% Encoding: UTF-8
@misc{WorldBank2020,
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@misc{VandeCruys2018,
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@misc{MultilingualHigherEducation2016,
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@inproceedings{MiyataFujita2017,
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@article{MarzoukHansen-Schirra2019,
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@misc{Marking2016,
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@misc{Lilt.Online.https://support.lilt.com/hc/en-us/articles/36002060,
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@misc{Joyeux2019,
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@misc{Ghiara2018,
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@misc{GT2021,
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@misc{Eurostat2020,
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@misc{EuropeanParliament2021,
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@misc{EuropeanCouncil2002,
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@misc{EuropeanCommission2021,
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@misc{EuropeanCommission2013,
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@misc{CounciloftheEU2014,
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@misc{CounciloftheEU2008may,
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@inproceedings{Castilho2020,
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     author = {Ko, Wei-Jen  and       El-Kishky, Ahmed  and       Renduchintala, Adithya  and       Chaudhary, Vishrav  and       Goyal, Naman  and       Guzm{\'a}n, Francisco  and       Fung, Pascale  and       Koehn, Philipp  and       Diab, Mona},
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@inproceedings{bao-etal-2021-g,
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     booktitle = {Proceedings of the 59th Annual Meeting of the {A}ssociation for {C}omputational {L}inguistics and the 11th International Joint Conference on {N}atural {L}anguage {P}rocessing (Volume 1: Long Papers)},
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@inproceedings{Toral-etal-2018,
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@incollection{Zakharova2019,
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@incollection{Slobin2003,
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@incollection{OBrienVázquez2019,
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@incollection{Navarro2008,
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@incollection{MoorkensRocchi2021,
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@incollection{MoorkensLewis2019,
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@incollection{Jakobson1959,
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@incollection{Doherty2017,
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@incollection{DochertyShari2008,
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	author = {Docherty, Peter and Mari Kira and A. B. (Rami) Shari},
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@incollection{Abdallah2010,
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@book{Šarcevic1997,
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@inproceedings{deAlmeidaO’Brien2010,
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@book{WIPO1979,
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@book{VinallHellmich2022,
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	editor = {Vinall, Kimberly and Emily Hellmich},
	url = {https://escholarship.org/uc/uccllt_l2/14/1},
	title = {Machine Translation \& Language Education: {I}mplications for Theory, Research, \& Practice},
	volume = {14},
	number = {1},
	pages = {1--3},
	year = {2022}
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@misc{VandeCruys2020,
	title = {La poésie des machines à traduire},
	note = {Paper presented at {L}a traduction littéraire et SHS à la rencontre des technologies de la traduction},
	author = {Van de Cruys, Tim},
	note = {Translating Europe Workshop. Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès. 7 February 2020},
	url = {http://timvandecruys.be/media/presentations/pres_tradlit_070220.pdf},
	publisher = {enjeux, pratiques et perspectives},
	title = {Articuler ou trahir},
	year = {2020}
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@book{TrousselDebussche2014,
	address = {Luxembourg},
	author = {Troussel, Jean-Christophe and Julien Debussche},
	publisher = {Publications Office of the European Union},
	title = {Translation and Intellectual Property Rights},
	year = {2014}
}

@book{TorregrosaRivero2018,
	address = {PhD Thesis. Alicante},
	author = {Torregrosa Rivero, Daniel},
	url = {https://rua.ua.es/dspace/bitstream/10045/77110/1/thesis_daniel_torregrosa_rivero.pdf},
	publisher = {University of Alicante},
	title = {Black-box interactive translation prediction},
	year = {2018}
}

@inproceedings{Toral2019,
	booktitle = {Proceedings of Machine Translation Summit {XVII}},
	author = {Toral, Antonio},
	place = {Dublin},
	publisher = {EAMT},
	title = {Post-editese: {{A}}n Exacerbated Translationese},
	url = {https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W19-6627/},
	pages = {273--281},
	year = {2019}
}

