@Book{Aarts2011,
  title={Oxford modern {E}nglish grammar},
  author={Aarts, Bas},
  year={2011},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford},
}


@InCollection{AartsCloseWallis2010,
  title={Recent changes in the use of the progressive construction in {E}nglish},
  booktitle = {Distinctions in {E}nglish grammar, offered to {R}enaat {D}eclerck},
  author={Aarts, Bas and Joanne Close and Sean Wallis},
  year={2010},
  publisher={Kaitakusha},
  editor={Bert Cappelle and Naoaki Wada},
  address={Tokyo},
  pages={148--167},
}

@Book{Adams2017,
  title={Alfred's {B}ritain: {W}ar and peace in the {V}iking {A}ge},
  author={Adams, Max},
  year={2017},
  publisher={Head of Zeus},
  address={London},
}

@Book{Aikhenvald2016,
  title={How gender shapes the world},
  author={Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y.},
  year={2016},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford},
}

@Book{Aitchison2012,
  title={Language change: {P}rogress or decay?},
  author={Aitchison, Jean},
  year={2012},
  edition={4},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge}
}

@InCollection{Algeo1992,
  author = {Algeo, John},
  title = {British and {A}merican mandative constructions},
  booktitle = {Language and civilization: {A} concerted profusion of essays and studies in honour of {O}tto {H}ietsch},
  publisher = {Peter Lang},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {2},
  editor = {Bank, Claudia},
  pages = {599--617},
  address = {Frankfurt},
}

@Book{Algeo2001,
  series={The {C}ambridge history of the {E}nglish language},
  volume={6},
  title={English in {N}orth {A}merica},
  editor={Algeo, John},
  year={2001},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge }
}

@book{Allen1995,
  title = {Case marking and reanalysis: {G}rammatical relations from {O}ld to {E}arly {M}odern {E}nglish},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year = {1995},
  author = {Allen, Cynthia L.},
  address = {Oxford}
}

@Article{Allen1997,
  author = {Allen, Cynthia L.},
  journal = {English Language and Linguistics},
  title = {Middle {E}nglish case loss and the `creolization' hypothesis},
  volume = {1},
  issue = {1},
  year = {1997},
  pages = {63--89},
  comment = {pdf},
}

@Book{Allen2008,
  title={Genitives in early {E}nglish: {T}ypology and evidence},
  editor={Allen, Cynthia L.},
  year={2008},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford},
}

@incollection{Allen2019,
	Address = {Cambridge},
	Author = {Cynthia L. Allen},
	Booktitle = {Categories, Constructions and Change in {E}nglish Syntax},
	Editor = {Nuria Yáñez-Bouza and Willem B. Hollmann and Emma Moore and Linda van Bergen},
	Pages = {130--146},
	Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
	Title = {The definite article in {O}ld {E}nglish: {E}vidence from {Æ}lfric's {G}rammar},
	Year = {2019}}

@InCollection{Ammon2002,
  author    = {Ammon, Matthias},
  title     = {Piercing the rihthamscyld -- a new reading of {Æ}thelberht 32},
  booktitle = {The Beginnings of {E}nglish Law},
  publisher = {University of Toronto Press},
  year      = {2002},
  editor    = {Lisi Oliver},
  address   = {Toronto},
  pages     = {34--51}
}


@InCollection{Anderson2013,
  crossref={BoerjarsDenisonScott2013book},
  title={The marker of the {E}nglish ``group genitive'' is a special clitic, not an inflection},
  booktitle={Morphosyntactic categories and the expression of possession},
  author={Anderson, Stephen R.},
  pages={193--218}
}

@InCollection{Anderwald2012,
  author    = {Anderwald, Lieselotte},
  title     = {Negation in varieties of {E}nglish},
  booktitle = {Areal features of the {A}nglophone world},
  publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter},
  year      = {2012},
  editor    = {Hickey, Raymond},
  pages     = {299--328},
  address   = {Berlin},
}

@Article{Anderwald2014,
    Author = {Anderwald, Lieselotte},
    Title = {Measuring the success of prescriptivism: {Q}uantitative grammaticography, corpus linguistics and the progressive passive},
    Journal = {English Language and Linguistics},
    Year = {2014},
    Volume = {18},
    Issue = {1},
    Pages = {1--21},
}

@Article{Anderwald2017,
    Author = {Anderwald, Lieselotte},
    Title = {\emph{I'm Loving It} -- Marketing Ploy or Language Change in Progress?},
    Journal = {Studia Neophilologica},
    Year = {2017},
    Volume = {89},
    Issue = {2},
    Pages = {176--196},
}

@Article{Anderwald2018,
    Author = {Anderwald, Lieselotte},
    Title = {Language Change and Cultural Change: {T}he Grammaticalization of the \textit{{GET}}-Passive in Context},
    Journal = {Language and Communication},
    Year = {2018},
    Volume = {62},
    Pages = {1--14},
}


@Book{Anthony2007,
  title={The horse, the wheel and language: {H}ow {B}ronze-{A}ge riders from the {E}urasian steppes shaped the modern world},
  author={Anthony, David},
  year={2007},
  publisher={Princeton University Press},
  address={Princeton, NJ},
}

@InCollection{Anthony2019,
  author = {Anthony, David},
  title = {Ancient {DNA}, Mating Networks, and the {Anatolian} Split},
  booktitle = {Dispersals and Diversification: {L}inguistic and Archaeological Perspectives on the Early Stages of {Indo-European}},
  publisher = {Brill},
  year = {2019},
  editor = {Serangeli, Matilde and Olander, Thomas},
  pages = {21--53},
  address = {Leiden},
}

@InCollection{Arnovick2017,
  title={Historical pragmatics in the teaching of the history of {E}nglish},
  author={Arnovick, Leslie},
  pages={93--105},
  booktitle={Approaches to teaching the history of the {E}nglish language: {P}edagogy in practice},
  editor={Hayes, Mary and Burkette, Allison},
  year={2017},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford}
}

@InCollection{AuerGordonOlson2016,
  author = {Auer, Anita and Gordon, Moragh and Olson, Mike},
  title = {English urban vernaculars, 1400--1700: {D}igitizing text from manuscript},
  booktitle = {Corpus linguistics on the move: {E}xploring and understanding {E}nglish through corpora},
  publisher = {Brill},
  year = {2016},
  editor = {López-Couso, María José and Méndez-Naya, Belén and Núñez-Pertejo, Paloma and Palacios-Martínez, Ignacio M.},
  pages = {21--40},
  address = {Leiden},
}

@InCollection{BaileyMaroldt1977,
  title = {The {F}rench lineage of {E}nglish},
  author={Bailey, C.-J. and Maroldt, Karl},
  booktitle = {Langues en contact -- {P}idgins -- {C}reoles},
  publisher = {Narr},
  year      = {1977},
  editor    = {Meisel, Jürgen M.},
  address   = {Tübingen},
  pages = {21--53},
}

@Book{Baker2012,
  title={Introduction to {O}ld {E}nglish},
  author={Baker, Peter S.},
  year={2012},
  edition={3},
  publisher={Wiley-Blackwell},
  address={Oxford}
}

@InCollection{Baragona2019,
  title={Being Peevish: {T}eaching students to assess grammatical rules in historical context},
  author={Baragona, Alan},
  booktitle = {Teaching the history of the {E}nglish language},
  publisher = {The Modern Language Association of America},
  year      = {2019},
  editor    = {Moore, Colette and Palmer, Chris C.},
  address   = {New York},
  pages={339--341}
}

@Article{BaranowskiTurton2018,
    Author = {Baranowski, Maciej and Turton, Danielle},
    Title = {The {FOOT}-{STRUT} vowels in {M}anchester: {E}vidence for the diachronic precursor to the split?},
    Journal = {University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics},
    Year = {2018},
    Number = {2},
    Volume = {24},
    Issue = {2},
    Pages = {1--8},
}

@Book{Barber1964,
  title={The {E}nglish language: {A} historical introduction},
  author={Barber, Charles},
  year={1964},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge}
}

@Book{Barber1997,
  title={Early {M}odern {E}nglish},
  author={Barber, Charles},
  year={1997},
  edition={2},
  publisher={Edinburgh University Press},
  address={Edinburgh}
}

@InCollection{Barddal2009,
  author    = {Barðdal, Jóhanna},
  title     = {The development of case in {G}ermanic},
  booktitle = {The Role of Semantic, Pragmatic, and Discourse Factors in the Development of Case},
  publisher = {John Benjamins},
  year      = {2009},
  editor    = {Barðdal, Jóhanna and Chelliah, Shobhana L.},
  pages     = {123--159},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
}

@Book{Barnes1998,
    author    = {Barnes, Michael P.},
    title     = {The {N}orn Language of {O}rkney and {S}hetland},
    publisher = {The Shetland Times},
    year      = {1998},
    address   = {Lerwick},
}

@Article{Bately1964,
    Author = {Bately, Janet M.},
    Title = {Dryden's revision in the \emph{Essay of Dramatic Poesy}: {T}he preposition at the end of the sentence and the expression of the relative},
    Journal = {The Review of English Studies},
    Year = {1964},
    Volume = {15},
    Issue = {59},
    Pages = {268--282},
}

@Article{Bately2009,
    Author = {Bately, Janet M.},
    Title = {Did {K}ing {A}lfred actually translate anything? {T}he integrity of the {A}lfredian canon revisited},
    Journal = {Medium Ævum},
    Year = {2009},
    Volume = {78},
    Number = {2},
    Pages = {189--215},
}

@Article{Beal2000,
    Author = {Beal, Joan C.},
    Title = {From {G}eordie {R}idley to \emph{Viz}: {P}opular literature in {T}yneside {E}nglish},
    Journal = {Language and Literature},
    Year = {2000},
    Volume = {9},
    Issue = {4},
    Pages = {343--259},
}

@InCollection{Beal2008,
  author    = {Beal, Joan C.},
  title     = {English dialects in the North of {E}ngland: {M}orphology and syntax},
  booktitle = {The {B}ritish {I}sles},
  series = {Varieties of {E}nglish},
  publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter},
  year      = {2008},
  volume    = {1},
  editor    = {Kortmann, Bernd and Upton, Clive},
  pages     = {373--403},
  address   = {Berlin},
}

@InCollection{BealCorrigan2005,
  author    = {Beal, Joan C. and Corrigan, Karen P.},
  title     = {No, nay never: {N}egation in {T}yneside {E}nglish},
  booktitle = {Aspects of {E}nglish negation},
  publisher = {John Benjamins},
  year      = {2005},
  editor    = {Iyeiri, Yoko},
  pages     = {139--157},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
}

@article{BechWalkden2016,
  author = {Bech, Kristin and Walkden, George},
  journal = {Nordic Journal of Linguistics},
  title = {English is (still) a {W}est {G}ermanic language},
  volume = {39},
  number = {1},
  pages = {65--100},
  year = {2016},
  comment = {author},
}

@Article{Becker2014,
    Author = {Becker, Kara},
    Title = {(r) we there yet? {T}he change to rhoticity in {N}ew {Y}ork {C}ity {E}nglish},
    Journal = {Language Variation and Change},
    Year = {2014},
    Volume = {26},
    Pages = {141--168},
}

@InCollection{Benskin2004,
  author    = {Benskin, Michael},
  title     = {Chancery standard},
  booktitle = {New perspectives on {E}nglish historical linguistics: {S}elected papers from 12 {ICEHL}, {G}lasgow, 21--26 {A}ugust 2002: {L}exis and transmission},
  publisher = {John Benjamins},
  volume    = {2},
  year      = {2004},
  editor    = {Kay, Christian J. and Hough, Carole A. and Wotherspoon, Irené A.},
  pages     = {1--40},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
}

@Book{Benson1991,
  editor    = {Benson, Larry D.},
  title     = {The {R}iverside {C}haucer},
  edition   = {3},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year      = {1991},
  address   = {Oxford},
}

@Book{Bergs2011,
 author    = {Bergs, Alexander},
 year      = {2011},
 title     = {Social Networks and Historical Sociolinguistics: {S}tudies in Morphosyntactic Variation in the {P}aston Letters (1421--1503)},
 address   = {Berlin},
 publisher = {Walter de Gruyter},
}

@Book{Blake2001,
  author    = {Blake, Barry},
  title     = {Case},
  edition   = {2},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year      = {2001},
  address   = {Cambridge},
}

@Book{Blake1992CHEL,
  title={1066--1476},
  series={The {C}ambridge history of the {E}nglish language},
  volume={2},
  editor={Blake, Norman},
  year={1992},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge}
}

@Article{Boberg2019,
    Author = {Boberg, Charles},
    Title = {A closer look at the {S}hort {F}ront {V}owel {S}hift in {C}anada},
    Journal = {Journal of English Linguistics},
    Year = {2019},
    Volume = {47},
    Issue = {2},
    Pages = {91--119},
}

@Book{BohnCaudery2017,
  author = {Bohn, Ocke-Schwen and Caudery, Tim},
  title={The sounds of {E}nglish: {A}n activity-based course in {E}nglish phonetics and phonology},
  year={2017},
  publisher={Aarhus University Press},
  address={Aarhus}
}

@InCollection{Bolze2013,
  author = {Bolze, Christine},
  title = {The verb \emph{to be} in the {W}est {S}axon {G}ospels and the {L}indisfarne {G}ospels},
  booktitle = {Comparative studies in {E}arly {G}ermanic languages, with a focus on verbal categories},
  publisher = {John Benjamins},
  year = {2013},
  editor = {Diewald, Gabriele and Kahlas-Tarkka, Lena and Wischer, Ilse},
  pages = {217--234},
  address = {Amsterdam},
}

@InCollection{Boyd2019,
  title={{HEL} and the {K}-12 curriculum: {T}he {C}ommon {C}ore {S}tate {S}tandards},
  author={Boyd, Matthieu},
  booktitle = {Teaching the history of the {E}nglish language},
  publisher = {The Modern Language Association of America},
  year      = {2019},
  editor    = {Moore, Colette and Palmer, Chris C.},
  address   = {New York},
  pages={269--279}
}

@InCollection{Breeze2002,
  author = {Breeze, Andrew},
  title = {Seven types of {C}eltic loanword},
  booktitle = {The {C}eltic roots of {E}nglish},
  publisher = {University of Joensuu},
  year = {2002},
  editor = {Filppula, Markku and Juhani Klemola and Heli Pitkänen},
  pages = {175--181},
  address = {Joensuu},
}

@Book{Brinton1988,
    author={Brinton, Laurel J.},
    title={The development of {E}nglish aspectual systems: {A}spectualizers and post-verbal particles},
    year={1988},
    publisher={Cambridge University Press},
    address={Cambridge},
}

@Book{Bronte2006,
  author = {Bront\"{e}, Charlotte},
  title={Jane {E}yre},
  year={2006},
  publisher={Penguin Books},
  address={London}
}

@InCollection{BoerjarsEtal2013,
  crossref={BoerjarsDenisonScott2013book},
  title={Expression of possession in {E}nglish: {T}he significance of the right edge},
  booktitle={Morphosyntactic categories and the expression of possession},
  author={Börjars, Kersti and Denison, David and Krajewski, Grzegorz and Scott, Alan},
  pages={123--148}
}

@Book{BoerjarsDenisonScott2013book,
  title={Morphosyntactic categories and the expression of possession},
  editor={Börjars, Kersti and Denison, David and Scott, Alan},
  year={2013},
  publisher={John Benjamins},
  address={Amsterdam},
}

@Book{BraberRobinson2018,
  title={East {M}idlands {E}nglish},
  author={Braber, Natalie and Robinson, Jonnie},
  year={2018},
  publisher={Mouton de Gruyter},
  address={Berlin}
}

@Article{BresnanMchombo,
    Author = {Bresnan, Joan and Mchombo, Sam A.},
    Title = {The lexical integrity principle: {E}vidence from {B}antu},
    Journal = {Natural Language and Linguistic Theory},
    Year = {1995},
    Volume = {13},
    Pages = {181--254},
}

@InCollection{BrownGilman1960,
  author    = {Brown, Roger and Gilman, Albert},
  title     = {Pronouns of power and solidarity},
  booktitle = {Style in language},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  year      = {1960},
  editor    = {Sebeok, Thomas A.},
  pages     = {253--276},
  address   = {Cambridge, MA},
}

@Article{Buck2003,
    Author = {Buck, R. A.},
    Title = {Why? and {H}ow? -- {T}eaching the history of the {E}nglish language in our new millennium},
    Journal = {English Today},
    Year = {2003},
    Volume = {19},
    Issue = {1},
    Pages = {44--49},
}

@Book{Burchfield1994,
  series={The {C}ambridge history of the {E}nglish language},
  volume={5},
  title={English in {B}ritain and overseas: {O}rigins and development},
  editor={Burchfield, Robert},
  year={1994},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge }
}

