@incollection{AsarinaHolt2005, address = {Los Angeles}, author = {Asarina, Alya and Anna Holt}, booktitle = {{{UCLA} Working Papers in Linguistics, no. 12, Proceedings of {AFLA} {XII}}}, editor = {Jeffrey Heinz and Dimitris Ntelitheos}, pages = {1--17}, publisher = {University of California, Los Angeles}, title = {Syntax and semantics of {Tagalog} modals}, year = {2005} } @mastersthesis{mühleisen1993attitudes, author = {Mühleisen, Susanne}, school = {Freie Universität Berlin}, title = {Attitudes towards {L}anguage {V}arieties in {T}rinidad}, year = {1993} } @thesis{foster1997september, author = {Foster, Paul Nathan}, school = {Harvard University}, title = {Which {September}?: {S}egregation, Busing and Resegregation in the {{Columbus}} Public Schools, 1944-1996}, type = {BA Honors thesis}, year = {1997} } @incollection{Andersen1993, author = {Andersen, Roger W.}, booktitle = {Progression and regression in language}, editor = {K Hyltenstam and A Viborg}, pages = {309--339}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {Four operating principles and input distribution as explanations for under-developed and mature morphological systems}, year = {1993} } @techreport{youssef_deuber2012, author= {Youssef, Valerie and Deuber, Dagmar}, title={{ICE} {T}rinidad and {T}obago: {T}eacher Language Investigation in a University Research Class}, year ={2012} } @techreport{reecelindsjo2012, address = {Columbus, OH}, author = {Reece, Jason and Rogers,Christy and Martin, Matt and Colombo, Liz and Holley, Dwight and Lindsjo, Melisa}, institution = {The Kirwin Institute for the Study of Race and Ethnicity. The Ohio State University}, title = {Neighborhoods and community development in {Franklin County}: {U}nderstanding our past and preparing for our future}, year = {2012} } @techreport{collins2020great, author = {Collins, William J}, institution = {National Bureau of Economic Research}, title = {The Great Migration of {Black Americans} from the {{US} {South}}: {{A}} Guide and Interpretation}, url = {http://www.nber.org/papers/w27268}, year = {2020} } @techreport{UScensus2010, author = {{U. S. Census Bureau}}, title = {2010 Census of Population and Housing}, url = {https://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/cph-1-53.pdf}, year = {2010} } @techreport{CensusBureau2010, author = {{U. S. Census Bureau}}, title = {United {S}tates Census 2010}, url = {http://www.census.gov}, year = {2010} } @phdthesis{pinharanda2010, author = {Pinharanda, Mário}, school = {University of Macau}, title = {Estudo da expressão morfo-sintática das categorias de tempo, modo e aspecto em {Maquista}}, year = {2010} } @phdthesis{murphy1970, author = {Murphy, Melvin L}, school = {The {Ohio} State University, Columbus, OH}, title = {The {{Columbus}} Urban League: {{A}} History, 1917-1967}, year = {1970} } @phdthesis{james1972, author = {James, Felix}, school = {The Ohio State University}, title = {The {A}merican addition: {{T}}he history of the {A}frican {A}merican community}, year = {1972} } @phdthesis{jacobs1994, author = {Jacobs, Gregory Scott}, school = {The Ohio State University}, title = {Getting around {Brown}: {{D}}esegregation, development, and the {{Columbus}} public schools, 1954-1994}, year = {1994} } @phdthesis{haynes1973language, author = {Haynes, Lilith A.}, school = {Stanford University}, title = {Language in {{Barbados}} and {{Guyana}}: {A}ttitudes, Behaviors and Comparison}, year = {1973} } @phdthesis{guy1981linguistic, address = {Philadelphia, PA}, author = {Guy, Gregory}, school = {University of Pennsylvania}, title = {{Linguistic Variation in {Brazilian Portuguese}}}, year = {1981} } @phdthesis{gibson_peterhouse2010, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Gibson-Peterhouse, Carrie E.