@book{TomalinUllmann2021,
	title = {The practical ethics of bias reduction in machine translation. {W}hy domain adaptation is better than data debiasing},
	author = {Tomalin, Marcus and Byrne, Bill and Concannon, Shauna and Saunders, Danielle and Ullmann, Stefanie},
	journal = {Ethics and {I}nformation {T}echnology}, 
	doi = {10.1007/s10676-021-09583-1},
	issue = {23},
	pages = {419--433},
	year = {2021}
}

@book{Tiedemann2012,
	address = {In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2012). 2214-2218. Luxembourg},
	author = {Tiedemann, Jörg},
	publisher = {ELRA},
	sortname = {Tiedemann, Jorg},
	title = {Parallel Data, Tools and Interfaces in {{OPUS}}},
	url = {http://www.lrec-conf.org/proceedings/lrec2012/pdf/463_Paper.pdf},
	year = {2012}
}

@incollection{ThueVold2018,
	booktitle = {Metacognition in Language Learning and Teaching},
	editor = {Haukås, Åsta and Bjørke, Camilla and Dypedahl, Magne},
	place = {New York},
	author = {Thue Vold, Eva},
	doi = {10.4324/9781351049146},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	title = {Using Machine-Translated Texts to Generate {L3} Learners’ Metalinguistic Talk},
	pages = {67-97},
	year = {2018}
}

@book{EU2012,
	url = {https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:12012P/TXT},
	author = {{European Union}},
	note = {2012/C 326/02},
	title = {Charter of {F}undamental {R}ights of the {E}uropean {U}nion},
	year = {2012}
}

@inproceedings{SteinbergerSchlüter2012,
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation ({LREC} 2012)},
	author = {Steinberger, Ralf and Eisele, Andreas and Klocek, Szymon and Pilos, Spyridon and Schlüter, Patrick},
	publisher = {ELRA},
	title = {{{DGT}}-{{TM}}: a freely Available Translation Memory in 22 Languages},
	url = {https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/L12-1481/},
	year = {2012}
}

@book{SeoaneVicente2015,
	address = {Doctoral Thesis. URI},
	author = {Seoane Vicente, Ángel Luis},
	note = {handle.net/10045/53587},
	publisher = {http://hdl},
	sortname = {Seoane Vicente, Angel Luis},
	title = {Lenguaje controlado aplicado a la traducción automática de prospectos farmacéuticos},
	year = {2015}
}

@book{PymMalmkjaer2013,
	address = {Luxembourg},
	author = {Pym, Anthony and Gutiérrez-Colón Plana, Maria del Mar and  Malmkjaer, Kirsten},
	volume = {3},
	publisher = {Publications Office of the European Union},
	title = {Translation and Language Learning: {{T}}he Role of Translation in the Teaching of Languages in the {E}uropean {U}nion},
	year = {2013}
}

@book{Pym2012,
	address = {Amsterdam},
	author = {Pym, Anthony},
	publisher = {John Benjamins},
	title = {On translator ethics: principles for mediation between cultures},
	year = {2012}
}

@inproceedings{Post2018,
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the Third Conference on Machine Translation ({WMT}), {V}olume 1: Research Papers},
	place = {Brussels},
	publisher = {Association for {C}omputational {L}inguistics},
	author = {Post, Matt},
	doi = {10.18653/v1/W18-6319},
	title = {A Call for Clarity in Reporting {{BLEU}} Scores},
	pages = {186--191},
	year = {2018}
}

@inproceedings{Pop2015,
	ids = {Popović2015},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the Tenth Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation},
	author = {Popović, Maja},
	url = {10.18653/v1/W15-3049},
	publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
	sortname = {Popovic, Maja},
	title = {chrF: {{C}}haracter n-gram F-score for automatic {{MT}} evaluation},
	pages = {392--395},
	year = {2015}
}

@inproceedings{O’Brien2003,
	title = {Controlling Controlled {E}nglish. {A}n Analysis of Several Controlled Language Rule Sets},
	author = {O'Brien, Sharon},
	note = {Dublin City University. 15-17 May 2003},
	url = {https://aclanthology.org/2003.eamt-1.12.pdf},
	publisher = {{EAMT/CLAW}},
	booktitle = {Controlled Language Translation},
	year = {2003}
}