@Article{BuringhVanZanden2009,
    Author = {Buringh, Eltjo and Van Zanden, Jan Luiten},
    Title = {Charting the ``{R}ise of the {W}est'': {M}anuscripts and Printed Books in {E}urope, A Long-Term Perspective from the Sixth through Eighteenth Centuries},
    Journal = {Journal of Economic History},
    Year = {2009},
    Volume = {69},
    Issue = {2},
    Pages = {409--445},
}

@InCollection{Burnley2003,
  author    = {Burnley, David},
  title     = {The {T}/{V} pronouns in later {M}iddle {E}nglish literature},
  booktitle = {Diachronic perspectives on address term systems},
  publisher = {John Benjamins},
  year      = {2003},
  editor    = {Jucker, Andreas H. and Taavitsainen, Irma},
  pages     = {27--45},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
}

@Book{Bybee2015,
 author    = {Bybee, Joan},
 year      = {2015},
 title     = {Language change},
 address   = {Cambridge},
 publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
}

@Book{Campbell2013,
  title={Historical linguistics: {A}n introduction},
  author={Campbell, Lyle},
  year={2013},
  edition={3},
  publisher={MIT Press},
  address={Cambridge},
}

@Book{CampbellPoser2008,
  title={Language classification: {H}istory and method},
  author={Campbell, Lyle and Poser, William J.},
  year={2008},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge},
}

@Book{Carnie2013,
  title={Syntax: {A} generative introduction},
  author={Carnie, Andrew},
  year={2013},
  issue={3},
  publisher={Wiley-Blackwell},
  address={Oxford},
}

@InCollection{CassidyHall2001,
  author    = {Cassidy, Frederic G. and Joan Houston Hall},
  title     = {Americanisms},
  series={The {C}ambridge history of the {E}nglish language},
  volume={6},
  booktitle = {English in {N}orth {A}merica},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year      = {2001},
  editor    = {Algeo, John},
  pages     = {184--218},
  address   = {Cambridge},
}

@InProceedings{Cavell2015,
	Author = {Cavell, Megan},
	Booktitle = {The {R}iddle {A}ges: {O}ld {E}nglish Riddles, Translations and Commentaries},
	Title = {Riddle 47 (or 45)},
	Year = {2015},
	editors = {Cavell, Megan and Symons, Victoria and Ammon, Matthias},
    url = {https://theriddleages.wordpress.com/2015/10/27/riddle-47-or-45/},
}

@Book{ChambersTrudgill1998,
  title={Dialectology},
  author={Chambers, Jack K. and Peter Trudgill},
  year={1998},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge}
}

@Book{Celata2013,
  title={Advances in sociophonetics},
  author={Celata, Chiara and Calamai, Silvia},
  publisher = {John Benjamins},
  year      = {2013},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
}

@Book{Cartlidge2001,
  title={The {O}wl and the {N}ightingale. {T}ext and Translation},
  author={Cartlidge, Neil},
  year={2001},
  publisher={University of Exeter Press},
  address={Exeter}
}

@InCollection{Cermak2012,
  author    = {Čermák, Jan},
  title     = {Heaney's {B}eowulf: {G}leaning the unsaid off the palpable},
  booktitle = {Beowulf at {K}alamazoo: {E}ssays on translation and performance},
  publisher = {Medieval Institute Publications},
  year      = {2012},
  editor    = {Schulman, Jana K. and Szarmach, Paul E.},
  pages     = {301--304},
  address   = {Michigan},
}

@Article{Ching1987,
    Author = {Ching, Marvin K. L.},
    Title = {How fixed is \textit{fixin' to}?},
    Journal = {American Speech},
    Year = {1987},
    Volume = {62},
    Number = {4},
    Pages = {332--345}
}

@Book{Clackson2007,
  title={Indo-{E}uropean linguistics: {A}n introduction},
  author={Clackson, James},
  year={2007},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge},
}

@Book{Clark2016,
  title={The {T}aken},
  author={Clark-Platts, Alice},
  year={2016},
  publisher={Penguin Books},
  address={London},
}

@Article{Coates2017,
    Author = {Coates, Richard},
    Title = {Celtic whispers: {R}evisiting the problems of the relation between {B}rittonic and {O}ld {E}nglish},
    Journal = {Namenkundliche Informationen},
    Year = {2017},
    Volume = {109--110},
    Pages = {147--173},
}


@Book{ChambersTrudgill1991,
  title={Dialects of {E}nglish: {S}tudies in grammatical variation},
  author={Chambers, Jack K. and Peter Trudgill},
  year={1991},
  publisher={Longman},
  address={Essex},
}

@Article{Cole2017,
    Author = {Cole, Marcelle},
    Title = {Subject and adjacency effects in the {O}ld {N}orthumbrian gloss to the {L}indisfarne {G}ospels},
    Journal = {English Language and Linguistics},
    Year = {2017},
    Volume = {23},
    Issue = {1},
    Pages = {131--154},
}

@Article{Cole2018,
    Author = {Cole, Marcelle},
    Title = {A native origin for {P}resent-{D}ay {E}nglish \emph{they, their, them}},
    Journal = {Diachronica},
    Year = {2018},
    Volume = {35},
    Issue = {2},
    Pages = {165--209},
}

@Book{Collins2009,
  title={Modals and quasi-modals in {E}nglish},
  author={Collins, Peter},
  year={2009},
  publisher={Rodopi},
  address={Amsterdam / New York}
}

@PhdThesis{Conrod2019,
  title = {Pronouns raising and emerging},
  author = {Conrod, Kirby},
  school = {University of Washington},
  year = {2019},
  address = {Seattle, WA},
}

@Book{Corbett1991,
  title={Gender},
  author={Corbett, Greville G.},
  year={1991},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge},
}

@Book{CouplandThomas1990,
  title={{E}nglish in {W}ales: {D}iversity, conflict, and change},
  editor={Coupland, Nikolas and Thomas, Alan R.},
  year={1990},
  publisher={Multilingual Matters},
  address={Clevedon/Philadelphia}
}

@Book{Crosby1972,
  title={The {C}olumbian exchange: {B}iological and cultural consequences of 1492},
  author={Crosby, Alfred W.},
  year={1972},
  publisher={Greenwood},
  address={Westport, CT},
}

@Book{Crystal2005,
  Author = {Crystal, David},
  title={The stories of {E}nglish},
  year={2005},
  publisher={Penguin Books},
  address={London},
}

@InCollection{Crystal2006,
  author = {Crystal, David},
  title = {English world-wide},
  booktitle = {A history of the {E}nglish language},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year = {2006},
  editor = {Hogg, Richard M. and Denison, David},
  pages = {420--439},
  address = {Cambridge},
}

@Book{Crystal2006fight,
  Author = {Crystal, David},
  title={The fight for {E}nglish: {H}ow language pundits ate, shot, and left},
  year={2006},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford},
}

@Book{Curzan2003,
  title={Gender shifts in the history of {E}nglish},
  author={Curzan, Anne},
  year={2003},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge}
}

@Book{Curzan2014,
  title={Fixing {E}nglish: {P}rescriptivism and language history},
  author={Curzan, Anne},
  year={2014},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge}
}

@Article{DallastonDocherty2020,
    Author = {Dallaston, Katherine and Gerard Docherty},
    Title = {The quantitative prevalence of creaky voice (vocal fry) in varieties of {E}nglish: {A} systematic review of the literature},
    Journal = {PLOS One},
    Year = {2020},
    Volume = {15},
    Number = {3},
    Pages = {e0229960},
}

@Book{Dalrymple2019,
  title={The {A}narchy: {T}he relentless rise of the {E}ast {I}ndia {C}ompany},
  author={Dalrymple, William},
  year={2019},
  publisher={Bloomsbury},
  address={London}
}

@Book{Dalton-Puffer1996,
  title={The {F}rench influence on {M}iddle {E}nglish morphology},
  author={Dalton-Puffer, Christiane},
  year={1996},
  publisher={Mouton de Gruyter},
  address={Berlin}
}

@InCollection{Dance2012,
  author    = {Dance, Richard},
  title     = {English in contact: {N}orse},
  booktitle = {English historical linguistics: {A}n international handbook},
  publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter},
  year      = {2012},
  volume    = {2},
  editor    = {Bergs, Alexander and Brinton, Laurel J.},
  pages     = {1724--1737},
  address   = {Berlin},
}

@Book{DaRoldEtal2010,
  title={The Production and Use of {E}nglish Manuscripts 1060 to 1220},
  editor={Da Rold, Orietta and Kato, Takako and Swan, Mary and Treharne, Elaine},
  year={2010},
  publisher={University of Leicester},
  address = {Leicester},
  url={https://www.le.ac.uk/english/em1060to1220},
}

@Unpublished{Davies2008,
  author = {Davies, Mark},
  year = {2008},
  title = {The {C}orpus of {C}ontemporary {A}merican {E}nglish ({COCA}): {O}ne billion words, 1990-2019},
  url = {https://www.english-corpora.org/coca/},
}

@Book{Davidson2010,
  title={Medievalism, multilingualism, and {C}haucer},
  author={Davidson, Mary C.},
  year={2010},
  publisher={Palgrave Macmillan},
  address={London}
}

@Book{DavisSecord2016,
  title={Joinings: {C}ompound words in {O}ld {E}nglish literature},
  author={Davis-Secord, Jonathan},
  year={2016},
  publisher={University of Toronto Press},
  address={Toronto},
}

@Article{DeHaasVanKemenade2014,
    Author = {de Haas, Nynke and van Kemenade, Ans},
    Title = {The origin of the {N}orthern {S}ubject {R}ule: {S}ubject positions and verbal morphosyntax in older {E}nglish},
    Journal = {English Language and Linguistics},
    Year = {2014},
    Volume = {19},
    Issue = {1},
    Pages = {49--81},
}

@InCollection{Dekeyser1986,
	Author = {Dekeyser, Xavier},
	Booktitle = {Linguistics across Historical and Geographical Boundaries},
	Editor = {Kastovsky, Dieter and Szwedek, Aleksander},
	Publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter},
	Address = {Berlin},
	Title = {Romance loans in {M}iddle {E}nglish: {A} re-assessment},
	Year = {1986},
    Pages = {253--265},
}

@InCollection{denBesten1989,
  author    = {den Besten, Hans},
  title     = {On the Interaction of Root Transformations and Lexical Deletive Rules},
  booktitle = {Studies in {W}est {G}ermanic syntax},
  publisher = {Rodopi},
  year      = {1989},
  editor    = {den Besten, Hans},
  pages     = {14--100},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
}

@Book{Denison1993,
  title     = {English historical syntax: {V}erbal constructions},
  publisher = {Longman},
  year      = {1993},
  author    = {Denison, David},
  address   = {London},
}

@Book{DiscenzaSzarmach2015,
  editor    = {Discenza, Nicole G. and Szarmach, Paul E.},
  title     = {A Companion to {A}lfred the {G}reat},
  publisher = {Brill},
  year      = {2015},
  address   = {Leiden},
}

@Book{DonaherKatz2015,
  title={Ain'thology: {T}he history and life of a taboo word},
  editor={Donaher, Patricia and Katz, Seth},
  year={2015},
  publisher={Cambridge Scholars Publishing},
  address={Newcastle-upon-Tyne},
}

@Book{Drinka2017,
  title={Language contact in {E}urope: {T}he periphrastic perfect through history},
  author={Drinka, Bridget},
  year={2017},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge},
}

@Book{Drinkwater2007,
  title={The {A}lamanni and {R}ome 213--496: {C}aracalla to {C}lovis},
  author={Drinkwater, John F.},
  year={2007},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford},
}

@Article{DroutChauvet2015,
  author = {Drout, Michael D. C. and Chauvet, Elie},
  journal = {Anglia},
  pages = {278--319},
  title = {Tracking the Moving Ratio of þ to ð in {A}nglo-{S}axon Texts: {A} New Method, and Evidence for a Lost {O}ld {E}nglish Version of the `{S}ong of the {T}hree {Y}ouths'},
  volume = {133},
  year = {2015},
}

@Article{Duffell2000,
    Author = {Duffell, Martin J.},
    Title = {Lydgate's metrical inventiveness and his debt to {C}haucer},
    Journal = {Parergon},
    Year = {2000},
    Volume = {18},
    Issue = {1},
    Pages = {227--249},
}

@Book{Durkin2014,
  title={Borrowed words},
  author={Durkin, Philip},
  year={2014},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford}
}

@PhdThesis{Ecay2015,
  title = {A multi-step analysis of the evolution of {E}nglish do-support},
  author = {Ecay, Aaron William},
  school = {University of Pennsylvania},
  year = {2015},
  address = {Philadelphia, PA},
}

@Article{Edwards2015,
    Author = {Edwards, J. G. Hansen},
    Title = {{H}ong {K}ong {E}nglish: {A}ttitudes, identity, and use},
    Journal = {Asian Englishes},
    Year = {2015},
    Volume = {17},
    Issue = {3},
    Pages = {184--208},
}

@PhdThesis{Eitler2006,
  author = {Eitler, Tamás},
  title  = {Some sociolectal, dialectal and communicative aspects of word order variation in late {M}iddle {E}nglish},
  school = {Eötvös Loránd University},
  year   = {2006},
}

@InCollection{EitlerWestergaard2014,
  author    = {Eitler, Tamás and Westergaard, Marit},
  title     = {Word order variation in late {M}iddle {E}nglish: {T}he effect of information structure and audience design},
  booktitle = {Information structure and syntactic change in {G}ermanic and {R}omance languages},
  publisher = {John Benjamins},
  year      = {2014},
  editor    = {Bech, Kristin and Eide, Kristine Gunn},
  pages     = {203--232},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
}

@Book{Elenbaas2007,
	Author = {Elenbaas, Marion},
	Publisher = {LOT},
	Address = {Utrecht},
	Title = {The Synchronic and Diachronic Syntax of the {E}nglish Verb–Particle Combination},
	Year = {2007},
}

@Book{Eliot,
  title={The complete poems and plays of {T}. {S}. {E}liot},
  author={Eliot, T. S.},
  year={1977},
  publisher={Book Club Associates},
  address={London}
}

@Book{Ellegard1953,
  title={The auxiliary \emph{do}: {T}he establishment and regulation of its use in {E}nglish},
  author={Ellegård, Alvar},
  year={1953},
  publisher={Almqvist \& Wiksell},
  address={Stockholm}
}

@Article{Escudero2004,
    Author = {Escudero, Paola and Boersma, Paul},
    Title = {Bridging the gap between {L}2 speech perception research and phonological theory},
    Journal = {Studies in Second Language Acquisition},
    Year = {2004},
    Volume = {26},
    Issue = {4},
    Pages = {551--585},
}

@PhdThesis{Feddema2013,
  title = {The 'arse that {J}ack built: {A} diachronic study of h-dropping in {E}nglish},
  author = {Feddema, Sanne},
  school = {Utrecht University},
  year = {2013},
  address = {Utrecht},
}

@Book{Feist1924,
  title={Indogermanen und {G}ermanen: {E}in {B}eitrag zur europäischen {U}rgeschichtsforschung},
  author={Feist, Sigmund},
  year={1924},
  edition={3},
  publisher={Max Niemeyer},
  address={Halle},
}

@Book{Fennell2001,
  title={A history of {E}nglish: {A} sociolinguistic approach},
  author={Fennell, Barbara A.},
  year={2001},
  publisher={Routledge},
  address={Oxford and Malden, MA}
}

@Book{Findell2014,
  title={Runes},
  author={Findell, Martin},
  year={2014},
  publisher={British Museum Press},
  address={London},
}

@Article{FirthWagner1997,
    Author = {Firth, Alan and Wagner, Johannes},
    Title = {Second/foreign language learning as a social accomplishment: {Elaborations} on a reconceptualized {SLA}},
    Journal = {The Modern Language Journal},
    Year = {2007},
    Volume = {91},
    Pages = {800--819},
}

@Book{Fischer2007,
  title     = {Morphosyntactic change: {F}unctional and formal perspectives},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year      = {2007},
  author    = {Fischer, Olga},
  address   = {Oxford},
}

@Book{FischerDeSmetvanderWurff2017,
  title     = {A brief history of {E}nglish syntax},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year      = {2017},
  author    = {Fischer, Olga and De Smet, Hendrik and van der Wurff, Wim},
  address   = {Cambridge},
}

@Book{Fischeretal2000,
  title     = {The syntax of {E}arly {E}nglish},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year      = {2000},
  author    = {Fischer, Olga and van Kemenade, Ans and Koopman, Willem and van der Wurff, Wim},
  address   = {Cambridge},
}

@Article{Fisher1977,
  author    = {Fisher, John Hurt},
  title     = {Chancery and the emergence of standard written {E}nglish in the fifteenth century},
  Journal   = {Speculum},
  Year      = {1977},
  Volume    = {52},
  Pages     = {870--899},
}

