekoulnodji and Christy Melick and Sarah R. Moeller}, journal = {GIAL Electronic Notes Series}, number = {2}, pages = {1--39}, title = {A brief grammatical sketch of {Ngambay}}, volume = {4}, year = {2010} } @book{Nicolle2013, address = {Dallas, TX}, author = {Nicolle, Steve}, number = {149}, publisher = {SIL International}, series = {SIL International Publications in Linguistics}, title = {A Grammar of {Digo}: {{A}} {Bantu} language of {Kenya} and {Tanzania}}, year = {2013} } @book{Nicolle2015, address = {Dallas, TX}, author = {Nicolle, Steve}, number = {2015-003}, publisher = {SIL International}, series = {SIL Electronic Working Papers}, title = {Comparative Study of {Eastern} {Bantu} Narrative Texts}, year = {2015} } @inproceedings{Nurse2007emergence, author = {Nurse, Derek}, year = {2007}, title = {The emergence of tense in early {Bantu}}, editor = {Payne, Doris L. and Jaime Peña}, booktitle = {Selected Proceedings of the 37th {Annual Conference on African Linguistics}}, pages = {164--179}, address = {Somerville, MA}, publisher = {Cascadilla Proceedings Project}, } @book{OSullivan1993, address = {Lusaka}, author = {O’Sullivan, Owen}, publisher = {Zambia Educational Publishing House}, sortname = {O'Sullivan, Owen}, title = {{English} -- {Silozi} Dictionary}, year = {1993} } @book{Odden1996, address = {Oxford}, author = {Odden, David}, publisher = {Clarendon Press}, title = {The Phonology and Morphology of {Kimatuumbi}}, series = {The Phonology of the World's Languages}, year = {1996} } @inproceedings{ParteeBorschev2004, author = {Partee, Barbara H. and Vladimir Borschev}, year = {2004}, title = {The semantics of {Russian} genitive of negation: {The} nature and role of perspectival structure}, editor = {Young, Robert B.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th {Semantics and Linguistic Theory Conference, held May 14--16, 2004, at Northwestern University}}, pages = {212--234}, address = {Ithaca, NY}, publisher = {Cornell University}, } @incollection{ParteeBorschev2007, author = {Partee, Barbara H. and Vladimir Borschev}, year = {2007}, title = {Existential sentences, {BE}, and the genitive of negation in {Russian}}, editor = {Comorovski, Ileana and Klaus {von Heusinger}}, booktitle = {Existence: {Semantics} and syntax}, series = {Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy}, number = {84}, pages = {147--190}, address = {Dordrecht}, publisher = {Springer}, } @book{Persohn2017, address = {Berlin}, author = {Persohn, Bastian}, number = {2}, publisher = {Language Science Press}, series = {Contemporary African Linguistics}, title = {The Verb in {Nyakyusa}: {{A}} focus on tense, aspect, and modality}, year = {2017}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.926408} } @book{Petzell2008, address = {Cologne}, author = {Petzell, Malin}, number = {19}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, series = {East African Languages and Dialects}, title = {The {Kagulu} Language of {Tanzania}: {{G}}rammar, Texts and Vocabulary}, year = {2008} } @incollection{PhilippsonNurse2000, author = {Philippson, Gérard and Derek Nurse}, year = {2000}, title = {Gweno, a little known language of {Northern Tanzania}}, editor = {Kahigi, Kulikoyela and Yared M. Kihore and Maarten Mous}, booktitle = {Lugha za {Tanzania} / {Languages} of {Tanzania}: {Studies} dedicated to the memory of {Prof. Clement Maganga}}, series = {CNWS Publications}, number = {89}, pages = {233--284}, address = {Leiden}, publisher = {Research School for Asian, African, and Amerindian Studies, University of Leiden}, } @book{Prat1917, address = {Brazzaville}, author = {Prat, Jean}, publisher = {Mission Catholique}, title = {Petite grammaire mbochie et dictionnaire (rivière {Alima}, {Congo} français)}, year = {1917} } @mastersthesis{Rekanga1989, address = {Brussels}, author = {Rekanga, Jean-Paul}, school = {Université libre de Bruxelles}, title = {Essai de grammaire gunu (langue bantoue du {Cameroun} {A} 62)}, year = {1989} } @article{Salzmann2011, author = {Salzmann, Martin}, title = {Towards a typology of locative inversion -- {Bantu}, perhaps {Chinese} and {English} -- but beyond?