}, school = {University of Cambridge}, title = {{The Impact of the {Haitian} Revolution on the {Hispanic} {Caribbean}, c. 1791-1830}}, year = {2010} } @phdthesis{durian2012new, author = {Durian, David}, school = {The Ohio State University}, title = {A new perspective on vowel variation across the 19th and 20th centuries in {{Columbus}, {OH}}}, url = {http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1356279130}, year = {2012} } @phdthesis{Weldon1998, address = {Columbus, OH}, author = {Weldon, Tracey}, school = {The Ohio State University}, title = {Exploring the {{AAVE}-{Gullah}} connection: {A} comparative study of copula variability}, year = {1998} } @phdthesis{Waas1993, address = {Sydney}, author = {Waas, Margit}, school = {Macquarie University}, title = {Language attrition among {G}erman speakers in {A}ustralia: {A} sociolinguistic inquiry}, year = {1993} } @phdthesis{Villagómez2005, address = {Tallahassee, FL}, author = {Villagómez, Rosita E.}, school = {Florida State University}, title = {El {S}ilenciamiento del Sujeto de Origen {A}fricano en las {L}etras {P}uertorriqueñas del {S}iglo {{XIX}}}, year = {2005} } @phdthesis{Stahl1966, address = {Ames, IA}, author = {Stahl, John}, school = {Iowa State University}, title = {Economic development through land reform in {P}uerto {R}ico}, type = {PhD Dissertation}, year = {1966} } @phdthesis{Sippola2011, address = {Helsinki}, author = {Sippola, Eeva}, school = {University of Helsinki}, title = {{Una} gramática descriptiva del chabacano de {{Ternate}}}, year = {2011} } @phdthesis{Messam-Johnson2017, address = {Kingston}, author = {Messam-Johnson, Trecel}, school = {University of the West Indies}, title = {Attrition of a {C}reole: {T}he syntactic effects of the {L2} acquisition of {P}apiamentu on {J}amaican {C}reole}, year = {2017} } @phdthesis{Martinus1996, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Martinus, Efraim Frank}, school = {Universiteit van Amsterdam}, title = {{The Kiss of a {Slave}: {{P}}apiamentu's {West} {African} Connections}}, year = {1996} } @phdthesis{Lapsansky1975, author = {Lapsansky, Emma Jones}, school = {University of Pennsylvania}, title = {{South} Street {P}hiladelphia, 1762-1854: {A} haven for those low in the world}, year = {1975} } @phdthesis{Jones2019, author = {Jones, Byron}, school = {University of the West Indies, St. Augustine}, title = {Beyond di Riddim: {L}anguage Use in {J}amaican Popular Music, 1962-2012}, year = {2019} } @phdthesis{Gooden2003, author = {Gooden, Shelome}, school = {The Ohio State University}, title = {The Phonology and Phonetics of {{Jamaican}} {{Creole}} Reduplication}, year = {2003} } @phdthesis{Forman1972, address = {Ithaca}, author = {Forman, Michael Lawrence}, school = {Cornell University}, title = {{{Zamboangueño}} texts with grammatical analysis: {{A}} study of {{Philippine}} {{Creole}} {{Spanish}}}, year = {1972} } @phdthesis{DeLisser2015, author = {De Lisser, Tamirand N.}, title = {The acquisition of {J}amaican {C}reole: {T}he emergence and transformation of early syntactic systems}, university = {University of Geneva}, year = {2015} } @online{Zavala-Trías2003, author = {Zavala-Trías, Sylvia}, note = {Last upgrade on {J}uly 2nd, 2003}, title = {Reglamento de {{E}}sclavos de 1826}, url = {rootsweb.com/{\textasciitilde}poncepr/reglamento.html}, year = {2003} } @Online{SABERCountryReport2013, author = {{{SABER} {C}ountry {R}eport}}, title = {{Jamaica}. {{E}}arly {C}hildhood {D}evelopment}, url = {http://wbgfiles.worldbank.org/documents/hdn/ed/saber/supporting_doc/CountryReports/ECD/SABER_ECD_Jamaica_CR_Final_2013.pdf}, urldate = {2015-04-28}, journal = {World {B}ank}, year = {2013}, } @online{JLU2009_video, author = {{Jamaican Language Unit}}, urldate = {2020-03-06}, title = {Writing {J}amaican the {{Jamaican}} Way/{Ou} fi {R}ait {Jamiekan}}, url = {https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2rx4FAIxaTE}, year = {2009} } @online{JLU2005_survey, author = {{Jamaican Language Unit}}, title = {The {L}anguage {A}ttitude {S}urvey of {{Jamaica}}}, url = {https://www.mona.uwi.edu/dllp/jlu/projects/Report%20for%20Language%20Attitude%20Survey%20of%20Jamaica.pdf}, year = {2005} } @online{DaviesFerreira2006, author = {Davies, Mark and Michael Ferreira}, title = {Corpus do {P}ortuguês:45 million words, 1300s-1900s}, url = {http://www.corpusdoportugues.org}, year = {2006} } @online{Davies2002, author = {Davies, Mark}, title = {Corpus del {{E}}spañol:100 million words, 1200s-1900s}, url = {http://www.corpusdelespanol.org}, year = {2002} } @misc{librarycompany2011, author = {{Library Company of Philadelphia}}, title = {Black founders: {T}he free black community in the Early Republic}, url={https://librarycompany. {{O}}rg/blackfounders/section6. {{H}}tm}, year = {2011} } @book{delRosario2007, address = {Cavite City}, author = {{del Rosario}, Flora}, publisher = {Memorable viaje}, title = {Aviso: {N}ewsletter of {C}avite {C}ity Library and Museum}, volume = {5}, number = {7}, year = {2007} } @misc{cockburn1994goldenage, address = {Grand Street}, author = {Cockburn, Alexander}, % note = {June 22, 1994/July 30, 1994}, title = {The Golden Age Is in Us: {N}oam {C}homsky Interviewed by {A}lexander {C}ockburn}, url = {http://chomsky.info/19940622/}, year = {1994} } @misc{Yatchi2012, author = {Yatchi}, urldate = {2019-02-20}, title = {{Change}: {D}efinitely {F}ilipino}, url = {https://definitelyfilipino.com/blog/change-2/}, year = {2012} } @book{Winford2001typology, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, series = {Occasional Paper. Society for Caribbean Linguistics}, number = {29}, title = {On the typology of creole {{TMA}} systems}, year = {2001} } @book{Winford1979phonological, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, series = {Occasional Paper. Society for Caribbean Linguistics}, number = {12}, title = {Phonological Variation and Change in {Trinidadian} {{English}} – the Evolution of the Vowel system}, year = {1979} } @incollection{Winford2008_dictionary, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, title={Pidgin and Creole Languages}, editor={Prakasam, V and et al.}, booktitle={An Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Linguistic Terminology}, publisher={Punjabi University}, address={ India}, year={2008} } @collection{Winford1974_lgsociety, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, note = {Special issue of Caribbean Issues}, title = {Language and Society}, year = {1974}, volume = {2}, number = {3} } @phdthesis{Winford1972, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, school = {University of York}, title = {A sociolinguistic description of two communities in {{Trinidad}}}, year = {1972} } @misc{WikicontempAE, author = {Wikipedia}, note = {Wikimedia Foundation, 8 Apr. 2019}, title = {Corpus of Contemporary {{American} {English}}}, url = {{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpus_of_Contemporary_American_English}}, year = {2019} } @unpublished{Wassink2020, author = {Wassink, Alicia Beckford}, note = {Paper presented at the meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, February 14, 2020.}, title = {Automatic speech recognition and ethnicity-related dialects. {{{U}}}neven success}, url = {https://depts.washington.edu/sociolab/publications/documents/AAAS-2020-Wassink.pdf}, year = {2020} } @unpublished{Vigo1987, author = {Vigo, José A.}, note = {Ms., José Vigo Collection, Schomburg Center, New York Public Library. [Expanded version of paper presented at the Mid-Hudson Meeting of the MLA, Marist College, Poughkeepsie, NY, 1986.]}, title = {Language and society in {{Samaná}}}, year = {1987} } @unpublished{Vigo1982, author = {Vigo, José A.