@book{Olohan2015,
	address = {London},
	author = {Olohan, Maeve},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	title = {Scientific and Technical Translation},
	year = {2015}
}

@article{NunesVieiraOSullivan2020,
	journal = {Information Communication and Society},
	author = {Nunes Vieira, Lucas and O'Hagan, Minako and Carol O'Sullivan},
	doi = {10.1080/1369118X.2020.1776370},
	sortname = {Nunes Vieira, Lucas, Minako O'Hagan and Carol O'Sullivan},
	title = {Understanding the societal impacts of machine translation: {{A}} critical review of the literature on medical and legal use cases},
	year = {2020}
}

@book{NitzkeHansen-Schirra2021,
	address = {Berlin},
	author = {Nitzke, Jean and Silvia Hansen-Schirra},
	doi = {10.5281/zenodo.5646896},
	publisher = {Language Science Press},
	title = {A short guide to post-editing},
	note =  {(Translation and {M}ultilingual {N}atural {L}anguage {P}rocessing 16)},
	year = {2021}
}

@book{Laviosa2014,
	address = {London/New York},
	author = {Laviosa, Sara},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	title = {Translation and language education: {{P}}edagogic approaches explored},
	year = {2014}
}

@book{Krings2001,
	address = {Ohio},
	author = {Krings, Hans P.},
	publisher = {Kent State University Press},
	title = {Repairing texts: Empirical investigations of machine translation post-editing processes},
	year = {2001}
}

@book{Knight1994,
	address = {CBIE Research No. 7. Ottawa},
	author = {Knight, Jane},
	publisher = {Canadian Bureau for International Education (CBIE)/Bureau canadien de l’éducation internationale (BCEI)},
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@book{Kay1980,
	address = {Palo Alto, CA},
	author = {Kay, Martin},
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	publisher = {Xerox Corporation},
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	year = {1980}
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@book{Jones2016,
	address = {In Proceedings of the Conferences of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas: MT Users' Track. 551–574. Austin, TX},
	author = {Jones, Doug},
	publisher = {AMTA},
	title = {Proto {{MT}} Evaluation for Humanitarian Assistance Disaster Response Scenarios},
	year = {2016}
}

@misc{Johnson2020,
	author = {Johnson, Marvin},
	url = {https://ai.googleblog.com/2020/04/a-scalable-approach-to-reducing-gender.html},
	urldate = {2020-05-20},
	title = {A Scalable Approach to Reducing Gender Bias in {G}oogle {T}ranslate},
	year = {2020}
}

@misc{ISO2017,
	title = {{ISO} 18857:2017. {T}ranslation services – Post-editing of machine translation output: {Requirements}},
	author = {ISO},
	url = {https://www.iso.org/standard/62970.html},
	year = {2017}
}

@book{House2015,
	address = {London},
	author = {House, Juliane},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	title = {Translation quality assessment: {{P}}ast and present},
	year = {2015}
}

@misc{Google2020,
	url = {https://developers.google.com/style/translation},
	author = {Google},
	title = {Writing for a global audience. {G}oogle Developer Documentation Style Guide},
	year = {2020}
}

@book{Gerlach2015,
	title = {Improving Statistical Machine Translation of Informal Language. {A} Rule-based Pre-editing Approach for French Forums},
	author = {Gerlach, Johanna},
	note = {Doctoral thesis},
	url = {https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:73226},
	place = {Geneva},
	publisher = {University of Geneva},
	year = {2015}
}

@book{Gao2019,
	address = {Cham},
	author = {Gao, Catherine Yuan},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-21465-4},
	publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan},
	title = {Measuring University Internationalization},
	year = {2019}
}