}, journal = {Language and Linguistics Compass}, number = {4}, pages = {169--189}, volume = {5}, year = {2011} } @mastersthesis{Salzmann2004, address = {Zurich}, author = {Salzmann, Martin David}, school = {University of Zurich}, title = {Theoretical Approaches to Locative Inversion}, year = {2004} } @article{SchadebergSamsom1994, author = {Schadeberg, Thilo C. and Ridder Samsom}, journal = {Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere}, pages = {127--138}, title = {Kiinimacho cha mahali: {{K}}iambishi tamati cha mahali -ni}, volume = {37}, year = {1994} } @book{Schmitz1912, address = {Brussels}, author = {Schmitz, Robert}, number = {9}, publisher = {Librairie Albert Dewit (pour l'Institut International de Bibliographie)}, series = {Collection de monographies ethnographiques : sociologie descriptive}, title = {Les baholoholo ({Congo} belge)}, year = {1912} } @mastersthesis{Sitali2008, address = {Lusaka}, author = {Sitali, Georgina Nandila}, school = {University of Zambia}, title = {Some Aspects of the Semantics and Syntax of Adverbial Clauses in {Lozi}: {{A}} corpus-based study}, year = {2008} } @book{Smoes2010, address = {Yaoundé}, author = {Smoes, Christopher L.}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, title = {A Sketch Grammar of the {Kemezung} Language}, year = {2010} } @incollection{Stassen2013, author = {Stassen, Leon}, year = {2013}, title = {Predicative possession}, editor = {Dryer, Matthew S. and Martin Haspelmath}, booktitle = {The World Atlas of Language Structures Online}, address = {Leipzig}, publisher = {Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology}, url = {http://wals.info/chapter/117}, } @phdthesis{Stegen2011, address = {Edinburgh}, author = {Stegen, Oliver}, school = {University of Edinburgh}, title = {In Quest of a Vernacular Writing Style for the {Rangi} of {Tanzania}: {{A}}ssumptions, processes, challenges}, year = {2011} } @book{StevickMachiwana1960, address = {Cleveland (South Africa)}, author = {Stevick, Earl W. and Kingston Machiwana}, publisher = {Central Mission Press}, title = {{Manyika} Step-by-Step}, year = {1960} } @article{Struck1911, author = {Struck, Bernhard}, journal = {Anthropos}, number = {5}, pages = {951--993}, title = {Die {Fipasprache} ({Deutsch}-{Ostafrika})}, volume = {6}, year = {1911} } @phdthesis{Taji2017, address = {Dar es Salaam}, author = {Taji, Julius John}, school = {University of Dar es Salaam}, title = {The Morphosyntactic and Semantic Properties of Grammatical Relations in {Chiyao}}, year = {2017} } @inproceedings{Talmy1975, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {First Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society}}, author = {Talmy, Leonard}, publisher = {419--430}, title = {Figure and ground in complex sentences}, year = {1975}, address = {Berkeley, CA}, publisher = {Berkeley Linguistics Society, University of California}, editor = {Cogen, Cathy and Henry Thompson and Graham Thurgood and Kenneth Whistler and James Wright}, doi = {10.3765/bls.v1i0.2322} } @article{TandaNeba2005, author = {Tanda, Vincent Ambe and Ayu'nwi N. Neba}, journal = {African Study Monographs}, number = {4}, pages = {201--219}, sortname = {Tanda, Vincent Ambe and Ayu'nwi N. Neba}, title = {Negation in {Mokpe} and two related coastal {Bantu} languages of {Cameroon}}, volume = {26}, year = {2005} } @book{ThomasBahuchet1991, address = {Louvain}, booktitle = {Encyclopédie des pygmées aka : {{T}}echniques, langage et société des chasseurs-cueilleurs de la forêt centrafricaine ({Sud}-{Centrafrique} et {Nord}-{Congo}). {Tome} {I}, Les pygmées aka. {Fasc}. 4, {La} langue}, editor = {Thomas, Jacqueline M. C. and Serge Bahuchet}, publisher = {Peeters}, title = {Encyclopédie des pygmées aka : {{T}}echniques, langage et société des chasseurs-cueilleurs de la forêt centrafricaine ({Sud}-{Centrafrique} et {Nord}-{Congo}). {Tome} {I}, Les pygmées aka. {Fasc}. 4, {La} langue}, year = {1991}, series = {Société d'études linguistiques et anthropologiques de France}, number = {331}, } @unpublished{Thornell2004, author = {Thornell, Christina}, note = {Unpublished ms.