}, note = {Ms. José Vigo Collection, Schomburg Center, New York Public Library}, title = {Transcript of interview conducted with {D}ora {V}anderhorst, {{Samaná}}}, year = {1982} } @misc{Santos2018, author = {Santos, Jamil}, note = {(12 September, 2020)}, title = {Natikman mo na ba ang ice cream na salted egg flavor? {{G}}{{MA}} News}, url = {https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/balitambayan/talakayan/674621/natikman-mo-na-ba-ang-ice-cream-na-salted-egg-flavor/story/}, year = {2018} } @book{RiegodeDios1989, author = {Riego de Dios, Maria Isabelita O.}, series = {Studies in Philippine Linguistics}, volum = {7}, number = {2}, title = {A composite dictionary of {{Philippine}} {{Creole}} {{Spanish}} ({{PCS}})}, year = {1989}, publisher = {Linguistic Society of the Philippines and Summer Institute of Linguistics}, address = {Manila} } @misc{Ridner2017, author = {Ridner, Judith A.}, note = {The encyclopedia of {Greater Philadelphia}}, title = {{{Scots}} {{{{Irish}}}} {(Scotch {{Irish}})}}, url = {https://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/archive/scots-irish/}, year = {2017} } @InCollection{Parkvall2017, author = {Parkvall, Mikael}, booktitle = {Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics}, title = {{{Pidgin}} Languages}, year = {2017}, doi = {10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.013.58}, address = {Oxford}, publisher = {Oxford Univeristy Press} } @misc{Miller2015, author = {Miller, Errol}, journal = {{OAS} {E}ducational {P}ortal of the {A}mericas)}, % note = {April, 2017}, title = {Educational {R}eform in {I}ndependent {J}amaica}, url = {http://www.educoas.org/portal/bdigital/contenido/interamer/bkiacd/interamer/Interamerhtml/Millerhtml/mil_mil.htm}, year = {2015} } @InCollection{Meer2019, address = {Maceió, Alagoas}, author = {Meer, Phillipp}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {50th} {Congress of the Brazilian Linguistics Association, May} 2–9}, title = {Sociolinguistic variation in ({{Standard}}) {Trinidadian {English}} vowels: {A} semi-automatic sociophonetic study of selected monophthongs and diphthongs}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Brazilian Linguistics Association} } @InCollection{Labov1966, addresse = {The Hague}, author = {Labov, William}, booktitle = {Sociolinguistics}, editor = {W. Bright}, title = {Hypercorrection by the lower middle class as a factor in linguistic change}, publisher = {De Gruyter Mouton}, year = {1966}, pages={84--113}, doi = {10.1515/9783110856507-008} } @InCollection{KoeneckeGoel2020, author = {Koenecke, Allison and Nam, Andrew and Lake, Emily and Nudell,Joe and Quartey,Minnie and Mengesha,Zion and Toups, Connor and Rickford, John R. and Jurafsky,Dan and Goel, Sharad}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.1915768117}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {National Academy of Sciences}}, editor = {Judith T. Irvine}, number = {14}, pages = {7684--7689}, title = {Racial disparities in automated speech recognition}, volume = {117}, year = {2020} } @phdthesis{irvine2005, title={Defining good {E}nglish in {J}amaica: {L}anguage variation and language ideology in an agency of the {J}amaican state}, author={Irvine, Alison G.}, year={2005}, school={University of the West Indies}, address={Kingston} } @unpublished{Gooden2019, author = {Gooden, Shelome}, note = {Plenary presentation at the {Mervyn C. Alleyne} commemorative conference, {University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica, June}}, title = {{Afro-American} intonation and prosody: {A}n evolving ecology}, year = {2019} } @book{Díaz-Soler1974, address = {San Juan}, author = {Díaz-Soler, Luis M.}, publisher = {Editorial Universitaria, Universidad de Puerto Rico}, title = {Historia de la esclavitud negra en {Puerto Rico}}, year = {1974} } @book{DawsonWinford2003, author = {Dawson, Hope and Dodsworth, Robin and Gooden, Shelome and Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, series = {{{OSU}} Working Papers in Linguistics}, volume = {57}, title = {Studies in Language Contact and Language Change}, year = {2003} } @article{winford2000plus, title={Plus {\c{c}}a change: {The} state of studies in {A}frican {A}merican {E}nglish}, author={Winford, Donald}, journal={American Speech}, keyword ={Winford}, volume={75}, number={4}, pages={409--411}, year={2000}, publisher={Duke University Press}, keywords = {Winford} } @mastersthesis{Bryant1983, address = {Columbus, OH}, author = {Bryant, Vinnie V.