@InCollection{Fisher2001,
  author    = {Fisher, John Hurt},
  title     = {British and {A}merican, continuity and divergence},
  series={The {C}ambridge history of the {E}nglish language},
  volume={6},
  booktitle = {English in {N}orth {A}merica},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year      = {2001},
  editor    = {Algeo, John},
  pages     = {59--85},
  address   = {Cambridge},
}

@Book{Fishman1972,
  title={The sociology of language: {A}n interdisciplinary social science approach to language in society},
  author={Fishman, Joshua A.},
  year={1972},
  publisher={Newbury House},
  address={Rowley, MA}
}

@Book{FishmanGar2011,
  title={Handbook of language and ethnic identity. {T}he success-failure continuum in language and ethnic identity efforts},
  editor={Fishman, Joshua A. and Ofelia Garc\'{i}a},
  year={2011},
  volume={2},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford}
}

@Book{Fitch2010,
  title={The evolution of language},
  author={Fitch, W. Tecumseh},
  year={2010},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge},
}

@Book{Fleming2010,
    title={Britain after {R}ome: {T}he fall and rise, 400--1070},
    author={Fleming, Robin},
    year={2010},
    publisher={Penguin},
    address={London},
}

@Book{Foucault2007,
  title={Security, territory, population: {L}ectures at the {C}ollège de {F}rance, 1977--78},
  author={Foucault, Michel},
  year={2007},
  origyear={1978},
  publisher={Palgrave Macmillan},
  address={London},
  note={Translated by Graham Burchell}
}

@Book{Fought2003,
  title={{C}hicano {E}nglish in context},
  author={Fought, Carmen},
  year={2003},
  publisher={Palgrave Macmillan},
  address={New York, NY}
}

@Article{Freeman2018,
    Author = {Freeman, Aaron},
    Title = {Patterns of retention of the instrumental case in {O}ld {E}nglish},
    Journal = {North-Western European Language Evolution},
    Year = {2018},
    Volume = {71},
    Issue = {1},
    Pages = {35--55},
}

@Book{Freidin2019,
  title={Adventures in {E}nglish syntax},
  author={Freidin, Robert},
  year={2019},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge}
}

@Article{Freund2016,
    Author = {Freund, Nina},
    Title = {Recent change in the use of stative verbs in the progressive form in {B}ritish {E}nglish: \textit{I'm loving it}},
    Journal = {University of {R}eading Language Studies Working Papers},
    Year = {2016},
    Volume = {7},
    Pages = {50--61}
}

@Book{Fritz2005,
  title={From {E}nglish in {A}ustralia to {A}ustralian {E}nglish},
  author={Fritz, Clemens W. A.},
  year={2005},
  publisher={Peter Lang},
  address={Oxford},
}

@Book{Fulk2018,
  author    = {Fulk, Robert D.},
  title     = {A comparative grammar of the {Early} {Germanic} languages},
  publisher = {John Benjamins},
  year      = {2018},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
}

@Book{Gaiman2017,
  title={Norse Mythology},
  author={Gaiman, Neil},
  year={2017},
  publisher={Bloomsbury},
  address={London},
}

@InCollection{Gargesh2020,
  author = {Gargesh, Ravinder},
  title = {South {A}sian {E}nglishes},
  booktitle = {The handbook of world {E}nglishes},
  publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
  year = {2020},
  edition = {2},
  editor = {Nelson, Cecil L. and Proshina, Zoya G. and Davis, Daniel R.},
  pages = {107--134},
  address = {Oxford}
}

@Book{Gee2014,
  title={An introduction to {D}iscourse {A}nalysis},
  author={Gee, James Paul},
  year={2014},
  edition = {4},
  publisher={Routledge},
  address={London}
}

@Book{Gerrard2013,
  title={The ruin of {R}oman {B}ritain: {A}n archaeological perspective},
  author={Gerrard, James},
  year={2013},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge}
}

@InCollection{Giancarlo2017,
  title={Philology, theory, and critical thinking through the history of the {E}nglish {L}anguage},
  author={Giancarlo, Matthew},
  pages={195--209},
  booktitle={Approaches to teaching the history of the {E}nglish language: {P}edagogy in practice},
  editor={Hayes, Mary and Burkette, Allison},
  year={2017},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford}
}

@InCollection{Gimbutas1970,
  author = {Gimbutas, Marija},
  title = {Proto-{I}ndo-{E}uropean culture: {T}he {K}urgan culture during the 5th to the 3rd millennia {B}.{C}.},
  booktitle = {Indo-{E}uropean and {I}ndo-{E}uropeans},
  publisher = {University of Pennsylvania Press},
  year = {1970},
  editor = {Cardona, G. and Koenigswald, Henry M. and Senn, A.},
  pages = {155--198},
  address = {Philadelphia}
}

@InCollection{Godden1992,
  title={Literary language},
  series={The {C}ambridge history of the {E}nglish language},
  volume={1},
  booktitle = {The beginnings to 1066},
  author={Godden, Malcolm},
  year={1992},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  editor={Hogg, Richard M.},
  address={Cambridge},
  pages={490--535},
}

@Article{Godden2007,
    Author = {Godden, Malcolm},
    Title = {Did {K}ing {A}lfred write anything?},
    Journal = {Medium Ævum},
    Year = {2007},
    Volume = {76},
    Number = {1},
    Pages = {1--23}
}

@Book{Godden2016,
  title={The {O}ld {E}nglish History of the World: {A}n {A}nglo-{S}axon Rewriting of {O}rosius},
  editor={Godden, Malcolm},
  year={2016},
  publisher={Harvard University Press},
  address={Harvard, MA},
}

@Book{Gordonetal2004,
  title={{N}ew {Z}ealand {E}nglish. {I}ts origins and evolution},
  editor={Gordon, Elizabeth and Lyle Campbell and Jennifer Hay and Margaret Maclagan and Andrea Sudbury and Peter Trudgill},
  year={2004},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge},
}

@Book{Gowers1986,
  author    = {Gowers, Ernest},
  title     = {The complete plain words},
  publisher = {Penguin},
  year      = {1986},
  edition   = {3},
  address   = {Harmondsworth},
  note      = {Revised by Sidney Greenbaum and Janet Whitcut},
}

@Book{Gorlach1999,
  title={English in nineteenth-century {E}ngland: {A}n Introduction},
  author={G\"{o}rlach, Manfred},
  year={1999},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge},
}

@InCollection{Gorlach1986,
  title={Middle {E}nglish -- a creole?},
  author={G\"{o}rlach, Manfred},
  booktitle={Linguistics across historical and geographical boundaries},
  publisher={Mouton de Gruyter},
  year={1986},
  editor={Kastovsky, Dieter and Szwedek, Aleksander},
  pages={329--344},
  address={Berlin},
}

@Book{Green2002,
  title={African {A}merican {E}nglish: {A} linguistic introduction},
  author={Green, Lisa},
  year={2002},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge}
}

@InCollection{Grimmer2007,
  title={Britons in early {W}essex: {T}he evidence of the law code of {I}ne},
  booktitle = {The {B}ritons in {A}nglo-{S}axon {E}ngland},
  author={Grimmer, Martin},
  year={2007},
  publisher={Boydell \& Brewer},
  editor={Higham, Nicholas J.},
  address={Woodbridge},
  pages={102--114},
}

@InCollection{Gruenewald2019,
  author    = {Grünewald, Christoph},
  title     = {Weiter {H}orizont: {D}er {H}ortfund und das {G}räberfeld von {B}eelen},
  booktitle = {Saxones},
  publisher = {wbg Theiss},
  year      = {2019},
  editor    = {Babette Ludovici},
  pages     = {176--179},
  address   = {Darmstadt},
}

@Book{Guy2004,
  title={My heart is my own: {T}he life of {M}ary {Q}ueen of {S}cots},
  author={Guy, John},
  year={2004},
  publisher={Penguin},
  address={London},
}

@Article{Haak2015,
    Author = {Haak, Wolfgang and Lazaridis, Iosif and Patterson, Nick and Rohland, Nadin and Mallick, Swapan and Llamas, Bastien and Brandt, Guido and Nordenfelt, Susanne and Harney, Eadaoin and Stewardson, Kristin and Fu, Qiaomei and Mittnik, Alissa and Bánffy, Eszter and Economou, Christos and Francken, Michael and Friederich, Susanne and Garrido Pena, Rafael and Hallgren, Fredrik and Khartanovich, Valery and Khokhlov, Aleksandr and Kunst, Michael and Kuznetsov, Pavel and Meller, Harald and Mochalov, Oleg and Moiseyev, Vayacheslav and Nicklisch, Nicole and Pichler, Sandra L. and Risch, Roberto and Rojo Guerra, Manuel A. and Roth, Christina and Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna and Wahl, Joachim and Meyer, Matthias and Krause, Johannes and Brown, Dorcas and Anthony, David and Cooper, Alan and Alt, Kurt Werner and Reich, David},
    Title = {Massive migration from the steppe was a source for {I}ndo-{E}uropean languages in {E}urope},
    Journal = {Nature},
    Year = {2015},
    Volume = {522},
    Pages = {207--211}
}

@Article{Hadley1997,
  author = {Hadley, Dawn},
  journal = {Anglo-Norman England},
  pages = {69--96},
  title = {`{A}nd they proceeded to plough and to support themselves': {T}he {S}candinavian settlement of {E}ngland},
  volume = {19},
  year = {1997}
}

@InCollection{Hadley2009,
  author    = {Hadley, Dawn},
  title     = {Scandinavian settlement},
  booktitle = {A companion to the {E}arly {M}iddle {A}ges: {B}ritain and {I}reland c. 500--c. 1100},
  publisher = {Blackwell},
  year      = {2009},
  editor    = {Stafford, Pauline},
  pages     = {212--230},
  address   = {Oxford},
}

@article{HaeberliIhsane2016,
	Author = {Haeberli, Eric and Ihsane, Tabea},
	Journal = {Natural Language and Linguistic Theory},
	Pages = {497--542},
	Title = {Revisiting the loss of verb movement in the history of {E}nglish},
	Volume = {34},
	Year = {2016},
}

@InCollection{Hall1985,
  title={Lip service on the fantasy lines},
  author={Hall, Kira},
  pages={183--226},
  booktitle={Gender Articulated: {L}anguage and the Socially Constructed Self},
  editor={Hall, Kira and Mary Bucholtz},
  year={1985},
  publisher={Routledge},
  address={New York}
}

@Book{Halsall2013,
    title={Worlds of {A}rthur: {F}acts and fictions of the {D}ark {A}ges},
    author={Halsall, Guy},
    year={2013},
    publisher={Oxford University Press},
    address={Oxford},
}

@Book{HallBucholtz1985,
  title={Gender Articulated: {L}anguage and the Socially Constructed Self},
  editor={Hall, Kira and Mary Bucholtz},
  year={1985},
  publisher={Routledge},
  address={New York}
}

@Article{Harland2017,
    Author = {Harland, James M.},
    Title = {Rethinking ethnicity and `otherness' in {A}nglo-{S}axon {E}ngland},
    Journal = {Medieval Worlds},
    Year = {2017},
    Volume = {5},
    Pages = {113--142}
}

@Article{Harland2019,
    Author = {Harland, James M.},
    Title = {Memories of migration? {T}he `{A}nglo-{S}axon' burial costume of the fifth century {AD}},
    Journal = {Antiquity},
    Year = {2019},
    Volume = {93},
    Issue = {370},
    Pages = {954--969}
}

@InCollection{Haspelmath2013,
  author    = {Haspelmath, Martin},
  title     = {Negative Indefinite Pronouns and Predicate Negation},
  booktitle = {The World Atlas of Language Structures Online},
  publisher = {Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology},
  year      = {2013},
  editor    = {Matthew S. Dryer and Martin Haspelmath},
  url       = {http://wals.info/chapter/115},
  address   = {Leipzig},
}

@Article{Haugen1966,
    Author = {Haugen, Einar},
    Title = {Dialect, language, nation},
    Journal = {American Anthropologist},
    Year = {1966},
    Volume = {68},
    Issue = {4},
    Pages = {922--935}
}

@InCollection{Hayes2017,
  title={Serving time in `{HELL}'},
  author={Hayes, Mary},
  pages={59--69},
  booktitle={Approaches to teaching the history of the {E}nglish language: {P}edagogy in practice},
  editor={Hayes, Mary and Burkette, Allison},
  year={2017},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford}
}

@Book{HayesBurkette2017book,
  title={Approaches to teaching the history of the {E}nglish language: {P}edagogy in practice},
  editor={Hayes, Mary and Burkette, Allison},
  year={2017},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford}
}

@InCollection{HayesBurkette2017intro,
  title={Introduction},
  author={Hayes, Mary and Burkette, Allison},
  pages={1--10},
  booktitle={Approaches to teaching the history of the {E}nglish language: {P}edagogy in practice},
  editor={Hayes, Mary and Burkette, Allison},
  year={2017},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford}
}

@Book{Heaney2000,
  author    = {Heaney, Seamus},
  title     = {Beowulf: {A} new verse translation},
  publisher = {Faber and Faber},
  year      = {2000},
  address   = {London},
}

@Book{Heather1996,
  author    = {Heather, Peter},
  title     = {The {G}oths},
  publisher = {Blackwell},
  year      = {1996},
  address   = {Oxford},
}

@Article{Heggarty2014,
  author    = {Heggarty, Paul},
  title     = {Prehistory by {B}ayesian phylogenetics? {T}he state of the art of {I}ndo-{E}uropean origins},
  Journal   = {Antiquity},
  year      = {2014},
  volume    = {88},
  pages     = {566--577},
}

@Article{Hejna2018,
    Author = {Hejn\'{a}, M\'{i}\v{s}a},
    Title = {`{F}ax it up.' – `{Y}es, it does rather.' {T}he relationship between {TRAP}, {STRUT}, and {START} in {A}berystwyth {E}nglish},
    Journal = {Proceedings of FONETIK 2018. The XXXth Swedish Phonetics Conference, Gothenburg, June 7-8},
    Year = {2018},
    Pages = {27--32},
}

@Article{HernandezCampoyCondeSilvestre2004,
    Author = {Conde-Silvestre, Juan Camilo and Hernández-Campoy, Juan M.},
    Title = {A sociolinguistic approach to the diffusion of {C}hancery written practices in late fifteenth century private correspondence},
    Journal = {Neuphilologische Mitteilungen},
    Year = {2004},
    Volume = {105},
    Issue = {2},
    Pages = {133--152},
}

@Article{Herold1997,
    Author = {Herold, Ruth},
    Title = {Solving the actuation problem: {M}erger and immigration in eastern {P}ennsylvania},
    Journal = {Language Variation and Change},
    Year = {1997},
    Volume = {9},
    Pages = {165--189}
}

@InCollection{Hickey2003,
  title     = {Rectifying a standard deficiency: {S}econd-person pronominal distinctions in varieties of {E}nglish},
  author    = {Hickey, Raymond},
  booktitle = {Diachronic perspectives on address term systems},
  publisher = {John Benjamins},
  year      = {2003},
  editor    = {Jucker, Andreas H. and Taavitsainen, Irma},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  pages     = {343--374},
}

@Book{Hickey2007,
  title={{I}rish {E}nglish: {H}istory and present-day forms},
  author={Hickey, Raymond},
  year={2007},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge}
}

@InCollection{Hickey2012,
  author    = {Hickey, Raymond},
  title     = {Early {E}nglish and the {C}eltic hypothesis},
  booktitle = {The {O}xford handbook of the history of {E}nglish},
  year      = {2012},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  editor    = {Nevalainen, Terttu and Traugott, Elizabeth Closs},
  address   = {Oxford},
  pages     = {497--507},
}

@InCollection{Hickey2019,
  title={Standardization: {H}ow standards of language develop},
  author={Hickey, Raymond},
  booktitle = {Teaching the history of the {E}nglish language},
  publisher = {The Modern Language Association of America},
  year      = {2019},
  editor    = {Moore, Colette and Palmer, Chris C.},
  address   = {New York},
  pages={44--53}
}

@Book{Higham1992,
  title={Rome, {B}ritain and the {A}nglo-{S}axons},
  author={Higham, Nicholas J.},
  year={1992},
  publisher={Seaby},
  address={London}
}

@InCollection{Higham2013,
  author    = {Higham, Nicholas J.},
  title     = {The origins of {E}ngland},
  booktitle = {The {A}nglo-{S}axon world},
  publisher = {Yale University Press},
  year      = {2013},
  editor    = {Higham, Nicholas J. and Ryan, Martin J.},
  pages     = {70--125},
  address   = {Yale},
}

@InCollection{Hills2015,
  author    = {Hills, Catherine},
  title     = {The {A}nglo-{S}axon migration: {A}n archaeological case study of disruption},
  booktitle = {Migrations and disruptions: {T}oward a unifying theory of ancient and contemporary migrations},
  publisher = {University of Florida Press},
  year      = {2015},
  editor    = {Baker, Brenda J. and Tsuda, Takeyuki},
  address   = {Gainesville, FL},
  pages     = {33--51},
}