}, title = {Studies in the {Kerebe} Language}, year = {2004} } @book{Twilingiyimana1984, address = {Tervuren}, author = {Twilingiyimana, Chrysogone}, number = {116}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, series = {Annales - Série in-8° - Sciences humaines}, title = {Éléments de description du doko}, year = {1984} } @article{vanderWal2011, author = {{van der Wal}, Jenneke}, journal = {Lingua}, number = {11}, pages = {1734--1750}, title = {Focus excluding alternatives: {{C}}onjoint/disjoint marking in {Makhuwa}}, volume = {121}, year = {2011} } @incollection{vanderWal2015, author = {{van der Wal}, Jenneke}, booktitle = {Oxford Handbooks Online. {Scholarly} Research Reviews}, title = {{Bantu} syntax}, year = {2015}, address = {Oxford}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, doi = {10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935345.013.50}, } @incollection{vanderWalNamyalo2016, author = {{van der Wal}, Jenneke and Saudah Namyalo}, year = {2016}, title = {The interaction of two focus marking strategies in {Luganda}}, editor = {Payne, Doris L. and Sara Pacchiarotti and Mokaya Bosire}, booktitle = {Diversity in {African} Languages. {S}elected papers from the 46th {Annual Conference on African Linguistics}}, series = {Contemporary African Linguistics}, number = {1}, pages = {355--377}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Language Science Press}, doi = {10.17169/langsci.b121.490}, } @book{Vanhoudt1987, address = {Tervuren}, author = {Vanhoudt, Bettie}, number = {125}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, series = {Annales -- Série in-8° -- Sciences humaines}, title = {Éléments de description du leke, language bantoue de zone {C}}, year = {1987} } @article{Wald1973, author = {Wald, Benji}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {3}, pages = {237--268}, title = {Syntactic change in the lake languages of northeast {Bantu}}, volume = {4}, year = {1973} } @book{Whiteley1966, address = {Oxford}, author = {Whiteley, Wilfred H.}, publisher = {Clarendon Press}, title = {A Study of {Yao} Sentences}, year = {1966} } @incollection{ZellerForthcoming, author = {Zeller, Jochen}, year = {Forthcoming}, title = {Locatives in {Bantu}}, editor = {Marten, Lutz and Nancy C. 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Makuya}, publisher = {University of South Africa}, title = {A Handbook of the {Venda} Language}, year = {1972} } @book{Maho2007, author = {Maho, Jouni F.}, title = {A Referential Classification of the {Bantu} Languages: {Keeping} {Guthrie}'s system updated}, edition = {Preliminary (online) version \# 6 (dated 28 January 2007)}, note = {Accessed 31 January 2007, but no longer online}, year = {2007}, } @article{Harries1940, author = {Harries, Lyndon}, title = {An outline of {Maŵiha} grammar}, journal = {Bantu Studies, A Journal Devoted to the Scientific Study of Bantu, Hottentot and Bushmen}, volume = {14}, number = {1}, pages = {91--146}, year = {1940}, } @book{SchoenebornND, author = {Schoeneborn, Anne}, title = {The {Sesotho} Book: {A} language manual developed by a {Peace Corps} volunteer during her service in {Lesotho}}, address = {Mazenod}, year = {2009}, } @book{AbessoloNnomoEtogoMbezele1982, author = {{Abessolo Nnomo}, Thierry and {Etogo Mbezele}, Luc}, title = {Eléments de grammaire ewondo}, publisher = {Collège Libermann}, address = {Douala}, series = {Langues et Littératures Nationales}, number = {10}, year = {1982}, } @phdthesis{Ambouroue2007, author = {Ambouroue, Odette}, title = {Eléments de description de l'orungu~: langue bantu du {Gabon} ({B11b})}, school = {Université libre de Bruxelles}, address = {Brussels}, year = {2007}, } @incollection{Baka2005, author = {Baka, Jean}, title = {Pourquoi une forme de type *-pái ``nouveau'' en protobantou}, booktitle = {Studies in {African} Comparative Linguistics, with Special Focus on {Bantu} and {Mande}. {E}ssays in honour of {Yvonne Bastin} and {Claire Grégoire}}, editor = {Bostoen, Koen and Maniacky, Jacky}, series = {Collection Sciences Humaines}, number = {169}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, address = {Tervuren}, pages = {139–146}, year = {2005}, } @phdthesis{Bokamba1976, author = {Bokamba, Eyamba Georges}, title = {Question Formation in Some {Bantu} Languages}, school = {Indiana University}, address = {Bloomington, IN}, year = {1976}, } @mastersthesis{Bot1986, author = {Bôt, Dieudonné Martin Luther}, title = {Les substituts ou représentants en basaa}, school = {University of Yaoundé}, address = {Yaoundé}, year = {1986}, } @book{Corbett1991, author = {Corbett, Greville G.