@book{Fry2003,
	address = {2nd edition. Updated by Arle Lommel. Féchy},
	author = {Fry, Deborah},
	publisher = {LISA},
	title = {The Localization Industry Primer},
	url = {https://www.immagic.com/eLibrary/ARCHIVES/GENERAL/LISA/L030625P.pdf},
	year = {2003}
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@article{FreitagMacherey2021,
    author = {Freitag, Markus and Foster, George and Grangier, David and Ratnakar, Viresh and Tan, Qijun and Macherey, Wolfgang},
    title = {Experts, Errors, and Context: A Large-Scale Study of Human Evaluation for Machine Translation},
    journal = {Transactions of the {A}ssociation for {C}omputational {L}inguistics},
    volume = {9},
    pages = {1460-1474},
    doi = {10.1162/tacl_a_00437},
    year = {2021}    
}

@book{Fredholm2019,
	journal = {Revista Nebrija de Lingüística Aplicada a la Enseñanza de las Lenguas},
	volume = {13},
	number = {26},
	pages = {98 -- 117},
	author = {Fredholm, Kent},
	note = {26378/rnlael1326300},
	title = {Effects of Google translate on lexical diversity: {V}ocabulary development among learners of {S}panish as a foreign language},
	doi = {doi: 10.26378/rnlael1326300},
	year = {2019}
}

@book{Eurydice2019,
	address = {Luxembourg},
	author = {Eurydice},
	note = {https://op.europa.eu/s/n8TH},
	publisher = {Publications Office of the European Union},
	title = {The teaching of regional and minority languages in schools in {E}urope},
	doi = {10.2797/472090},
	year = {2019}
}

@book{Eurostat2022,
	address = {Online data code},
	author = {Eurostat},
	url = {https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/educ_uoe_lang02/default/table?lang=en},
	publisher = {EDUC\_UOE\_LANG02},
	title = {Pupils by education level and number of modern foreign languages studied - absolute numbers and \% of pupils by number of languages studied},
	year = {2022}
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@book{EuropeanParliamentandCouncilofEuropeanUnionUnion2016,
	address = {Available at:  https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32016R0679&from=EN (accessed},
	author = {{European Parliament and Council of European Union}},
	publisher = {2 December 2019)},
	title = {Regulation ({{EU}}) 2016/679},
	year = {2016}
}

@book{DGT2022,
	author = {{European Commission, Directorate-General for Translation}},
	url = {https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2782/253419},
	title = {Translation in figures 2022},
	year = {2022}
}

@misc{JRC2022,
	author = {{European Commission, EU Science Hub}},
	url = {https://joint-research-centre.ec.europa.eu/language-technology-resources/dgt-translation-memory_en},
	title = {DGT-{T}ranslation {M}emory},
	year = {2022}
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@misc{EuropeanCommission2019,
	url = {https://op.europa.eu/webpub/eac/education-and-training-monitor-2019/en/},
	author = {{European Commission}},
	publisher = {10},
	title = {Education and Training Monitor},
	year = {2019}
}

@misc{EuropeanCommission2014,
	url = {https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=LEGISSUM:ef0003},
	author = {{European Commission}},
	title = {Multilingualism – an asset and a commitment},
	year = {2014}
}

@book{EuropeanCommission2008,
	title = {Multilingualism: an asset for {E}urope and a shared commitment},
	url = {https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX},
	author = {{European Commission}},
	note = {Communication from the {C}ommission to the {E}uropean {P}arliament, the {C}ouncil, the {E}uropean {E}conomic and {S}ocial {C}ommittee and the {C}ommittee of the {R}egions},
	year = {2008}
}

@book{EuropeanCommission2007,
	address = {ISBN},
	author = {{European Commission}},
	note = {europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/b0a1339f-f181-4de5-abd3-130180f177c7.},
	publisher = {978-92-79-06902-4 https://op},
	title = {Final Report from High Level Group on Multilingualism},
	year = {2007}
}

@book{DruganJoanna2013,
	address = {London},
	author = {Drugan Joanna},
	publisher = {Bloomsbury},
	title = {Quality in professional translation: {{A}}ssessment and improvement},
	year = {2013}
}

@book{Drugan2013,
	address = {London},
	author = {Drugan, Joanna},
	publisher = {Bloomsbury},
	title = {Quality in Professional Translation: {{A}}ssessment and Improvement},
	year = {2013}
}