}, schhool = {The Ohio State University}, title = {{{Columbus}}, {{OH}} and the {Great Migration}}, year = {1983} } @book{Bas-García2009, address = {San Juan}, author = {Bas-García, José R.}, publisher = {{C}entro de Estudios Avanzados de {P}uerto {R}ico y El {C}aribe}, title = {{La} abolición de la esclavitud de 1873 en {P}uerto {R}ico}, year = {2009} } @unpublished{Bakker2022, author = {Bakker, Peter}, note = {Ms.}, title = {The crib of creoles. {{{E}}}vidence for pidgins evolving into creoles in the {F}rench {C}aribbean}, year = {2022} } @mastersthesis{Oriedo1982, address = {Columbus, OH}, author = {Oriedo, Evelyn}, school = {The Ohio State University, }, title = {{African} {A}merican business development: {{I}}ts impact on the economic status of the {A}frican {A}merican community in {C}olumbus, {{OH}}}, year = {1982} } @incollection{winford2020another, address = {London}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {The {Routledge} {C}ompanion to the {W}ork of {{John} R. {{R}}ickford}}, editor = {Blake, Renee and Buchstaller, Isabelle}, pages = {64--78}, publisher = {Routledge}, title = {Another Look at the Creolist Hypothesis of {{AAVE}} Origins}, year = {2020} } @incollection{winford2015origins, address = {Oxford, New York}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {The {{Oxford}} handbook of {{African}} {{American}} Language}, editor = {Lanehart, Sonja}, pages = {85--104}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {The origins of {{African} {American} Vernacular {English}}}, year = {2015} } @incollection{vanderAuweraKindt2005, address = {London}, author = {van der Auwera, Johan and Andreas Ammann and Saskia Kindt}, booktitle = {Modality: {{S}}tudies in form and function}, editor = {Alex Klinge and Henrik Høeg Müller}, pages = {247–-272}, publisher = {Equinox Publishing}, title = {Polyfunctionality and {Standard Average European}}, year = {2005} } @incollection{thomas1996sixthgrade, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Thomas, Erik R}, booktitle = {Focus on the {{USA}}: {V}arieties of {{E}}nglish around the World (General Series)}, editor = {Schneider, Edgar W.}, pages = {309--332}, publisher = { John Benjamins }, title = {A comparison of variation patterns of variables among sixth graders in an {Ohio} community}, volume = 16, year = {1996} } @incollection{luthin1987story, address = {Stanford, California}, author = {Luthin, Herbert W}, booktitle = {Variation in language: {{NWAV}-{XV}} at {S}tanford}, editor = {Denning,Keith and Inkelas,Sharon and McNair-Knox,Faye and Rickford,John R.}, pages = {312--24}, publisher = {Department of Linguistics, {Stanford} University}, title = {The story of {{{California}}} (ow): {T}he coming-of-age of {{English}} in {{{California}}}}, year = {1987} } @incollection{harding1984, address = {Heslington}, author = {Harding, Edith}, booktitle = {{Papers from the {Y}ork {Creole} Conference, {S}eptember 24-27, 1983:{Y}ork Papers in Linguistics 11}}, editor = {Sebba,Mark and Loreto Todd}, pages = {141--152}, publisher = {University of York}, title = {Foreigner talk: {{A}} conversational-analysis approach}, year = {1984} } @incollection{britt2015african, address = {Oxford}, author = {Britt, Erica and Weldon, Tracey L.