@Book{Hiltunen1983,
  title={The Decline of the Prefixes and the Beginnings of the {O}ld {E}nglish Phrasal Verb: {T}he Evidence from some {O}ld and Early {M}iddle {E}nglish Texts},
  author={Hiltunen, Risto},
  year={1983},
  publisher={Turun yliopisto},
  address={Turku},
}

@Book{Hobsbawm1990,
  title={Nations and nationalism since 1780: {P}rogramme, myth, reality},
  author={Hobsbawm, Eric J.},
  year={1990},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge}
}

@InCollection{Hogg1988,
  author = {Hogg, Richard M.},
  title = {On the impossibility of {O}ld {E}nglish dialectology},
  booktitle = {Luick revisited: {P}apers read at the {L}uick symposium at {S}chloss {L}iechtenstein},
  publisher = {Gunter Narr Verlag},
  year = {1988},
  editor = {Kastovsky, Dieter and Gero Bauer},
  pages = {183--203},
  address = {Växjö},
}

@InCollection{Hogg1992,
  title={Phonology and morphology},
  series={The {C}ambridge history of the {E}nglish language},
  volume={1},
  booktitle = {The beginnings to 1066},
  author={Hogg, Richard M.},
  year={1992},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  editor={Hogg, Richard M.},
  address={Cambridge},
  pages={67--167},
}

@InCollection{Hogg2006,
  author    = {Hogg, Richard M.},
  title     = {Old {E}nglish dialectology},
  booktitle = {The handbook of the history of {E}nglish},
  publisher = {Blackwell},
  year      = {2006},
  editor    = {van Kemenade, Ans and Los, Bettelou},
  pages     = {395--416},
  address   = {Oxford},
}

@Book{HoggAlcorn2012,
  author    = {Hogg, Richard M. and Alcorn, Rhona},
  title     = {An introduction to {O}ld {E}nglish},
  publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
  edition   = {2},
  year      = {2012},
  address   = {Edinburgh},
}

@Book{HoggFulk2011,
  author    = {Hogg, Richard M. and Fulk, Robert D.},
  title     = {Morphology},
  series = {A grammar of {O}ld {E}nglish},
  publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
  volume    = {2},
  year      = {2011},
  address   = {Oxford},
}

@Book{Honey1989,
  title={Does accent matter? {T}he {P}ygmalion factor},
  author={Honey, John},
  year={1989},
  publisher={Faber \& Faber},
  address={London}
}

@Book{HopperTraugott2003,
  title={Grammaticalization},
  author={Hopper, Paul J. and Traugott, Elizabeth Closs},
  year={2003},
  edition={2},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge},
}

@Book{HorobinSmith2002,
  title={An introduction to {M}iddle {E}nglish},
  author={Horobin, Simon and Smith, Jeremy J.},
  year={2002},
  publisher={Edinburgh University Press},
  address={Edinburgh}
}

@Article{Howe1997,
    Author = {Howe, Darin},
    Title = {Negation and the history of {A}frican {A}merican {E}nglish},
    Journal = {Language Variation and Change},
    Year = {1997},
    Volume = {9},
    Pages = {267--294},
}

@Book{Hsy2013,
  title={Trading Tongues: {M}erchants, Multilingualism, and Medieval Literature},
  author={Hsy, Jonathan},
  year={2013},
  publisher={Ohio State University Press},
  address={Columbus, OH}
}

@unpublished{Huang2011,
  author = {Huang, Nick},
  year = {2011},
  title = {Multiple modals},
  url = {http://ygdp.yale.edu/phenomena/multiple-modals},
  note = {Yale Grammatical Diversity Project: English in North America. Updated by Tom McCoy (2015) and Katie Martin (2018)},
}

@Book{HuddlestonePullum2002,
  title={The {C}ambridge grammar of the {E}nglish language},
  author={Huddleston, Rodney and Pullum, Geoffrey K.},
  year={2002},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge},
}

@Book{Hundt1998book,
  title={New {Z}ealand {E}nglish grammar: {F}act or fiction?},
  author={Hundt, Marianne},
  year={1998},
  publisher={John Benjamins},
  address={Amsterdam},
}

@InCollection{Hundt1998mandative,
  author = {Hundt, Marianne},
  title = {It is important that this study (should) be based on the analysis of parallel corpora: {O}n the use of the mandative subjunctive in four major varieties of {E}nglish},
  booktitle = {The major varieties of {E}nglish},
  publisher = {Acta Wexionensia},
  year = {1998},
  editor = {Lindquist, Hans and Staffan Klintborg and Magnus Levin and Maria Estling},
  pages = {159--173},
  address = {Växjö},
}

@InCollection{Hundt2004passival,
  author    = {Hundt, Marianne},
  title     = {The passival and the progressive passive: {A} case study of layering in the {E}nglish aspect and voice systems},
  booktitle = {Corpus approaches to grammaticalization in {E}nglish},
  publisher = {John Benjamins},
  year      = {2004},
  editor    = {Lindquist, Hans and Mair, Christian},
  pages     = {79--120},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
}

@InCollection{Hundt2009,
  author = {Hundt, Marianne},
  title = {Colonial lag, colonial innovation or simply language change?},
  booktitle = {One language, two grammars? {D}ifferences between {B}ritish and {A}merican {E}nglish},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year = {2009},
  editor = {Rohdenburg, Günter and Schlüter, Julia},
  pages = {13--37},
  address = {Cambridge},
}

@PhDthesis{Hyllested2014,
  author={Hyllested, Adam},
  title={Word Exchange at the Gates of {E}urope: {F}ive Millennia of Language Contact},
  year={2014},
  school={University of Copenhagen},
  address={Copenhagen},
}

@Article{Ingham2008,
  author = {Ingham, Richard},
  journal = {Studia Anglica Posnaniensia},
  pages = {121--137},
  title = {Contact with {S}candinavian and {L}ate {M}iddle {E}nglish negative concord},
  volume = {44},
  year = {2008},
}

@Book{Ingham2012,
  title={The transmission of {A}nglo-{N}orman: {L}anguage history and language acquisition},
  author={Ingham, Richard},
  year={2012},
  publisher={John Benjamins},
  address={Amsterdam}
}

@InCollection{Ingham2013,
  author = {Ingham, Richard},
  title = {Negation in the history of {E}nglish},
  booktitle = {The history of negation in the languages of {E}urope and the {M}editerranean},
  year = {2013},
  volume = {1},
  editor = {David Willis and Christopher Lucas and Anne Breitbarth},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  address = {Oxford},
  pages = {119--150},
}

@PhdThesis{Iyeiri1992,
  title = {Negative constructions in selected {M}iddle {E}nglish verse texts},
  author = {Iyeiri, Yoko},
  school = {University of St Andrews},
  year = {1992},
  address = {St Andrews},
}

@Book{Iyeiri2001,
  title = {Negative constructions in {M}iddle {E}nglish},
  publisher = {Kyushu University Press},
  year = {2001},
  author = {Iyeiri, Yoko},
  address = {Fukuoka}
}

@Book{Jardine1832,
  title={Criminal Trials},
  author={Jardine, David},
  year={1832},
  volume={1},
  publisher={Charles Knight, Pall Mall East \& The Library of Entertaining Knowledge},
  address={London}
}

@Book{JeffersonPutter2013,
  title={Multilingualism in medieval {B}ritain (c. 1066--1520)},
  editor={Jefferson, Judith A. and Putter, Ad},
  year={2013},
  publisher={Brepols},
  address={Turnhout}
}

@Article{Jenkins2006,
    Author = {Jenkins, Jennifer},
    Title = {Points of view and blind spots: {ELG} and {SLA}},
    Journal = {International Journal of Applied Linguistics},
    Year = {2006},
    Volume = {16},
    Issue = {2},
    Pages = {137--162},
}

@Book{Jespersen1917,
  title = {Negation in {E}nglish and other languages},
  publisher = {A. F. Høst},
  year = {1917},
  author = {Jespersen, Otto},
  address = {Copenhagen}
}

@InCollection{Johansson1980,
  author = {Johansson, Stig},
  title = {Corpus-based studies of {B}ritish and {A}merican {E}nglish},
  booktitle = {Papers from the {S}candinavian {S}ymposium on {S}yntactic {V}ariation, {S}tockholm, {M}ay 18--19, 1979},
  publisher = {Almqvist \& Wiksell},
  year = {1980},
  editor = {Jacobson, Sven},
  pages = {85--100},
  address = {Stockholm},
}

@Book{Jones1997,
  title={The {E}dinburgh history of the {S}cots language},
  editor={Jones, Charles},
  year={1997},
  publisher={Edinburgh University Press},
  address={Edinburgh}
}

@Article{JosephVostersRutten2020,
    Author = {Joseph, John E. and Vosters, Rik and Rutten, Gijsbert},
    Title = {Dialect, language, nation: 50 years on},
    Journal = {Language Policy},
    Year = {2020},
    Volume = {19},
    Pages = {161--182},
}

@InCollection{Jucker2010,
  author = {Jucker, Andreas H.},
  title = {``{I}n curteisie was set ful muchel hir lest'': {P}oliteness in {M}iddle {E}nglish},
  booktitle = {Historical (im)politeness},
  publisher = {Peter Lang},
  year = {2010},
  editor = {Culpeper, Jonathan and Kádár, Dániel Z.},
  pages = {175--200},
  address = {Bern},
}

@Book{JuckerTaavitsainen2013,
  author    = {Jucker, Andreas H. and Taavitsainen, Irma},
  title     = {English historical pragmatics},
  publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
  year      = {2013},
  address   = {Edinburgh},
}

@Article{Juengling2001,
    Author = {Jüngling, Fritz},
    Title = {The origin of the {E}nglish pronoun \emph{she}},
    Journal = {Rivista italiana di linguistica e di dialettologia},
    Year = {2001},
    Volume = {3},
    Pages = {1--23},
}

@InCollection{Kastovsky1992,
  title={Semantics and vocabulary},
  series={The {C}ambridge history of the {E}nglish language},
  volume={1},
  booktitle = {The beginnings to 1066},
  author={Kastovsky, Dieter},
  year={1992},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  editor={Hogg, Richard M.},
  address={Cambridge},
  pages={290--408},
}

@InCollection{Kastovsky2006,
  author = {Kastovsky, Dieter},
  title = {Vocabulary},
  booktitle = {A history of the {E}nglish language},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year = {2006},
  editor = {Hogg, Richard M. and Denison, David},
  pages = {199--270},
  address = {Cambridge},
}

@InProceedings{Keller1925,
	Author = {Keller, Wolfgang},
	Booktitle = {Anglica: {U}ntersuchungen zur englischen {P}hilologie = {F}estschrift für {A}loys {B}randl},
	Title = {Keltisches im englischen {V}erbum},
	Year = {1925},
	Volume = {1},
	Editor = {Horn, Wilhelm},
    Publisher = {Mayer \& Müller},
    Address = {Leipzig},
}

@Article{KershawRoeyrvik2016,
  author = {Kershaw, Jane and Røyrvik, Ellen C.},
  journal = {Antiquity},
  pages = {1670--1680},
  title = {The `{P}eople of the {B}ritish {I}sles' Project and {V}iking Settlement in {E}ngland},
  volume = {90},
  year = {2016},
  comment = {pdf},
}

@InCollection{Kilpioe1993,
  author = {Kilpiö, Matti},
  title = {Syntactic and semantic properties of the present indicative forms of the verb \emph{to be} in {O}ld {E}nglish},
  booktitle = {Early {E}nglish in the computer age: {E}xplorations through the {H}elsinki corpus},
  publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter},
  year = {1993},
  editor = {Rissanen, Matti and Kytö, Merja and Palander-Collin, Minna},
  pages = {97--116},
  address = {Berlin},
}

@InCollection{Koivulehto2002,
  author = {Koivulehto, Jorma},
  title = {Contact with non-{G}ermanic languages {II}: {R}elations to the East},
  booktitle = {The {N}ordic Languages: {A}n International Handbook of the History of the {N}orth {G}ermanic Languages},
  publisher = {de Gruyter},
  year = {1980},
  volume = {1},
  editor = {Bandle, Oscar and Braunmüller, Kurt and Elmevik, Lennart and Hakon Jahr, Ernst and Widmark, Gun and Naumann, Hans-Peter and Karker, Allan and Teleman, Ulf},
  pages = {583--594},
  address = {Berlin},
}

@Book{Kranich2010,
  title={The progressive in modern {E}nglish: {A} corpus-based study of grammaticalization and related changes},
  author={Kranich, Svenja},
  year={2010},
  publisher={Rodopi},
  address={Amsterdam},
}

@Article{Kroch1989,
  author = {Kroch, Anthony},
  title = {Reflexes of grammar in patterns of language change},
  journal = {Language Variation and Change},
  year = {1989},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {199--244},
  comment = {pdf},
}

@Book{Krug2000,
  title={Emerging {E}nglish modals: {A} corpus-based study of grammaticalization},
  author={Krug, Manfred},
  year={2000},
  publisher={Mouton de Gruyter},
  address={Berlin}
}

@InCollection{Kuemmel2020,
  author = {Kümmel, Martin J.},
  title = {The development of the perfect within {IE} verbal systems: {A}n overview},
  booktitle = {Perfects in {Indo-European} languages and beyond},
  publisher = {John Benjamins},
  year = {2020},
  editor = {Crellin, Robert and Jügel, Thomas},
  pages = {15--47},
  address = {Amsterdam},
}

@Article{Kuhn1955,
    Author = {Kuhn, Hans},
    Title = {Zur {G}liederung der germanischen {S}prachen},
    Journal = {Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum},
    Year = {1955},
    Volume = {85},
    Pages = {1--47},
}

@Book{Labov1966,
  author    = {Labov, William},
  title     = {The social Stratification of {E}nglish in {N}ew {Y}ork {C}ity},
  publisher = {Center for Applied Linguistics},
  year      = {1966},
  address   = {Washington, D.C.},
}

@Article{Labov1981,
    Author = {Labov, William},
    Title = {Resolving the {N}eogrammarian controversy},
    Journal = {Language},
    Year = {1981},
    Volume = {57},
    Issue = {2},
    Pages = {267--308},
}

@Book{Labov1994,
  title = {Internal factors},
  publisher = {Blackwell},
  year      = {1994},
  series={Principles of linguistic change},
  volume={1},
  author    = {Labov, William},
  address   = {Oxford},
}

@Unpublished{LAEME,
  author = {Laing, Margaret},
  year = {2013},
  title = {A {L}inguistic {A}tlas of {E}arly {M}iddle {E}nglish},
  note = {Version 3.2},
  url = {http://www.lel.ed.ac.uk/ihd/laeme2/laeme2\_framesZ.html}
}

@Article{Laker2009,
    Author = {Laker, Stephen},
    Title = {An explanation for the early phonemicisation of a voice contrast in {E}nglish fricatives},
    Journal = {English Language and Linguistics},
    Year = {2009},
    Volume = {13},
    Issue = {2},
    Pages = {213--226},
}

@Article{Lakoff1973,
    Author = {Lakoff, Robin},
    Title = {Language and woman's place},
    Journal = {Language in Society},
    Year = {1973},
    Volume = {2},
    Pages = {45--80}
}

@Book{Lanehart2015,
  editor    = {Lanehart, Sonja},
  title     = {The {O}xford handbook of {A}frican {A}merican {L}anguage},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year      = {2015},
  address   = {Oxford},
}

@InCollection{LangerNesse2012,
  title={Linguistic purism},
  booktitle = {The handbook of historical sociolinguistics},
  author={Langer, Nils and Nesse, Agnete},
  year={2012},
  publisher={Blackwell},
  editor={Hernández-Campoy, Juan Manuel and Conde-Silvestre, Juan Camilo},
  address={Oxford},
  pages={607--625},
}

@Book{LanhamMacdonald1985,
  title={The standard in {S}outh {A}frican {E}nglish and its social history},
  editor={Lanham, Len W. and C. A. MacDonald},
  year={1985},
  publisher={Julius Groos},
  address={Heidelberg}
}

@Book{Lass1994,
  author    = {Lass, Roger},
  title     = {Old {E}nglish: {A} historical linguistic companion},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year      = {1994},
  address   = {Cambridge},
}

@Book{Lass1997,
  author    = {Lass, Roger},
  title     = {Historical linguistics and language change},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year      = {1997},
  address   = {Cambridge},
}

@InCollection{Lass2002,
  title={{S}outh {A}frican {E}nglish},
  author={Lass, Roger},
  booktitle={Language in {S}outh {A}frica},
  editor={Mesthrie, Rajend},
  pages={104--126},
  year={2002},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge}
}

@Book{LassAnderson1975,
  title={{O}ld {E}nglish phonology},
  author={Lass, Roger and John Malcolm Anderson},
  year={1975},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge},
}