@book{Cronin2017,
	address = {London},
	author = {Cronin, Michael},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	title = {Eco-translation: {{T}}ranslation and Ecology in the Age of the Anthropocene},
	year = {2017}
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@misc{CounciloftheEU2011,
	url = {https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2011:372:0027:0030:EN},
	author = {{Council of the EU}},
	publisher = {PDF},
	title = {Council conclusions on language competences to enhance mobility 2011},
	year = {2011}
}

@book{Cook2010,
	address = {Oxford},
	author = {Cook, Guy},
	publisher = {Oxford University Press},
	title = {Translation in Language Teaching},
	year = {2010}
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@article{ChungAhn2021,
	journal = {Computer Assisted Language Learning},
	author = {Chung, Eun Seon and Soojin Ahn},
	doi = {10.1080/09588221.2020.1871029},
	title = {The effect of using machine translation on linguistic features in {L2} writing across proficiency levels and text genres},
	year = {2021}
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@book{Byrne2006,
	address = {Dordrecht},
	author = {Byrne, Jody},
	publisher = {Springer},
	title = {Technical Translation. {U}sability strategies for translating technical documentation},
	year = {2006}
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@book{BowkerCiro2019,
	address = {Bingley},
	author = {Bowker, Lynne and Jairo Buitrago Ciro},
	publisher = {Emerald Publishing},
	title = {Machine Translation and Global Research},
	year = {2019}
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@book{Baker2018,
	address = {London},
	author = {Baker, Mona},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	title = {In Other Words},
	year = {2018}
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@inproceedings{AzizSpecia2012,
	author = {Aziz, Wilker and Castilho, Sheila and Specia, Lucia},
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	title = {{PET}: a Tool for Post-editing and Assessing Machine Translation},
	year = {2012}
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@article{rumelhart1986learning,
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@article{Brown2020,
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@article{forcada2017making,
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@misc{Wikizero2020,
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@article{WhippleNyaga2010,
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@article{Weizenbaum1986,
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@article{WachterMittelstadt2019,
	author = {Wachter, Sandra and Brent Mittelstadt},
	journal = {Columbia Business Law Review},
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	title = {A Right to Reasonable Inferences: {{R}}e-Thinking Data Protection Law in the Age of Big Data and {{AI}}},
	volume = {2019},
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@article{VieiraO’Sullivan2020,
	author = {Vieira, Lucas Nunes and O’Hagan, Minako and Carol O’Sullivan},
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	number = {11},
	pages = {1515--1532},
	sortname = {Vieira, Lucas Nunes, Minako O'Hagan and Carol O'Sullivan},
	title = {Understanding the societal impacts of machine translation: {{A}} critical review of the literature on medical and legal use cases},
	volume = {24},
	year = {2020}
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@article{Vashishth2019,
	author = {Shikhar Vashishth and        Shyam Upadhyay and        Gaurav Singh Tomar and        Manaal Faruqui},
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	biburl = {https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-1909-11218.bib},
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	journal = {CoRR},
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	year = {2019}
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@inproceedings{VanmassenhoveWay2019,
	author = {Vanmassenhove, Eva and Shterionov, Dimitar and Way, Andy},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of Machine Translation Summit {XVII}: {R}esearch Track. {D}ublin: {EAMT}},
	title = {Lost in Translation: {L}oss and Decay of Linguistic Richness in Machine Translation},
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@article{VanWynsberghe2021,
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@article{Topping2000,
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@article{TeixeiraOBrien2017,
	author = {Teixeira, Carlos S. C. and Sharon O'Brien},
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@article{Saunders2021,
	author = {Danielle Saunders},
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@article{Sakamoto2019,
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@article{ResendeWay2021,
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@article{RamatiPinchevski2018,
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	year = {2018}
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@article{PintadoGutiérrez2018,
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@article{O’Neill2019,
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@article{Nurminen2020,
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@article{Niño2009,
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@article{MundtGroves2016,
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