}, booktitle = {The {O}xford Handbook of {A}frican {A}merican Language}, editor = {Lanehart, Sonja}, pages = {800--816}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {{African} {A}merican {{E}}nglish in the middle class}, year = {2015} } @incollection{bakker_etal2013, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Bakker, Peter and Aymeric Daval-Markussen and Mikael Parkvall and Ingo Plag}, booktitle = {{Creole} Languages and Linguistic Typology}, series = {{{B}}enjamins Current Topics}, number = {57}, editor = {Bhatt, Parth and Tonjes Veenstra}, pages = {9—-45}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {{Creoles} are typologically distinct from non-creoles}, year = {2013}, doi= {10.1075/bct.57.02bak} } @incollection{WinfordMigge2009, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Winford, Donald and Migge, Bettina}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Gradual Creolization: {{S}}tudies celebrating {Jacques Arends}}, series = {CLL}, number = {34}, editor = {Selbach, Rachel and Cardoso, Hugo C. and van den Berg, Margot}, pages = {129--153}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {The origin and development of possibility in the {{Surinamese}} creoles}, year = {2009} } @incollection{WinfordMigge2008, address = {Berlin}, author = {Winford, Donald and Migge, Bettina}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Varieties of {{English}} 2: {{T}}he {{Americas}} and the {{Caribbean}}}, editor = {Edgar W. Schneider}, pages = {693--731}, publisher = {Mouton De Gruyter}, title = {{{Surinamese}} {{Creoles}}: {{M}}orphology and syntax}, year = {2008} } @incollection{Winford2020_spanishes, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {{{Hispanic}} {C}ontact {L}inguistics}, editor = {Luis A. Ortiz López and Tamargo, Rosa Guzzardo and González Rivera, Melvin}, pages = {12--41}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {The New Spanishes in the context of contact linguistics: {{T}}oward a unified approach}, year = {2020} } @incollection{Winford2017_worldenglishes, address = {Oxford}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Handbook of World {{Englishes}}}, editor = {Markku Filppula, Juhani Klemola and Devyani Sharma}, pages = {194--210}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {World {{Englishes}} and {{Creoles}}}, year = {2017} } @incollection{Winford2017_observations, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Language Contact in {{Africa}} and the {{Africa}n} Diaspora in the {{Americas}} ({{CLL}} 53)}, editor = {Philipp Angermeyer, Cecelia Cutler and Zvjezdana Vric}, pages = {203--224}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {Some observations on the sources of {{AAVE}} structure: {{R}}e-examining the creole connection}, year = {2017} } @incollection{Winford2017_ecology, address = {Berlin}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Changing {English}: {{G}}lobal and Local Perspectives}, editor = {Markku Filppula, Juhani Klemola, Anna Mauranen and Svetlana Vetchinnikova}, pages = {25--56}, publisher = {De Gruyter Mouton}, title = {The Ecology of Language and the New {{Englishes}}: {{T}}oward an integrative framework}, year = {2017} } @incollection{Winford2015_creoleformation, address = {Wroclaw, Poland}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Languages in Contact 2014}, editor = {Chruszczewski, Piotr P. and Lanigan, Richard L. and Rickford, John}, pages = {295--322}, publisher = {Wydawnictwo wyzszej szkoły Filologicznej We Wrocławiu}, title = {{{Creole}} Formation and second language acquisition: {{A}} language processing perspective}, year = {2015} } @incollection{Winford2014, address = {Frankfurt}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {{Language contact around the globe: {{P}}roceedings of the {{LCTG}3} Conference}}, editor = {Koll-Stobbe, Amei and Knospe, Sebastian}, pages = {3--24}, publisher = {Peter Lang}, title = {Toward and integrated model of contact-induced change}, year = {2014} } @incollection{Winford2013_sranan, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, title = {Sranan}, editor = {Kortmann, Bernd and Kerstin Lunkenheimer}, booktitle = {The Electronic World Atlas of Variation in {E}nglish: {G}rammar}, address = {München/Berlin}, publisher = {Max Planck Digital Library in cooperation with Mouton de Gruyter}, url={https://ewave-atlas.org/languages}, year = {2013} } @incollection{Winford2013_unity, address = {Louvain}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {In and out of {A}frica: {{L}}anguages in question: {{A}} {Festschrift} for {R}obert {N}icolai, 1}, editor = {Carole de Fe’ral}, pages = {47--74}, publisher = {Peeters}, title = {On the unity of contact phenomena: {{T}}he case for imposition}, year = {2013} } @incollection{Winford2013_socialfactors, address = {Berlin}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Contact Languages: {{A}} comprehensive Guide}, editor = {Peter Bakker and Yaron Matras}, pages = {363--417}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, title = {Social factors in contact languages}, year = {2013} } @incollection{Winford2013_influence, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {{{English}} as a contact language}, editor = {Schreier, Daniel and Hundt, Marianne}, pages = {222--241}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {Substrate influence and universals in the emergence of contact {{Englishes}}: {{R}}e- evaluating the evidence}, year = {2013} } @InCollection{Winford2013_challenging, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Reassembling the fragments: {{V}}oice and Identity in {{Caribbean}} Discourse}, title = {Challenging the old: {{{{E}}}}xploring the new. {A} tribute to {I}an {R}obertson}, editor = {Morgan, Paula and Youssef, Valerie}, pages = {11--26}, publisher = {University of the West Indies Press}, address = {Kingston, Jamaica}, year = {2013} } @incollection{Winford2013_afterword, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {The Interplay of Variation and Change in Contact Settings}, editor = {Léglise, Isabelle and Chamoreau, Claudine}, pages = {253--259}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {Afterword}, year = {2013} } @book{Brereton_winer2021, author={Brereton, Bridget and Winer, Lise}, title={Two nineteenth-century plays from {Trinidad \& Tobago}: “{M}artial Law” and “Past and Present”}, publisher={University of the West Indies Press}, address={Mona, Jamaica}, year={2021} } @incollection{Winford2012_history, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {The {Oxford} Handbook of the History of {English}}, title = {{Pidgins} and creoles in the history of {English}}, editor = {Nevalainen, Terttu and Traugott, Elizabeth Closs}, pages = {592--601}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, year = {2012} } @book{Hannays1960, author={Macaw, {[Kitty Hannays]}}, title={Notebook}, publisher={Trinidad Publishing Company}, address={Port of Spain}, year={1960} } @incollection{Winford2012_creole, address = {Oxford}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {The {{Oxford}} Handbook of Tense and Aspect}, editor = {Binnick, Robert}, pages = {428--457}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {{{Creole}} Languages}, year = {2012} } @incollection{Winford2010_revisiting, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Variation in the {Caribbean}: {{F}}rom creole continua to individual agency}, editor = {Lars Hinrichs and Joseph Farquharson}, pages = {13--38}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {Revisiting Variation between \textit{sa} and \textit{o} in {Sranan}}, year = {2010} } @incollection{Winford2010_contact, address = {Chichester}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Handbook of Language Contact}, editor = {Raymond Hickey}, pages = {170--187}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, title = {Contact and borrowing}, year = {2010} } @incollection{Winford2009_unity, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Winford, Donald}, booktitle = {Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Code-switching}, editor = {de Bot, Kees and