@Unpublished{LawsonEtAl2015,
  author = {Lawson, Eleanor and Stuart-Smith, Jane and Scobbie, James M. and Nakai, Satsuki and Beavan, David and Edmonds, Fiona and Edmonds, Iain and Turk, Alice and Timmins, Claire and Beck, Janet and Esling, John and Leplatre, Gregory and Cowen, Steve and Barras, Will and Durham, Mercedes},
  year = {2015},
  title = {Seeing {S}peech: {A}n articulatory web resource for the study of phonetics},
  url = {http://www.seeingspeech.ac.uk}
}

@Book{LeechEtal2009,
  title={Change in contemporary {E}nglish},
  author={Leech, Geoffrey and Marianne Hundt and Christian Mair and Nicholas Smith},
  year={2009},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge},
}

@Book{LeesOvering2001,
  title={Double agents: {W}omen and clerical culture in {A}nglo-{S}axon {E}ngland},
  author={Lees, Clare A. and Overing, Gillian R.},
  year={2001},
  publisher={University of Wales Press},
  address={Cardiff},
}

@Book{Lehmann2015,
  title={Thoughts on grammaticalization},
  editor={Lehmann, Christian},
  year={2015},
  edition={3},
  publisher={Language Science Press},
  address={Berlin},
}

@Book{Leimgruber2013,
  title={{S}ingapore {E}nglish: {S}tructure, variation and usage},
  year={2013},
  author={Leimgruber, Jakob R. E.},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge}
}

@Book{Leith1997,
  author    = {Leith, Dick},
  title     = {A social history of {E}nglish},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  year      = {1997},
  edition   = {2},
  address   = {London},
}

@Article{Leslie2015,
    Author = {Leslie, Stephen and Winney, Bruce and Hellenthal, Garrett and Davison, Dan and Boumertit, Abdelhamid and Day, Tammy and Hutnik, Katarzyna and Røyrvik, Ellen C. and Cunliffe, Barry and Wellcome Trust Case Consortium 2 and International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium and Lawson, Daniel J. and Fallush, Daniel and Freeman, Colin and Pirinen, Matti and Myers, Simon and Robinson, Mark and Donnelly, Peter and Bodmer, Walter},
    Title = {The fine-scale genetic structure of the {B}ritish population},
    Journal = {Nature},
    Year = {2015},
    Volume = {519},
    Pages = {309--314}
}

@Book{Lippi2012,
  title={{E}nglish with an accent: {L}anguage, ideology, and discrimination in the {U}nited {S}tates},
  author={Lippi-Green, Rosina},
  year={2012},
  edition={2},
  publisher={Routledge},
  address={New York}
}

@Book{Lightfoot1979,
  author    = {Lightfoot, David W.},
  title     = {Principles of diachronic syntax},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year      = {1979},
  address   = {Cambridge},
}

@Book{Lightfoot2006,
  author    = {Lightfoot, David W.},
  title     = {How new languages emerge},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year      = {2006},
  address   = {Cambridge},
}

@Book{Liddicoat2007,
  title={An introduction to conversation analysis},
  author={Liddicoat, Anthony J.},
  year={2007},
  edition = {3},
  publisher={Bloomsbury Publishing},
  address={London}
}


@InCollection{Liu2019,
  title={{O}ld {E}nglish: {T}eaching from ignorance},
  author={Liu, Yin},
  booktitle = {Teaching the history of the {E}nglish language},
  publisher = {The Modern Language Association of America},
  year      = {2019},
  editor    = {Moore, Colette and Palmer, Chris C.},
  address   = {New York},
  pages={98--107}
}

@Book{Lloyd2011,
  title={Semantics and word formation: {T}he development of five {F}rench suffixes in {M}iddle {E}nglish},
  author={Lloyd, Cynthia},
  year={2011},
  publisher={Peter Lang},
  address={Bern}
}

@phdthesis{Lorenz2012,
  title={Contractions of {E}nglish semi-modals: {T}he emancipating effect of frequency},
  author={Lorenz, David},
  year={2012},
  school={Albert-Ludwigs-Universit\"{a}t Freiburg},
  address={Freiburg}
}

@Book{Los2015,
  author    = {Los, Bettelou},
  title     = {A historical syntax of {E}nglish},
  publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
  year      = {2015},
  address   = {Edinburgh},
}

@Book{Lowth1762,
  author    = {Lowth, Robert},
  title     = {A Short Introduction to {E}nglish Grammar},
  publisher = {A. Millar \& R. \& J. Dodsley},
  year      = {1762},
  address   = {London},
}

@Article{LukeRichards1982,
    Author = {Luke, Kang Kwong and Jack Richards},
    Title = {{E}nglish in {H}ong {K}ong: {F}unctions and status},
    Journal = {English World-Wide},
    Year = {1982},
    Volume = {3},
    Issue = {1},
    Pages = {47--64},
}

@Article{Lutz1997,
    Author = {Lutz, Angelika},
    Title = {Sound change, word formation and the lexicon: {T}he history of the {E}nglish prefix verbs},
    Journal = {English Studies},
    Year = {1997},
    Volume = {78},
    Pages = {258--290},
}

@Article{Lutz2009,
    Author = {Lutz, Angelika},
    Title = {Celtic influence on {O}ld {E}nglish and {W}est {G}ermanic},
    Journal = {English Language and Linguistics},
    Year = {2009},
    Volume = {13},
    Issue = {2},
    Pages = {227--249},
}

@InCollection{Lutz2012,
  author    = {Lutz, Angelika},
  title     = {Language contact in the {S}candinavian period},
  booktitle = {The {O}xford handbook of the history of {E}nglish},
  year      = {2012},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  editor    = {Nevalainen, Terttu and Traugott, Elizabeth Closs},
  address   = {Oxford},
  pages     = {508--517},
}

@unpublished{Lyall1998,
  author = {Lyall, Sarah},
  year = {1998},
  title = {Britons prick up their ears: {B}lair's a li'l peculiar},
  url = {https://www.nytimes.com/1998/06/18/world/london-journal-britons-prick-up-their-ears-blair-s-a-li-l-peculiar.html},
}

@Book{Machan2009,
  title={Language anxiety: {C}onflict and change in the history of {E}nglish},
  author={Machan, Tim William},
  year={2009},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford},
}

@InCollection{Marshall2011,
  author = {Marshall, David F.},
  title = {The reforming of {E}nglish spelling},
  booktitle = {Handbook of language and ethnic identity: {T}he success-failure continuum in language and ethnic identity efforts},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year = {2011},
  editor = {Fishman, Joshua A. and Ofelia Garc\'{i}a},
  pages = {113--125},
  address = {Oxford},
}

@Book{Marcus2018,
  title={The Linguistics of Spoken Communication in {E}arly {M}odern {E}nglish Writing: {E}xploring {B}ess of {H}ardwick's Manuscript Letters},
  author={Marcus, Imogen},
  year={2018},
  publisher={Palgrave},
  address={London}
}

@Book{Martin2019,
  author = {Martin, Peter},
  title={The dictionary wars: {T}he {A}merican fight over the {E}nglish language},
  year={2019},
  publisher={Princeton University Press},
  address={Princeton and Oxford}
}

@PhDthesis{Martin2011,
  author={Martin, Toby F.},
  title={Identity and the Cruciform Brooch in Early {A}nglo-{S}axon {E}ngland: {A}n Investigation of Style, Mortuary Context, and Use},
  year={2011},
  school={University of Sheffield},
  address={Sheffield},
}

@Book{Martin2015,
    title={The cruciform brooch and {A}nglo-{S}axon {E}ngland},
    author={Martin, Toby F.},
    year={2015},
    publisher={Boydell},
    address={Woodbridge},
}

@Article{MascuchDekkerBaggerman2016,
  author  = {Mascuch, Michael and Dekker, Rudolf and Baggerman, Arianne},
  title   = {Egodocuments and history: {A} short account of the \textit{longue durée}},
  journal = {The Historian},
  year    = {2016},
  volume  = {78},
  issue   = {1},
  pages   = {11--56},
  comment = {pdf},
}

@unpublished{Matyiku2011,
  author = {Matyiku, Sabina},
  year = {2011},
  title = {Negative concord},
  url = {http://ygdp.yale.edu/phenomena/negative-concord},
  note = {Yale Grammatical Diversity Project: English in North America. Updated by Tom McCoy (2015) and Katie Martin (2018)},
}

@Book{McCullyHilles2005,
  title={The earliest {E}nglish: {A}n introduction to {O}ld {E}nglish language},
  author={McCully, Chris and Hilles, Sharon},
  year={2005},
  publisher={Pearson/Longman},
  address={London}
}

@Book{McCaskilletal2011,
  title={The hidden treasure of {B}lack {ASL}: {I}ts history and structure},
  author={McCaskill, Carolyn and Ceil Lucas and Robert Bayley, Joseph Hill and Roxanne Baldwin and Randall Hogue},
  year={2011},
  publisher={Gallaudet University Press},
  address={Washington},
}


@Book{McCulloch2019,
  title={Because {I}nternet: {U}nderstanding the new rules of language},
  author={McCulloch, Gretchen},
  year={2019},
  publisher={Penguin Random House},
  address={London},
}

@InCollection{McFadden2015,
  author    = {McFadden, Thomas},
  title     = {Preverbal \emph{ge}- in {O}ld and {M}iddle {E}nglish},
  booktitle = {Byproducts and side effects: {N}ebenprodukte und {N}ebeneffekte ({ZAS} {P}apers in {L}inguistics 58)},
  publisher = {ZAS},
  year      = {2015},
  editor    = {André Meinunger},
  pages     = {15--48},
  address   = {Berlin},
}

@Book{McMahon2002,
  title={Understanding language change},
  author={McMahon, April},
  year={2002},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge}
}

@InCollection{McMahon2006,
  title={Restructuring {R}enaissance {E}nglish},
  author={McMahon, April},
  booktitle = {The {O}xford history of {E}nglish},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year      = {2006},
  editor    = {Mugglestone, Lynda},
  address   = {Oxford},
  pages={180--218},
}

@Article{McWhorter2002,
  author = {McWhorter, John},
  journal = {Diachronica},
  pages = {217--272},
  title = {What happened to {E}nglish?},
  volume = {19},
  issue = {2},
  year = {2002},
  comment = {pdf},
}

@Book{Mesthrie1992,
  title={{E}nglish in language shift: {T}he history, structure and sociolinguistics of {S}outh {A}frican {I}ndian {E}nglish},
  author={Mesthrie, Rajend},
  year={1992},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge}
}

@Book{Mesthrie2002,
  title={Language in {S}outh {A}frica},
  editor={Mesthrie, Rajend},
  year={2002},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge}
}

@Book{Millar2000,
  author    = {Millar, Robert McColl},
  title     = {System collapse, system rebirth: {T}he Demonstrative Pronouns of {E}nglish 900--1350 and the Birth of the Definite Article},
  publisher = {Peter Lang},
  year      = {2000},
  address   = {Bern},
}

@Book{Millar2012,
  author    = {Millar, Robert McColl},
  title     = {English historical sociolinguistics},
  publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
  year      = {2012},
  address   = {Edinburgh},
}

@Book{MillHay2018,
  title={A Biography of the {E}nglish Language},
  editor={Millward, C. M. and Mary Hayes},
  year={2018},
  edition={2},
  publisher={Cengage Learning},
  address={Wadsworth},
}

@InCollection{Milroy1992,
  series={The {C}ambridge history of the {E}nglish language},
  volume={2},
  booktitle = {1066--1476},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year      = {1992},
  editor    = {Blake, Norman},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  title={Middle {E}nglish dialectology},
  author={Milroy, James},
  pages={156--206}
}

@Article{Minkova2011,
    Author = {Minkova, Donka},
    Title = {Phonemically contrastive fricatives in {O}ld {E}nglish?},
    Journal = {English Language and Linguistics},
    Year = {2011},
    Volume = {15},
    Issue = {1},
    Pages = {31--59},
}

@Book{Minkova2014,
  title={A historical phonology of {E}nglish},
  author={Minkova, Donka},
  year={2014},
  publisher={Edinburgh University Press},
  address={Edinburgh}
}

@Book{Minnis2014,
  title={The {C}ambridge introduction to {C}haucer},
  author={Minnis, Alastair},
  year={2014},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge}
}

@InCollection{Montgomery2001,
  author    = {Montgomery, Michael},
  title     = {British and {I}rish antecedents},
  series={The {C}ambridge history of the {E}nglish language},
  volume={6},
  booktitle = {English in {N}orth {A}merica},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year      = {2001},
  editor    = {Algeo, John},
  pages     = {86--153},
  address   = {Cambridge},
}

@Book{MoorePalmer2019,
  title={Teaching the history of the {E}nglish language},
  editor={Moore, Colette and Palmer, Chris C.},
  year={2019},
  publisher={Modern Language Association of America},
  address={New York, NY},
}

@Book{Mugglestone2006,
  title={The {Oxford} history of {E}nglish},
  editor={Mugglestone, Lynda},
  year={2006},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford}
}

@Book{Mugglestone2003,
  title={Talking proper: {T}he rise of accent as social symbol},
  Author={Mugglestone, Lynda},
  year={2003},
  edition={2},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford}
}

@Article{Mukherjee2007,
    Author = {Mukherjee, Joybrato},
    Title = {Steady States in the Evolution of New {E}nglishes: {P}resent-Day {I}ndian {E}nglish as an Equilibrium},
    Journal = {Journal of English Linguistics},
    Year = {2007},
    Volume = {35},
    Issue = {2},
    Pages = {157--187},
}

@Article{Nagy2010,
    Author = {Nagy, Naomi and Irwin, Patricia},
    Title = {Boston (r): {N}eighbo(r)s nea(r) and fa(r)},
    Journal = {Language Variation and Change},
    Year = {2010},
    Volume = {22},
    Issue = {2},
    Pages = {241--278},
}

@Unpublished{Nakamura2012,
  author  = {Nakamura, Fujio},
  title   = {A Correlation between the Establishment of Negative Contractions and the Development of Their Related Idioms: {W}ith Special Reference to can't help {V}-ing and Its Variants},
  note    = {Paper presented at the 45th Annual Meeting of the Societas Linguistica Europaea, Stockholm, August-September 2012},
  year    = {2012},
}

@Article{Nesbitt2018,
    Author = {Nesbitt, Monica},
    Title = {Economic change and the decline of raised {TRAP} in {L}ansing, {MI}},
    Journal = {University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics},
    Year = {2018},
    Volume = {24},
    Issue = {2},
    Number = {9},
    Pages = {67--76},
}

@Book{Nevalainen2006,
	Author = {Nevalainen, Terttu},
	Publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
	Address = {Edinburgh},
	Title = {An introduction to {E}arly {M}odern {E}nglish},
	Year = {2006}
}

@InCollection{Nevalainen1999,
  title={Early {M}odern {E}nglish lexis and semantics},
  series={The {C}ambridge history of the {E}nglish language},
  volume={3},
  booktitle = {1476 to 1776},
  author={Nevalainen, Terttu},
  year={1999},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  editor={Lass, Roger},
  address={Cambridge},
  pages={332--458},
}

@Book{NevalainenRaumolinBrunberg2016,
	Author = {Nevalainen, Terttu and Raumolin-Brunberg, Helen},
	Publisher = {Routledge},
	Address = {London},
	Title = {Historical sociolinguistics: {L}anguage change in {T}udor and {S}tuart {E}ngland},
	Year = {2016},
	Edition = {2}
}

@InCollection{Newson2001,
  title={Pathogens, places and peoples: {G}eographical variations in the impact of disease in early {S}panish {A}merica and the {P}hilippines},
  author={Newson, Linda},
  booktitle = {Technology, Disease and Colonial Conquests, Sixteenth to Eighteenth Centuries},
  publisher = {Brill},
  year      = {2001},
  editor    = {Raudzens, George},
  address   = {Leiden},
  pages={167--209},
}

@Article{NunnQian2010,
    Author = {Nunn, Nathan and Qian, Nancy},
    Title = {The {C}olumbian {E}xchange: {A} History of Disease, Food, and Ideas},
    Journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives},
    Year = {2010},
    Volume = {24},
    Issue = {2},
    Pages = {163--188},
}

@Article{Oersi2015,
    Author = {Őrsi, Tibor},
    Title = {\emph{Cow} versus \emph{beef}: {T}erms denoting animals and their meat in {E}nglish},
    Journal = {Eger Journal of English Studies},
    Year = {2015},
    Volume = {15},
    Pages = {49--59},
}

@Book{Oevergaard1995,
  title={The mandative subjunctive in {A}merican and {B}ritish {E}nglish in the 20th century},
  author={Övergaard, Gerd},
  year={1995},
  publisher={Uppsala University},
  address={Uppsala},
}