}, title = {Gender}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, address = {Cambridge}, series = {Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics}, year = {1991}, } @article{Coupez1977, author = {Coupez, André}, title = {Note sur les morphèmes prédicatifs en protobantou}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, volume = {7}, pages = {89–91}, year = {1977}, } @incollection{Creissels2005, author = {Creissels, Denis}, title = {L'émergence de système à neuf voyelles en bantou {S30}}, booktitle = {Studies in {African} Comparative Linguistics, with Special Focus on {Bantu} and {Mande}. {E}ssays in honour of {Yvonne Bastin} and {Claire Grégoire}}, editor = {Bostoen, Koen and Maniacky, Jacky}, series = {Collection Sciences Humaines}, number = {169}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, address = {Tervuren}, pages = {191–198}, year = {2005}, } @book{CristofaroZúñiga2018, editor = {Cristofaro, Sonia and Zúñiga, Fernando}, title = {Typological Hierarchies in Synchrony and Diachrony}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, address = {Amsterdam}, series = {Typological Studies in Language}, number = {121}, year = {2018}, } @book{Croft2002, author = {Croft, William}, title = {Typology and Universals}, edition = {2}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, address = {Cambridge}, series = {Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics}, year = {2002}, } @unpublished{CysouwHackstein2011, author = {Cysouw, Michael and Hackstein, Olav}, title = {The (in)stability of interrogatives: {The} case of {Indo-European}}, note = {Paper presented at {the Workshop ``Stability and borrowability of interrogative pronominals'', 20th International Conference on Historical Linguistics}}, address = {Osaka}, year = {2011}, url = {http://idiatov.mardi.myds.me/ICHL/ICHL_CYSOUW_HACKSTEIN_slides.pdf} } @book{Davison2009, author = {Davison, Phil}, title = {Weh Orthography Guide}, publisher = {SIL Cameroon}, address = {Yaoundé}, year = {2009}, } @article{Diessel2003, author = {Diessel, Holger}, title = {The relationship between demonstratives and interrogatives}, journal = {Studies in Language}, volume = {27}, number = {3}, pages = {635–655}, year = {2003}, } @article{Doneux1971, author = {Doneux, Jean Léonce}, title = {Deux études sur les interrogatifs en zone {J} du bantou}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, volume = {5}, pages = {119–138}, year = {1971}, } @article{DoneuxGrégoire1977, author = {Doneux, Jean Léonce and Grégoire, Claire}, title = {Une séquence vocalique à la finale de quelques thèmes en protobantou}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, volume = {7}, pages = {159–199}, year = {1977}, } @incollection{Dryer2013, author = {Dryer, Matthew S.}, title = {Position of interrogative phrases in content questions}, booktitle = {The World Atlas of Language Structures Online}, editor = {Dryer, Matthew S. and Haspelmath, Martin}, publisher = {Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology}, address = {Leipzig}, url = {https://wals.info/chapter/93}, year = {2013}, } @article{Endresen1991, author = {Endresen, Rolf Theil}, title = {Diachronic aspects of the phonology of {Nizaa}}, journal = {Journal of African Languages and Linguistics}, volume = {12}, number = {2}, pages = {171–194}, year = {1991}, } @article{EvansEtAl2018, author = {Evans, Nicholas and Bergqvist, Henrik and {San Roque}, Lila}, title = {The grammar of engagement {I}: {Framework} and initial exemplification}, journal = {Language and Cognition}, volume = {10}, number = {1}, pages = {110–140}, year = {2018}, } @book{Eyoh2011, author = {Eyoh, Julius A.}, title = {Engwo Lexicon: {Engwo} -- {English}, {English} -- {Engwo}}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, address = {Cologne}, series = {Kay Williamson Educational Foundation -- Language Monographs: Local series}, number = {3}, year = {2011}, } @book{Haspelmath1997, author = {Haspelmath, Martin}, title = {Indefinite Pronouns}, publisher = {Clarendon Press}, address = {Oxford}, series = {Oxford Studies in Typology and Linguistic Theory}, year = {1997}, } @book{HaspelmathTadmor2009, editor = {Haspelmath, Martin and Tadmor, Uri}, title = {Loanwords in the World's Languages: {A} comparative handbook}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, year = {2009}, } @book{Hölzl2017, author = {Hölzl, Andreas}, title = {A Typology of Questions in {Northeast} {Asia} and Beyond: {An} ecological perspective}, publisher = {Language Science Press}, address = {Berlin}, series = {Studies in Diversity Linguistics}, number = {20}, year = {2017}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.1344467} } @book{Hulstaert1957, author = {Hulstaert, Gustaaf}, title = {Dictionnaire lɔmɔ́ngɔ -- français}, publisher = {Royal Museum of the Belgian Congo}, address = {Tervuren}, series = {Annales -- Série in-8° -- Sciences de l'homme -- Linguistique}, number = {16}, year = {1957}, } @article{Hulstaert2007, author = {Hulstaert, Gustaaf}, title = {Eléments pour la dialectologie mɔ́ngɔ, suite et fin~: formes relatives et particules}, journal = {Annales Æquatoria}, volume = {28}, pages = {201–332}, year = {2007}, } @incollection{Hyman1979, author = {Hyman, Larry M.}, title = {Phonology and noun structure}, booktitle = {Aghem Grammatical Structure}, editor = {Hyman, Larry M.}, series = {Southern California Occasional Papers in Linguistics}, number = {7}, publisher = {Department of Linguistics, University of Southern California}, address = {Los Angeles, CA}, pages = {1–72}, year = {1979}, } @incollection{Hyman1980Babanki, author = {Hyman, Larry M.}, title = {Babanki and the {Ring} group}, booktitle = {L'expansion bantoue : actes du colloque international du {CNRS}, {Viviers} ({France}) -- 4-16 avril 1977, {Vol}. 1 : les classes nominales dans le bantou des {Grassfields}}, editor = {Hyman, Larry M. and Voorhoeve, Jan}, series = {Société d'études linguistiques et anthropologiques de France, Numéro special}, number = {9}, publisher = {SELAF}, address = {Paris}, pages = {225–258}, year = {1980}, } @incollection{Hyman2005, author = {Hyman, Larry M.}, title = {Initial vowel and prefix tone in {Kom}: {Related} to the {Bantu} augment?}, booktitle = {Studies in {African} Comparative Linguistics, with Special Focus on {Bantu} and {Mande}. {E}ssays in honour of {Yvonne Bastin} and {Claire Grégoire}}, editor = {Bostoen, Koen and Maniacky, Jacky}, series = {Collection Sciences Humaines}, number = {169}, publisher = {Royal Museum for Central Africa}, address = {Tervuren}, pages = {313–341}, year = {2005}, } @incollection{HymanTadadjeu1976, author = {Hyman, Larry M. and Tadadjeu, Maurice}, title = {Floating tones in {Mbam-Nkam}}, booktitle = {Studies in {Bantu} Tonology}, editor = {Hyman, Larry M.}, series = {Southern California Occasional Papers in Linguistics}, number = {3}, publisher = {Department of Linguistics, University of Southern California}, address = {Los Angeles, CA}, pages = {57–111}, year = {1976}, } @phdthesis{Idiatov2007, author = {Idiatov, Dmitry}, title = {A Typology of Non-selective Interrogative Pronominals}, school = {University of Antwerp}, address = {Antwerp}, year = {2007}, url = {http://idiatov.mardi.myds.me/papers/PhD_Idiatov_2007_Final_Version+ERRATA.pdf} } @unpublished{Idiatov2011, author = {Idiatov, Dmitry}, title = {The instability of {Eastern Mayan} interrogative pronominals: {Interrogative} pronominals as complex constructions}, note = {Paper presented at {the Workshop ``Stability and borrowability of interrogative pronominals'', 20th International Conference on Historical Linguistics}}, address = {Osaka}, year = {2011}, url = {http://idiatov.mardi.myds.me/talks/2011_ICHL_Mayan_slides_Idiatov.pdf} } @incollection{Idiatov2014, author = {Idiatov, Dmitry}, title = {Egyptian non-selective interrogative pronominals: {History} and typology}, booktitle = {Egyptian-{Coptic} Linguistics in Typological Perspective}, editor = {Haspelmath, Martin and Grossmann, Eitan and Richter, Tonio Sebastian}, series = {Empirical Approaches to Language Typology}, number = {55}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, pages = {289–322}, year = {2014}, } @misc{IdiatovInPreparation, author = {Idiatov, Dmitry}, title = {Proto-{Bantu} roots were consonant-initial: {The} multiple identities of {Proto-Bantu} *j}, year = {In preparation}, } @unpublished{IdiatovVandeVelde2018, author = {Idiatov, Dmitry and Van de Velde, Mark}, title = {The relation between agreement classes and noun form (morphological) classes}, note = {Paper presented at {the Workshop ``Gender across Niger-Congo''}}, address = {Berlin}, year = {2018}, url = {http://idiatov.mardi.myds.me/talks/2018_BERLIN_Gender_Workshop_Idiatov_Van_de_Velde_SLIDES.pdf} } @unpublished{IdiatovVandeVelde2019, author = {Idiatov, Dmitry and Van de Velde, Mark}, title = 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