@Article{Ogura1995,
  author  = {Ogura, Michiko},
  title   = {The interchangeability of {O}ld {E}nglish verbal prefixes},
  journal = {Anglo-Saxon England},
  year    = {1995},
  volume  = {24},
  pages   = {67--93},
}

@InCollection{Ohala1989,
	author    = {John J. Ohala},
    title     = {Sound change is drawn from a pool of synchronic variation},
	booktitle = {Language change: {C}ontributions to the study of its causes},
	editor    = {Leiv Egil Breivik and Ernst Håkon Jahr},
	publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter},
	address   = {Berlin},
    pages     = {173--198},
	year      = {1989},
}

@Book{Oosthuizen2019,
  title={The emergence of the {E}nglish},
  author={Oosthuizen, Susan},
  year={2019},
  publisher={ARC Humanities Press},
  address={Leeds},
}

@Book{Orkin2015,
  title={Speaking {C}anadian {E}nglish. {A}n informal account of the {E}nglish language in {C}anada},
  author={Orkin, Mark M.},
  year={2015},
  publisher={Routledge},
  address={London}
}

@Article{Overty2008,
    Author = {Overty, Joanne Filippone},
    Title = {The cost of doing scribal business: {P}rices of manuscript books in {E}ngland, 1300--1483},
    Journal = {Book History},
    Year = {2008},
    Volume = {11},
    Pages = {1--32},
}

@Book{Palmer1988,
  title={The {E}nglish verb},
  author={Palmer, Frank R.},
  year={1988},
  edition={2},
  publisher={Longman},
  address={London},
}

@InCollection{Paraskevas2019,
  title={{HEL} for preservice teachers: {F}oundational language topics},
  author={Paraskevas, Cornelia},
  booktitle = {Teaching the history of the {E}nglish language},
  publisher = {The Modern Language Association of America},
  year      = {2019},
  editor    = {Moore, Colette and Palmer, Chris C.},
  address   = {New York},
  pages={280--291}
}

@Article{Paterson2019,
  title = {Interview with {E}rin {C}arrie and {R}ob {D}rummond of The {A}ccentism {P}roject},
  journal = {Journal of Language and Discrimination},
  author = {Paterson, Laura},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {3},
  issue = {1},
  pages = {76--84},
}

@Book{Pelteret1995,
  title={Slavery in early medieval {E}ngland from the reign of {A}lfred until the twelfth century},
  author={Pelteret, David A. E.},
  year={1995},
  publisher={Boydell Press},
  address={Woodbridge},
}

@Article{Peters1998,
    Author = {Peters, Pam},
    Title = {The survival of the subjunctive: {E}vidence of its use in {A}ustralia and elsewhere},
    Journal = {English World-Wide},
    Year = {1998},
    Volume = {19},
    Issue = {1},
    Pages = {87--103},
}

@InCollection{Peters2009,
  author = {Peters, Pam},
  title = {The mandative subjunctive in spoken {E}nglish},
  booktitle = {Comparative studies in {A}ustralian and {N}ew {Z}ealand {E}nglish},
  publisher = {John Benjamins},
  year = {2009},
  editor = {Peters, Pam and Collins, Peter and Smith, Adam},
  pages = {125--137},
  address = {Amsterdam},
}

@Article{Philo2020,
    Author = {Philo, John-Mark},
    Title = {Elizabeth {I}'s Translation of {T}acitus: {L}ambeth {P}alace {L}ibrary, {MS} 683},
    Journal = {The Review of English Studies},
    Year = {2020},
    Volume = {71},
    Issue = {298},
    Pages = {44--73},
}

@InCollection{Piller2015,
  title={Language ideologies},
  author={Piller, Ingrid},
  booktitle = {The International Encyclopedia of Language and Social Interaction},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  year      = {2015},
  editor    = {Tracy, Karen and Ilie, Cornelia and Sandel, Todd},
  address   = {New York},
  pages={1--10}
}

@Book{Pinker1999,
  title={Words and rules: {T}he ingredients of language},
  author={Pinker, Steven},
  year={1999},
  publisher={Basic Books},
  address={New York},
}

@InCollection{PintzukTaylor2006,
  author    = {Pintzuk, Susan and Taylor, Ann},
  title     = {The loss of {OV} order in the history of {E}nglish},
  booktitle = {The handbook of the history of {E}nglish},
  publisher = {Blackwell},
  year      = {2006},
  editor    = {van Kemenade, Ans and Los, Bettelou},
  pages     = {249--278},
  address   = {Oxford},
}

@Book{PonsSanz2013,
  title = {The lexical effects of {A}nglo-{S}candinavian linguistic contact on {O}ld {E}nglish},
  publisher = {Brepols},
  year = {2013},
  author = {Pons-Sanz, Sara M.},
  address = {Turnhout}
}

@Article{PoplackTagliamonte2000,
    Author = {Poplack, Shana and Sali Tagliamonte},
    Title = {The grammaticization of \textit{going to} in ({A}frican {A}merican) {E}nglish},
    Journal = {Language Variation and Change},
    Year = {2000},
    Volume = {11},
    Pages = {315--342},
}

@Book{Postal1968,
  title={Aspects of phonological theory},
  author={Postal, Paul},
  year={1968},
  publisher={Harper and Row},
  address={New York}
}

@Article{Poussa1982,
    Author = {Poussa, Patricia},
    Title = {The evolution of {E}arly {S}tandard {E}nglish: {T}he creolization hypothesis},
    Journal = {Studia Anglica Posnaniensia},
    Year = {1982},
    Volume = {14},
    Pages = {69--85}
}

@Article{PraatDenison2001,
    Author = {Pratt, Lynda and David Denison},
    Title = {The language of the {S}outhey-{C}oleridge circle},
    Journal = {Language Sciences},
    Year = {2001},
    Volume = {22},
    Pages = {401--422},
}

@InCollection{Presser1958,
  author    = {Presser, Jacques},
  title     = {Memoires als geschiedbron},
  booktitle = {Algemene {W}inkler {P}rins Encyclopedie},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  year      = {1958},
  editor    = {Hoetink, Hendrik R. and De Bruyne, E. and Koksma, Jurjen F. and Lissens, René F. and Presser, Jacques},
  volume    = {7},
  pages     = {208--210},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
}

@Article{Purnelletal1990,
    Author = {Purnell, Thomas and Idsardi, William and Baugh, John},
    Title = {Perceptual and phonetic experiments on {A}merican {E}nglish dialect identification},
    Journal = {Journal of Language and Social Psychology},
    Year = {1990},
    Volume = {18},
    Issue = {1},
    Pages = {10--30},
}

@Article{Rajendran2019,
    Author = {Rajendran, Shyama},
    Title = {Undoing ``the vernacular'': {D}ismantling structures of raciolinguistic supremacy},
    Journal = {Literature Compass},
    Year = {2019},
    Volume = {16},
    Issue = {9--10},
    Pages = {e12544},
}

@Unpublished{RambaranOlm2018,
	author = {Rambaran-Olm, Mary},
	title = {Anglo-{S}axon studies, academia and white supremacy},
	url = {https://medium.com/@mrambaranolm/anglo-saxon-studies-academia-and-white-supremacy-17c87b360bf3},
	year = {2018},
}

@InCollection{Ramisch1997,
  author    = {Ramisch, Heinrich},
  title     = {Re-examining the influence of {S}candinavian on {E}nglish: {T}he case of \textit{ditch}/\textit{dike}},
  booktitle = {Language History and Linguistic Modelling. {A} Festschrift for {J}acek {F}isiak on his 60th Birthday},
  publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter},
  year      = {1997},
  editor    = {Raymond Hickey and Stanisław Puppel},
  pages     = {561--569},
  address   = {Berlin},
}


@InCollection{Rau2019,
  author    = {Rau, Andreas},
  title     = {Gut abgeschnitten! ``{B}ritannisches'' {G}eld in {N}ordwestdeutschland},
  booktitle = {Saxones},
  publisher = {wbg Theiss},
  year      = {2019},
  editor    = {Babette Ludovici},
  pages     = {118--119},
  address   = {Darmstadt},
}

@Article{Rees2017,
    Author = {Rees, Sophie},
    Title = {`{A}m {I} really gonna go sixty years without getting cancer again?' {U}ncertainty and liminality in young women's accounts of living with a history of breast cancer},
    Journal = {Health},
    Year = {2017},
    Volume = {21},
    Number = {3},
    Pages = {241--258}
}

@Article{Reiff2010,
    Author = {Reiff, Raychel H.},
    Title = {Choosing \emph{thou} or \emph{you} to Reveal Ideal Relationships in ``{T}he {K}night's {T}ale''},
    Journal = {Essays in Medieval Studies},
    Year = {2010},
    Volume = {26},
    Pages = {69--84},
}

@Book{Renfrew1987,
  title={Archaeology and language: {T}he puzzle of {I}ndo-{E}uropean origins},
  author={Renfrew, Colin},
  year={1987},
  publisher={Jonathan Cape},
  address={London}
}

@Article{Reynolds1985,
    Author = {Reynolds, Susan},
    Title = {What do we mean by ``{A}nglo-{S}axon'' and ``{A}nglo-{S}axons''?},
    Journal = {Journal of British Studies},
    Year = {1985},
    Volume = {24},
    Issue = {4},
    Pages = {395--414},
}

@Book{Ringe2017,
  series={A linguistic history of {E}nglish},
  title={From {P}roto-{I}ndo-{E}uropean to {P}roto-{G}ermanic},
  volume={1},
  author={Ringe, Donald},
  year={2017},
  edition={2},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford}
}

@Book{RingeTaylor2014,
  series={A linguistic history of {E}nglish},
  title={The development of {O}ld {E}nglish},
  volume={2},
  author={Ringe, Donald and Taylor, Ann},
  year={2014},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford}
}

@Article{RingeWarnowTaylor2002,
  author  = {Ringe, Donald and Warnow, Tandy and Taylor, Ann},
  title   = {Indo-{E}uropean and computational cladistics},
  journal = {Transactions of the Philological Society},
  year    = {2002},
  volume  = {100},
  pages   = {59--129},
}

@InCollection{Roberge2010,
  title={Contact and the history of {G}ermanic languages},
  author={Roberge, Paul T.},
  booktitle = {The handbook of language contact},
  publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
  year      = {2010},
  editor    = {Hickey, Raymond},
  address   = {Oxford},
  pages={406--431}
}

@Article{Roberts1985,
  author  = {Roberts, Ian},
  title   = {Agreement parameters and the development of {E}nglish modal auxiliaries},
  journal = {Natural Language and Linguistic Theory},
  year    = {1985},
  volume  = {3},
  issue   = {1},
  pages   = {21--58},
  comment = {pdf},
}

@Book{Roberts1993,
  author    = {Roberts, Ian},
  title     = {Verbs and diachronic syntax: {A} comparative history of {E}nglish and {F}rench},
  publisher = {Kluwer},
  year      = {1993},
  address   = {Dordrecht},
}

@Book{Roberts2007,
  title     = {Diachronic syntax},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year      = {2007},
  author    = {Roberts, Ian},
  address   = {Oxford},
  comment   = {pdf},
}

@Book{Robinson1992,
  title={Old {E}nglish and its closest relatives: {A} survey of the earliest {G}ermanic languages},
  author={Robinson, Orrin W.},
  year      = {1992},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  address   = {London},
}

@Article{Rosenbach2014,
    Author = {Rosenbach, Anette},
    Title = {English genitive variation: {T}he state of the art},
    Journal = {English Language and Linguistics},
    Year = {2014},
    Volume = {18},
    Issue = {2},
    Pages = {215--262},
}

@Article{Rothwell2001,
    Author = {Rothwell, William},
    Title = {English and {F}rench in {E}ngland after 1362},
    Journal = {English Studies},
    Year = {2001},
    Volume = {82},
    Issue = {6},
    Pages = {539--559},
}

@Book{Rusten2019,
  title={Referential null subjects in early {E}nglish},
  author={Rusten, Kristian A.},
  year={2019},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford}
}

@Book{Sairio2009,
  title={Language and Letters of the {B}luestocking Network: {S}ociolinguistic Issues in Eighteenth-Century Epistolary {E}nglish},
  author={Sairio, Anni},
  year={2009},
  publisher={Société Néophilologique},
  address={Helsinki}
}

@Article{Samuels1963,
    Author = {Samuels, M. L.},
    Title = {Some applications of {M}iddle {E}nglish dialectology},
    Journal = {English Studies},
    Year = {1963},
    Volume = {44},
    Pages = {81--94},
}

@Article{Samuels1965,
    Author = {Samuels, M. L.},
    Title = {The role of functional selection in the history of {E}nglish},
    Journal = {Transactions of the Philological Society},
    Year = {1965},
    Volume = {64},
    Issue = {1},
    Pages = {15--40},
}

@Book{Sawyer1971,
  title = {The age of the {V}ikings},
  publisher = {Arnold},
  year = {1971},
  edition = {2},
  author = {Sawyer, Peter H.},
  address = {London}
}

@Book{Scheler1977,
  title={Der englische {W}ortschatz},
  author={Scheler, Manfred},
  year={1977},
  publisher={Erich Schmidt},
  address={Berlin}
}

@Book{Schmidt1995,
  title={An atlas and survey of {S}outh {A}sian history},
  author={Schmidt, Karl J.},
  year={1995},
  publisher={Routledge},
  address={London}
}

@Book{Schrijver2013,
  title={Language contact and the origins of the {G}ermanic languages},
  author={Schrijver, {P}eter},
  year={2013},
  publisher={Routledge},
  address={London}
}

@Book{Sebregts2014,
  title={The sociophonetics and phonology of {D}utch \textit{r}},
  author={Sebregts, Koen},
  year={2014},
  publisher={LOT},
  address={Utrecht},
}

@Book{ShapiroLynch2017,
  title={Fixing {B}abel. {A}n historical anthology of applied {E}nglish lexicography},
  author={Shapiro, Rebecca and Jack Lynch},
  year={2017},
  publisher={Bucknell University Press},
  address={Lewisburg}
}

@Book{SheehanBiberauerRobertsHolmberg2017,
  title={The {F}inal-over-{F}inal {C}ondition: {A} syntactic universal},
  author={Sheehan, Michelle and Biberauer, Theresa and Roberts, Ian and Holmberg, Anders},
  year={2017},
  publisher={MIT Press},
  address={Cambridge, MA},
}

@Article{Smith1993,
	Author = {Smith, Jeremy J.},
	Journal = {Neuphilologische Mitteilungen},
	Volume = {94},
	Number = {3--4},
	Pages = {259--277},
	Title = {Dialectal variation in {M}iddle {E}nglish and the actuation of the {G}reat {V}owel {S}hift},
	Year = {1993},
}

@Book{Smith2009OE,
  author    = {Smith, Jeremy J.},
  title     = {Old {E}nglish: {A} linguistic introduction},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year      = {2009},
  address   = {Cambridge},
}

@Book{Smith2012,
  author    = {Smith, Jeremy J.},
  title     = {Older {S}cots: {A} linguistic reader},
  publisher = {Boydell \& Brewer},
  year      = {2012},
  address   = {Woodbridge},
}

@Article{Smith2009,
    Author = {Smith, K. Aaron},
    Title = {The history of \textit{be fixing to}: {G}rammaticalization, sociolinguistic distribution and emerging literary spaces},
    Journal = {English Today},
    Year = {2009},
    Number = {97},
    Volume = {25},
    Issue = {1},
    Pages = {12--18},
}

@InCollection{SmithKim2019,
  title={Colonialism: {L}inguistic accommodation and {E}nglish-language change},
  author={Smith, K. Aaron and Kim, Susan M.},
  booktitle = {Teaching the history of the {E}nglish language},
  publisher = {The Modern Language Association of America},
  year      = {2019},
  editor    = {Moore, Colette and Palmer, Chris C.},
  address   = {New York},
  pages={63--71}
}

@Book{Sommerer2018,
  author    = {Sommerer, Lotte},
  title     = {Article emergence in {O}ld {E}nglish: {A} constructionalist perspective},
  publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter},
  year      = {2018},
  address   = {Berlin},
}

@Book{Stenbrenden2016,
  title={Long-vowel shifts in {E}nglish, c. 1050--1700: {E}vidence from spelling},
  author={Stenbrenden, Gjertrud Flermoen},
  year={2016},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge},
}

@Article{StevensHarrington2014,
    Author = {Stevens, Mary and Harrington, Jonathan},
    Title = {The individual and the actuation of sound change},
    Journal = {Loquens},
    Year = {2014},
    Volume = {1},
    Issue = {1},
    Pages = {1--10},
}

@Article{Stiles2013,
    Author = {Stiles, Patrick},
    Title = {The pan-{W}est {G}ermanic isoglosses and the sub-relationships of {W}est {G}ermanic to other branches},
    Journal = {North-Western European Language Evolution},
    Year = {2013},
    Volume = {66},
    Issue = {1},
    Pages = {5--38},
}

@Book{Strang1970,
  title={A history of {E}nglish},
  author={Strang, Barbara M. H.},
  year={1970},
  publisher={Routledge},
  address={London}
}

@Article{Strycharczuketal2019,
    Author = {Strycharczuk, Patrycja and Georgina Brown and Adrian Leemann and David Britain},
    Title = {Investigating the {FOOT-STRUT} distinction in {N}orthern {E}nglishes using crowdsourced data},
    Journal = {19th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences, Melbourne},
    Year = {2019},
    Pages = {1337--1341},
}

@InCollection{StuartSmith2013,
  title={Derhoticisation in {S}cottish {E}nglish: {A} sociophonetic journey},
  author={Stuart-Smith, Jane and Lawson, Eleanor and Scobbie, James M.},
  booktitle = {Advances in sociophonetics},
  publisher = {John Benjamins},
  year      = {2013},
  editor    = {Celata, Chiara and Calamai, Silvia},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  pages={59--96}
}

@InCollection{Sylvester2017,
  author    = {Sylvester, Louise},
  title     = {Semantics and lexicon},
  booktitle = {Middle {E}nglish},
  series    = {The history of {E}nglish},
  publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter},
  year      = {2017},
  volume    = {3},
  editor    = {Brinton, Laurel J. and Bergs, Alexander},
  pages     = {96--115},
  address   = {Berlin},
}

@InCollection{Szmrescanyi2012,
  title={Analyticity and syntheticity in the history of {E}nglish},
  booktitle = {The {O}xford handbook of the history of {E}nglish},
  author={Szmrecsányi, Benedikt},
  year={2012},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  editor={Nevalainen, Terttu and Traugott, Elizabeth Closs},
  address={Oxford},
  pages={654--665},
}


@InCollection{Szmrescanyi2013,
  crossref={BoerjarsDenisonScott2013book},
  title={The great regression: {G}enitive variability in {L}ate {M}odern {E}nglish news texts},
  booktitle={Morphosyntactic categories and the expression of possession},
  author={Szmrecsányi, Benedikt},
  pages={59--88}
}

@Book{Thim2012,
  title={Phrasal Verbs: {T}he {E}nglish Verb-Particle Construction and its History},
  author={Thim, Stefan},
  year={2012},
  publisher={Mouton de Gruyter},
  address={Berlin},
}

@Article{Thomas2007,
    Author = {Thomas, Erik R.},
    Title = {Phonological and phonetic characteristics of {A}frican {A}merican {V}ernacular {E}nglish},
    Journal = {Language and Linguistics Compass},
    Year = {2007},
    Volume = {1},
    Issue = {5},
    Pages = {450--475},
}

@Book{Thomas1991,
  title={Linguistic purism},
  author={Thomas, George},
  year={1991},
  publisher={Longman},
  address={London}
}

@Book{Thoreau,
  title={Walden},
  author={Thoreau, Henry David},
  year={2004},
  publisher={Palgrave Macmillan},
  address={London}
}

@Book{Tieken2010,
  title={The Bishop's Grammar: {R}obert {L}owth and the Rise of Prescriptivism},
  author={Tieken-Boon van Ostade, Ingrid},
  year={2010},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford}
}

@InCollection{Tieken2017,
  author={Tieken-Boon van Ostade, Ingrid},
  title={Perspectives on standardization: {F}rom codification to prescriptivism},
  booktitle = {English Historical Linguistics: {A}pproaches and perspectives},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  address = {Cambridge},
  editor = {Brinton, Laurel},
  year = {2017},
  pages={276--302},
}

@Article{Timofeeva2018,
    Author = {Timofeeva, Olga},
    Title = {\emph{Aelfred mec heht gewyrcan}: {S}ociolinguistic concepts in the study of {A}lfredian {E}nglish},
    Journal = {English Language and Linguistics},
    Year = {2018},
    Volume = {22},
    Issue = {1},
    Pages = {123--148},
}

@InCollection{Todd2005,
  title={The {G}ermanic peoples and {G}ermanic society},
  booktitle = {The {C}ambridge ancient history},
  author={Todd, Malcolm},
  year={2005},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  editor={Bowman, Alan and Cameron, Avril and Garnsey, Peter},
  address={Cambridge},
  pages={440-460},
}

@Book{TolkienGordon1967,
  author    = {Tolkien, J. R. R. and Gordon, E. V.},
  editor    = {Davis, Norman},
  title     = {Sir {G}awain and the {G}reen {K}night},
  edition   = {2},
  publisher = {Clarendon},
  year      = {1967},
  address   = {Oxford},
}

@InCollection{Toon1992,
  title={Old {E}nglish dialects},
  series={The {C}ambridge history of the {E}nglish language},
  volume={1},
  booktitle = {The beginnings to 1066},
  author={Toon, Thomas E.},
  year={1992},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  editor={Hogg, Richard M.},
  address={Cambridge},
  pages={409--451},
}

@Book{Townend2002,
  title = {Language and history in {V}iking {A}ge {E}ngland: {L}inguistic relations between speakers of {O}ld {N}orse and {O}ld {E}nglish},
  publisher = {Brepols},
  year = {2002},
  author = {Townend, Matthew},
  address = {Turnhout},
  comment = {partialpdf},
}

@InCollection{Townend2006,
  title={Contacts and conflicts: {L}atin, {N}orse, and {F}rench},
  author={Townend, Matthew},
  booktitle = {The {O}xford history of {E}nglish},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year      = {2006},
  editor    = {Mugglestone, Lynda},
  address   = {Oxford},
  pages={61--85},
}

@Book{TraugottDasher2002,
  author    = {Traugott, Elizabeth Closs and Dasher, Richard B.},
  title     = {Regularity in semantic change},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year      = {2002},
  address   = {Cambridge},
}

@Book{Treharne2012,
  title={Living through conquest: {T}he politics of early {E}nglish, 1020--1220},
  author={Treharne, Elaine},
  year={2012},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford}
}

@Book{Trips2002,
  title = {From {OV} to {VO} in {E}arly {M}iddle {E}nglish},
  publisher = {John Benjamins},
  year = {2002},
  author = {Trips, Carola},
  address = {Amsterdam}
}

@InCollection{TripsStein2008,
  author    = {Trips, Carola and Stein, Achim},
  series={English historical linguistics 2006},
  volume={2},
  title     = {Was {F}rench -\emph{able} borrowable? A diachronic study of word-formation processes due to language contact},
  booktitle = {Lexical and semantic change},
  publisher = {John Benjamins},
  year      = {2008},
  editor    = {Dury, Richard and Gotti, Maurizio and Dossena, Marina},
  pages     = {217--241},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
}

@Article{Tristram2004,
  author = {Tristram, Hildegard L. C.},
  journal = {Studia Anglica Posnaniensia},
  pages = {87--110},
  title = {Diglossia in {A}nglo-{S}axon {E}ngland, or what was spoken {O}ld {E}nglish like?},
  volume = {40},
  year = {2004},
}

@InCollection{Hayes2017b,
  title={Using principles of construction grammar in the {H}istory of {E}nglish classroom},
  author={Hayes, Mary},
  pages={107--116},
  booktitle={Approaches to teaching the history of the {E}nglish language: {P}edagogy in practice},
  editor={Hayes, Mary and Burkette, Allison},
  year={2017},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford}
}

@Book{Trousdale2010,
  title = {An introduction to {E}nglish sociolinguistics},
  publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
  year = {2010},
  author = {Trousdale, Graeme},
  address = {Edinburgh}
}

@Book{Trudgill2011,
  title     = {Sociolinguistic typology: {S}ocial determinants of linguistic complexity},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year      = {2011},
  author    = {Trudgill, Peter},
  address   = {Oxford},
  comment   = {pdf},
}

@Book{Turner2019,
  title={Chaucer: {A} {E}uropean life},
  author={Turner, Marion},
  year={2019},
  publisher={Princeton University Press},
  address={Princeton, NJ},
}

@Book{Arnim2008,
  title={{C}hristopher and {C}olumbus},
  editor={van Arnim, Elizabeth},
  year={2008},
  publisher={Read How You Want},
  address = {Sydney}
}

@Article{vanBergen2013,
    Author = {van Bergen, Linda},
    Title = {Early progressive passives},
    Journal = {Folia Linguistica Historica},
    Year = {2013},
    Volume = {34},
    Pages = {173--207},
}

@Article{vanderAuweraGenee2002,
    Author = {van der Auwera, Johan and Genee, Inge},
    Title = {English \emph{do}: {O}n the convergence of languages and linguists},
    Journal = {English Language and Linguistics},
    Year = {2002},
    Volume = {6},
    Issue = {2},
    Pages = {283--307},
}

@Book{vanderWalRutten2013,
  editor = {van der Wal, Marijke J. and Rutten, Gijsbert},
  title={Touching the Past: {S}tudies in the historical sociolinguistics of ego-documents},
  year={2013},
  publisher={John Benjamins},
  address={Amsterdam}
}

@Book{vanGelderen2011,
  title = {The linguistic cycle: {L}anguage change and the language faculty},
  publisher = {Benjamins},
  year = {2011},
  author = {van Gelderen, Elly},
  address = {Amsterdam},
}

@Book{vanGelderen2014,
  author    = {van Gelderen, Elly},
  title     = {A history of the {E}nglish language},
  publisher = {John Benjamins},
  edition   = {2},
  year      = {2014},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
}

@Book{Wakelin1975,
  title={Language and history in {C}ornwall},
  author={Wakelin, M. F.},
  year={1975},
  publisher={Leicester University Press},
  address={Leicester},
}

@Article{Wales1983,
    Author = {Wales, Katie},
    Title = {\emph{Thou} and \emph{you} in {E}arly {M}odern {E}nglish: {B}rown and {G}ilman re-appraised},
    Journal = {Studia Linguistica},
    Year = {1983},
    Volume = {37},
    Issue = {2},
    Pages = {107--125},
}

@Article{Wales2004,
    Author = {Wales, Katie},
    Title = {Second person pronouns in contemporary {E}nglish: {T}he end of a story or just the beginning?},
    Journal = {Franco-British Studies},
    Year = {2004},
    Volume = {33},
    Pages = {172--185},
}

@Book{Walkden2014,
    title={Syntactic reconstruction and {P}roto-{G}ermanic},
    author={Walkden, George},
    year={2014},
    publisher={Oxford University Press},
    address={Oxford},
}

@InCollection{Walkden2017actuation,
  author    = {Walkden, George},
  title     = {The actuation problem},
  booktitle = {The {C}ambridge handbook of historical syntax},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year      = {2017},
  pages     = {403--424},
  editor    = {Adam Ledgeway and Ian Roberts},
  address   = {Cambridge},
}

@Unpublished{Walkden2019,
	author = {Walkden, George},
	title = {The {E}merging {V}oices {C}orpus},
	note = {Version 1.0},
	url = {http://walkden.space/voices/},
	year = {2019},
}

@Article{WalkdenMorrison2017,
  author  = {Walkden, George and Morrison, Donald Alasdair},
  title   = {Regional variation in {J}espersen's {C}ycle in {E}arly {M}iddle {E}nglish},
  journal = {Studia Anglica Posnaniensia},
  year    = {2017},
  volume  = {52},
  issue   = {2},
  pages   = {173--201},
}

@Book{Walker1823,
  title={A critical pronouncing dictionary, and expositor of the {E}nglish language. {A}bridged for the use of schools. {T}o which is annexed, an abridgement of {W}alker's key to the pronunciation of {G}reek, {L}atin, and {S}cripture proper names},
  author={Walker, John},
  edition={Stereotype},
  year={1823},
  publisher={Lincoln \& Edmands, Armstrong, \& Ewer},
  address={Boston, MA}
}

@Article{Wallage2008,
  author = {Wallage, Phillip},
  journal = {Lingua},
  pages = {373--427},
  title = {Jespersen's {C}ycle in {M}iddle {E}nglish: {P}arametric variation and grammatical competition},
  volume = {118},
  year = {2008},
  comment = {pdf},
}

@PhdThesis{Waller2017,
  title = {The subjunctive in {P}resent-{D}ay {E}nglish},
  author = {Waller, Tim},
  school = {University College London},
  year = {2017},
  address = {London},
}

@Book{Warner1993,
  title={English auxiliaries: {S}tructure and history},
  author={Warner, Anthony},
  year={1993},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge}
}

@Article{Warner2005,
    Author = {Warner, Anthony},
    Title = {Why {DO} dove: {E}vidence for register variation in {E}arly {M}odern {E}nglish negatives},
    Journal = {Language Variation and Change},
    Year = {2005},
    Volume = {17},
    Issue = {3},
    Pages = {257--280},
}

@Article{Warner2017,
    Author = {Warner, Anthony},
    Title = {English-{N}orse contact, simplification, and sociolinguistic typology},
    Journal = {Neuphilologische Mitteilungen},
    Year = {2017},
    Volume = {118},
    Issue = {2},
    Pages = {317--403},
}

@Book{Watt2019,
  title={Women, writing and religion in {E}ngland and beyond, 650--1100},
  author={Watt, Diane},
  year={2019},
  publisher={Bloomsbury},
  address={London},
}

@Book{Webster1806,
  title={A compendious dictionary of the {E}nglish language. In which five thousand words are added to the number found in the best {E}nglish compends; the orthography is, in some instances, corrected; the pronunciation marked by an accent or other suitable direction; and the definitions of many words amended and improved},
  author={Webster, Noah},
  year={1806},
  publisher={Black, Young, and Young},
  address={New York}
}

@Book{Webster1828,
  title={An introductory dissertation on the origin, history, and connection of the languages of {W}estern {A}sia and of {E}urope; and a concise grammar, philosophical and practical of the {E}nglish language},
  author={Webster, Noah},
  year={1828},
  volume={1},
  publisher={Black, Young, and Young},
  address={New York}
}

@Book{Wells1982a,
  series={Accents of {E}nglish},
  volume={1},
  title={An introduction},
  author={Wells, John C.},
  year={1982},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge}
}

@Book{Wells1982b,
  series={Accents of {E}nglish},
  volume={2},
  title={The {B}ritish {I}sles},
  author={Wells, John C.},
  year={1982},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge}
}

@Book{Wells1982c,
  series={Accents of {E}nglish},
  volume={3},
  title={English beyond the {B}ritish {I}sles},
  author={Wells, John C.},
  year={1982},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge}
}

@Book{White1878,
  title={The {O}rmulum, with the notes and glossary of {Dr. R. M. White}},
  author={White, R. M.},
  year={1878},
  publisher={Clarendon},
  address={Oxford},
}

@InCollection{Willis2016,
  author = {Willis, David},
  title = {Incipient {J}espersen's cycle in {O}ld {E}nglish negation},
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  address = {Aarhus},
}

@InCollection{WillisLucasBreitbarth2013,
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@Article{Wilton2020,
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@InCollection{Wood2007,
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  booktitle = {Historical Linguistics 2005: {S}elected papers from the 17th {I}nternational {C}onference on {H}istorical {L}inguistics, {M}adison, {W}isconsin, 31 {J}uly--5 {A}ugust 2005},
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@InCollection{Woolf2007,
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  address={Cambridge},
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@Book{Wrights,
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@Book{YanezBouza2015,
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    author={Yáñez-Bouza, Nuria},
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    publisher={Cambridge University Press},
    address={Cambridge},
}

@unpublished{York2017,
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}

@Article{Zwicky1969,
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	Year = {1969},
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@Article{ZwickyPullum1983,
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	Year = {1983},
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@Article{CLMET3,
  author  = {Diller, Hans-Jürgen and De Smet, Hendrik and Tyrkkö, Jukka},
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  journal = {The European English Messenger},
  year    = {2011},
  volume  = {19},
  pages   = {21--35},
}










@misc{Eminem1996,
	author = {Eminem},
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@misc{Rihanna2006,
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  title   = {Kisses don't lie},
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@Article{Hickey2018,
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@Article{Hickey1993,
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@Article{GrivicicNilep2004,
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@Article{Fleisher2006,
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@Article{Esposito2017,
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@Article{EddingtonTaylor2009,
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@Article{Eckert1990,
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@Article{Buchstaller2001,
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@Article{Buchstaller2006,
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@Book{Buchstaller2013,
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  address={Oxford},
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@Article{Chambers2017,
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@Article{Sailaja2012,
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@Article{Nolan2012,
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@Article{Mesthrie2015,
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@Article{Shokeir2008,
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@Article{SmithHolmes-Elliott2017,
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@Article{StuartSmithPryceTimmins2013,
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@Article{Yuasa2010,
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@Article{Trudgill2014,
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@Article{TagliamonteDenis2008,
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@Book{GussenhovenJacobs2011,
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@Book{HaspelmathSims2010,
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@Book{BergmannHallRoss2007,
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@Book{Labov2010,
  title={Cognitive and Cultural Factors},
  author={Labov, William},
  year={2010},
  series={Principles of linguistic change},
  volume={3},
  publisher={Blackwell},
  address={Oxford},
}

@Book{LadefogedJohnson2014,
  title={A Course in Phonetics},
  author={Ladefoged, Peter and Johnson, Keith},
  year={2014},
  edition={7},
  publisher={Cengage Learning},
  address={UK},
}

@Book{MontgomeryBailey1986,
  title={Language Variation in the South},
  author={Montgomery, Michael and Bailey, Guy},
  year={1986},
  publisher={University of Alabama Press},
  address={Tuscaloosa},
}

@Book{Mosse1952,
  title={A handbook of {M}iddle {E}nglish},
  author={Mossé, Fernand},
  year={1952},
  note={Translated by James A. Walker},
  publisher={Johns Hopkins University Press},
  address={Baltimore},
}

@Book{Norde2009,
  title={Degrammaticalization},
  author={Norde, Muriel},
  year={2009},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford},
}

@Book{Paulasto2006,
  title={Welsh {E}nglish Syntax: {C}ontact and Variation},
  author={Paulasto, Heli},
  year={2006},
  publisher={University of Joensuu},
  address={Joensuu},
}

@Book{Trudgill2009,
  title={Sociolinguistics: {A}n Introduction to Language and Society},
  author={Trudgill, Peter},
  year={2009},
  edition={4},
  publisher={Penguin Books Ltd.},
  address={London},
}

@Book{Baron2008,
  title={Always on: {L}anguage in an online and mobile world},
  author={Baron, Naomi S.},
  year={2008},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford},
}

@Book{Beal2004,
  title={English in Modern Times: 1700--1945},
  author={Beal, Joan C.},
  year={2004},
  publisher={Hodder Education},
  address={London},
}


@Book{Beal2010,
  title={An Introduction to regional {E}nglishes},
  author={Beal, Joan C.},
  year={2010},
  publisher={Edinburgh University Press},
  address={Edinburgh},
}


@Book{AmadorMoreno2010,
  title={An Introduction to {I}rish {E}nglish},
  author={Amador Moreno, Carolina P.},
  year={2010},
  publisher={Equinox},
  address={London},
}

@Book{Cameron2003,
  title={Verbal hygiene},
  author={Cameron, Deborah},
  year={2003},
  publisher={Routledge},
  address={London and New York},
}

@Book{Clarke2010,
  title={Dialects of {E}nglish. {N}ewfoundland and {L}abrador {E}nglish},
  author={Clarke, Sandra},
  year={2010},
  publisher={Edinburgh University Press},
  address={Edinburgh},
}

@Book{Crystal2003b,
  title={English as a Global Language},
  author={Crystal, David},
  year={2003},
  edition={2},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge},
}

@Book{DavenportHannahs2013,
  title={Introducing Phonetics and Phonology},
  author={Davenport, Mike and Hannahs, Stephen J.},
  year={2013},
  edition={3},
  publisher={Routledge},
  address={New York/London},
}

@Book{FilppulaKlemolaPaulasto2008,
  title={English and {C}eltic in Contact},
  author={Filppula, Markku and Klemola, Juhani and Paulasto, Heli},
  year={2008},
  publisher={Routledge},
  address={New York/London},
}


@Book{Holm2000,
  title={An Introduction to Pidgins and Creoles},
  author={Holm, John},
  year={2000},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge},
}

@Book{Velupillai2015,
  title={Pidgins, Creoles and Mixed Languages: {A}n Introduction},
  author={Velupillai, Viveka},
  year={2015},
  publisher={John Benjamins},
  address={Amsterdam},
}

@Book{Jenkins2015,
  title={Global {E}nglishes: {A} Resource Book for Students},
  author={Jenkins, Jennifer},
  year={2015},
  edition={3},
  publisher={Routledge},
  address={New York/London},
}


@Book{KortmannSchneider2004,
  title={A Handbook of Varieties of {E}nglish},
  author={Kortmann, Bernd and Schneider, Edgar W.},
  year={2004},
  publisher={Mouton de Gruyter},
  address={Berlin},
}

@Book{Trudgill2003,
  title={A Glossary of Sociolinguistics},
  author={Trudgill, Peter},
  year={2003},
  publisher={Edinburgh University Press},
  address={Edinburgh},
}

@Article{VanHerk2008,
    Author = {Van Herk, Gerard},
    Title = {Fear of {B}lack phonology: {T}he {N}orthern {C}ities {S}hift as linguistic {W}hite {F}light},
    Journal = {University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics / Selected Papers from NWAV 36},
    Year = {2008},
    Volume = {14},
    Issue = {2},
    Article = {19},
    Pages = {157--161},
}


@Book{Warren2016,
  title={Uptalk: {T}he Phenomenon of Rising Intonation},
  author={Warren, Paul},
  year={2016},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge},
}

@Book{Wells1973,
  title={Dictionaries and the authoritarian tradition},
  author={Wells, Ronald A.},
  year={1973},
  publisher={de Gruyter},
  address={The Hague},
}

@Book{Wells2006,
  title={English Intonation: {A}n Introduction},
  author={Wells, John C.},
  year={2006},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge},
}

@InCollection{FletcherGrabeWarren2005,
  author    = {Fletcher, Janet and Grabe, Esther and Warren, Paul},
  title     = {Intonational variation in four dialects of {E}nglish: {T}he high rising tune},
  booktitle = {Prosodic Typology: {T}he Phonology of Intonation and Phrasing},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year      = {2010},
  editor    = {Jun, Sun-Ah},
  pages     = {390--409},
  address   = {Oxford},
}

@InCollection{Brown1991,
  author    = {Brown, Keith},
  title     = {Double modals in {H}awick {S}cots},
  booktitle = {Dialects of {E}nglish Studies in grammatical variation},
  year      = {1991},
  editor    = {Chambers, Jack K. and Peter Trudgill},
  pages     = {74--103},
  publisher = {Longman},
  address   = {Essex},
}

@InCollection{Williams1990,
  author    = {Williams, Colin H.},
  title     = {The Anglicisation of {W}ales},
  booktitle = {English in {W}ales: {D}iversity, Conflict and Change},
  publisher = {Multilingual Matters},
  year      = {1990},
  editor    = {Coupland, Nikolas and Thomas, Alan R.},
  pages     = {19--47},
  address   = {Clevedon/Philadelphia},
}

@InCollection{Eisikovits1996,
  author    = {Eisikovits, Edina},
  title     = {Variation in subject-verb agreement in {I}nner {S}ydney {E}nglish},
  booktitle = {English around the World. {S}ociolinguistic Perspectives},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year      = {1996},
  editor    = {Cheshire, Jenny},
  pages     = {235--255},
  address   = {Cambridge},
}


@InCollection{Cukor-Avila1997,
  author    = {Cukor-Avila, Patricia},
  title     = {Change and stability in the use of verbal -\emph{s} over time in {AAVE}},
  booktitle = {Englishes around the world {I}},
  publisher = {John Benjamins},
  year      = {1997},
  editor    = {Schneider, Edgar W.},
  pages     = {295--306},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
}

@Article{Butters1982,
    Author = {Butters, Ronald},
    Title = {Editor's note [on \emph{be like} `think']},
    Journal = {American Speech},
    Year = {1982},
    Volume = {57},
    Issue = {x},
    Pages = {149},
}

@InCollection{Butters2001,
  author    = {Butters, Ronald},
  series={The {C}ambridge history of the {E}nglish language},
  volume={6},
  title     = {American-{B}ritish grammatical differences},
  booktitle = {English in {N}orth {A}merica},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year      = {2001},
  editor    = {Algeo, John},
  pages     = {325--339},
  address   = {Cambridge},
}


@InCollection{Bruckmaier2016,
  author    = {Bruckmaier, Elisabeth},
  title     = {Dialect contact influences on the use of {GET} and the {GET}-passive},
  booktitle = {New approaches to {E}nglish linguistics: {B}uilding bridges},
  publisher = {John Benjamins},
  year      = {2016},
  editor    = {Timofeeva, Olga and Gardner, Anne-Christine and Honkapohja, Alpo and Chevalier, Sarah},
  pages     = {117--140},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
}


@InCollection{Androutsopoulos2013,
  author    = {Androutsopoulos, Jannis},
  title     = {Language change and digital media: {A} review of conceptions and evidence},
  booktitle = {Language (De)Standardisation in {L}ate {M}odern {E}urope: {E}xperimental Studies},
  publisher = {Novus Press},
  year      = {2013},
  editor    = {Coupland, Nikolas and Kristiansen, Tore},
  pages     = {145--160},
  address   = {Oslo},
}

@InCollection{WeinreichLabovHerzog1968,
  author    = {Weinreich, Uriel and Labov, William and Herzog, Marvin I.},
  title     = {Empirical foundations for a theory of language change},
  booktitle = {Directions for Historical Linguistics: {A} Symposium},
  publisher = {University of Texas Press},
  year      = {1968},
  editor    = {Lehmann, Winfred P. and Malkiel, Yakov},
  pages     = {97--195},
  address   = {Austin, TX},
}

@InCollection{Trudgill1999,
  author    = {Trudgill, Peter},
  title     = {Standard {E}nglish: {W}hat it isn't},
  booktitle = {Standard {E}nglish: {T}he Widening Debate},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  year      = {1999},
  editor    = {Bex, Tony and Watts, Richard J.},
  pages     = {117--128},
  address   = {London},
}


@InCollection{Sicoli2015,
  author    = {Sicoli, Mark A.},
  title     = {Voice registers},
  booktitle = {The Handbook of Discourse Analysis},
  publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
  year      = {2015},
  editor    = {Tannen, Deborah and Hamilton, Heidi E. and Schiffrin, Deborah},
  edition	= {2},
  pages     = {105--126},
  address   = {Oxford},
}


@InCollection{MyhillHarris1986,
  author    = {Myhill, John and Harris, Wendell},
  title     = {The use of the verbal -\emph{s} inflection in {BEV}},
  booktitle = {Diversity and Diachrony},
  publisher = {John Benjamins},
  year      = {1986},
  editor    = {Sankoff, David},
  pages     = {25--32},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
}



@PhDthesis{Baranowski2006,
  title={Phonological variation and change in the dialect of {C}harleston, {S}outh {C}arolina},
  author={Baranowski, Maciej},
  year={2006},
  school={University of Pennsylvania},
  address={Pennsylvania}
}


@PhDthesis{McLemore1991,
  title={The Pragmatic Interpretation of {E}nglish Intonation: {S}orority Speech},
  author={McLemore, Cynthia A.},
  year={1991},
  school={University of Texas},
  address={Austin, TX}
}

@PhDthesis{Nance2013,
  title={Phonetic Variation, Sound Change, and Identity in {S}cottish {G}aelic},
  author={Nance, Claire},
  year={2013},
  school={University of Glasgow},
  address={Glasgow}
}

@PhDthesis{Hejna2015,
  title={Pre-aspiration in {W}elsh {E}nglish: {A} case study of {A}berystwyth},
  author={Hejná, Míša},
  year={2015},
  school={University of Manchester},
  address={Manchester}
}

@PhDthesis{Hall2009,
  title={A Probabilistic Model of Phonological Relationships from Contrast to Allophony},
  author={Hall, Kathleen C.},
  year={2009},
  school={Ohio State University},
  address={Columbus, OH}
}


@PhDthesis{Gorelik2016,
  title={Uptalk as a Powerless Speech Style Characteristic of Job Candidates},
  author={Gorelik, Victoria},
  year={2016},
  school={California State University},
  address={Fullerton, CA}
}


@mastersthesis{Kolísková2016,
  title={The Occurrence of the {HW} Element in {W}elsh {E}nglish},
  author={Kolísková, Barbora},
  year={2016},
  school={Charles University},
  address={Prague}
}

@online{CarrieDrummond,
  author = {Carrie, Erin and Drummond, Robert},
  year = {x},
  title = {The Accentism Project},
  howpublished = {Online},
  organization = {The Accentism Project},
  url = {https://accentism.org/},
  urldate = {2018-12-5},
}

@online{Carroll1871,
  author = {Carroll, Lewis},
  year = {1871},
  title = {Jabberwocky},
  howpublished = {Online},
  organization = {Poetry Foundation},
  url = {https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/42916/jabberwocky},
  urldate = {2018-11-22},
}


@book{Kroeger2018,
  author = {Kroeger, Paul},
  year = {2018},
  title = {Analyzing meaning: {A}n introduction to semantics and pragmatics},
  edition = {2},
  publisher = {Language Science Press},
  address = {Berlin},
}


@online{BuchstallerCorriganMearnsMoisl2012,
  author = {Buchstaller, Isabelle and Corrigan, Karen P. and Mearns, Adam and Moisl, Hermann},
  year = {2012},
  title = {TLSG01},
  howpublished = {Online},
  organization = {The Talk of the Toon},
  url = {http://research.ncl.ac.uk/decte/toon/},
  urldate = {2018-11-21},
}


@online{Christie1920,
  author = {Christie, Agatha},
  year = {1920},
  title = {The Mysterious Affair at Styles},
  howpublished = {Online},
  organization = {Gutenberg},
  url = {https://www.gutenberg.org/files/863/863-h/863-h.htm.},
  urldate = {2018-11-21},
}

@online{Eckert,
  author = {Eckert, Penelope},
  year = {Date not provided},
  title = {Vowel Shifts in Northern California and the Detroit Suburbs},
  howpublished = {Online},
  organization = {x},
  url = {https://web.stanford.edu/~eckert/vowels.html},
  urldate = {2018-11-29},
}


@online{Hay,
  author = {Hay, Jen},
  year = {Date not provided},
  title = {The Origins of New Zealand English Project (ONZE)},
  howpublished = {Online},
  organization = {x},
  url = {https://www.canterbury.ac.nz/nzilbb/research/onze/},
  urldate = {2016-12-5},
}


@online{IDEAZimbabwe,
  author = {IDEA Zimbabwe},
  year = {x},
  title = {x},
  howpublished = {Online},
  organization = {x},
  url = {https://www.dialectsarchive.com/zimbabwe-6},
  urldate = {2018-11-28},
}





@online{Hurston2005,
  author = {Hurston, Zora Neale},
  year = {2005},
  title = {Three Plays},
  howpublished = {Online},
  organization = {Gutenberg},
  url = {http://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/17187/pg17187-images.html},
  urldate = {2018-11-21},
}

 
@book{LabovAshBoberg2006,
  author = {Labov, William and Ash, Sharon and Boberg, Charles},
  year = {2006},
  title = {The Atlas of {N}orth {A}merican {E}nglish: {P}honetics, phonology and sound change},
  address = {Berlin},
  publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter},
}


@online{OCallaghan2004,
  author = {O'Callaghan, Conor},
  year = {2004},
  title = {This is her first publication},
  howpublished = {Online},
  organization = {Poetry Foundation},
  url = {https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poetrymagazine/browse?contentId=42229},
  urldate = {2018-11-21},
}


@online{OED,
  author = {x},
  year = {x},
  title = {to troll, to google, a cursor},
  howpublished = {Online},
  organization = {Oxford English Dictionary},
  url = {http://www.oed.com/},
  note = {2018-12-4},
}


@online{Riaz,
  author = {Riaz, Fahmida},
  year = {x},
  title = {First love},
  howpublished = {Online},
  organization = {BBC},
  url = {https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-46362729},
  note = {2018-12-4},
}


@online{CorpusofME2006,
  author = {x},
  year = {2006},
  title = {A common-place book of the fifteenth century, containing a religious play and poetry, legal forms and local accounts},
  howpublished = {Online},
  organization = {Corpus of Middle English Prose and Verse},
  url = {http://name.umdl.umich.edu/AJD3529.0001.001},
  note = {2018-12-4},
}

@Book{BiberConrad2019,
  title={Register, genre, and style},
  author={Biber, Douglas and Conrad, Susan},
  year={2019},
  edition={2},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge},
}

@Book{MesthrieEtal2009,
  title={Introducing sociolinguistics},
  author={Mesthrie, Rajend and Swann, Joan and Deumert, Ana and Leap, William L.},
  year={2009},
  edition={2},
  publisher={Edinburgh University Press},
  address={Edinburgh},
}

@Book{Meyerhoff2019,
  title={Introducing sociolinguistics},
  author={Meyerhoff, Miriam},
  year={2019},
  edition={3},
  publisher={Routledge},
  address={London/New York},
}

@Book{Schreieretal2010,
  title={The lesser-known varieties of {E}nglish},
  author={Schreier, Daniel and Trudgill, Peter and Schneider, Edgar W. and Williams, Jeffrey P.},
  year={2010},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge},
}

@Book{Williamsetal2015,
  title={Further studies in the lesser known varieties of {E}nglish},
  author={Williams, Jeffrey P. and Schneider, Edgar W. and Trudgill, Peter and Schreier, Daniel},
  year={2015},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge},
}