Isurin, Ludmila and Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, pages = {279--305}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {On the unity of contact phenomena: {{T}}he case of borrowing}, year = {2009} } @incollection{Winford2009_interplay, address = {London}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Vernacular universals and language contacts: {{{{{E}}}}}vidence from varieties of {{{E}}}nglish and beyond}, editor = {Filppula, Markku and Klemola, Juhani and Paulasto, Heli}, pages = {206--230}, publisher = {Routledge}, title = {The interplay of "universals" and contact-induced change in the emergence of New {{Englishes}}}, year = {2009} } @InCollection{Winford2008_english, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {A Companion to the History of the {{English}} language}, title = {{{English}} in the {{Caribbean}}}, editor = {Michael Matto and Haruko Momma}, pages = {413--423}, publisher = {Blackwell}, address = {Oxford}, year = {2008}, } @incollection{Winford2008_atlantic, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Handbook of {Pidgin} and {Creole} Languages}, editor = {Kouwenberg,Silvia and Singler, John}, pages = {17--47}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {{Atlantic} {Creole} Syntax}, year = {2008} } @incollection{Winford2006_revisiting, address = {Frankfurt}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Studies in Contact Lingusitics: {{{{E}}}}ssays in Honor of Glenn G. {{G}}ilbert}, editor = {Fuller, Janet and Thornburg, Lind}, pages = {231--252}, publisher = {Peter Lang}, title = {Revisiting relexification in creole formation}, year = {2006} } @incollection{Winford2006_restructuring, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Structure and Variation in Language Contact ({{CLL}} 29)}, editor = {Deumert, Ana and Durrleman, Stephanie}, pages = {85--110}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {The restructuring of tense/aspect systems in creole formation}, year = {2006} } @incollection{Winford2006_reduced, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {The Syntax of Non-sententials}, editor = {Progovac, Ljuljana and Paesani, Kate and Casielles-Suárez, Eugenia and Barton, Ellen}, pages = {283--307}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {Reduced syntax in prototypical {{Pidgins}}}, year = {2006} } @InCollection{Winford2006_belize, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Exploring the boundaries of {{Caribbean}} {{Creole}} Languages}, title = {Tense and Aspect in {{Belize}} {{Creole}}}, editor = {Simmons-McDonald, Hazel and Robertson, Ian}, pages = {21--49}, publisher = {University of the West Indies Press}, address = {Kingston, Jamaica}, year = {2006}, } @incollection{Winford2003_ideologies, address = {London}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Black Linguistics: {{L}}anguage, society, and politics in {{Africa}} and the {{Americas}}}, editor = {Makoni, Sinfree and Smitherman, Geneva and Ball, Arnetha and Spears, Arthur}, pages = {21--39}, publisher = {Routledge}, title = {Ideologies of language and socially-realistic linguistics}, year = {2003} } @incollection{Winford2002, address = {New York}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {{{Pidgin}} and {{Creole}} Linguistics in the twenty-first century}, editor = {Gilbert, Glenn}, pages = {287--354}, publisher = {Peter Lang}, title = {{{Creoles}} in the context of Contact Linguistics}, year = {2002} } @incollection{Winford2001comparison, address = {Kingston, Jamaica}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Due Respect: {P}apers on {{{E}}}nglish and {{{E}}}nglish-related {C}reoles in the {C}aribbean in honour of {P}rofessor {R}obert {{LeP}age}}, editor = {Pauline Christie}, pages = {155--83}, publisher = {UWI Press}, title = {A comparison of {tense/ aspect} systems in {C}aribbean {{E}}nglish {C}reoles}, year = {2001} } @incollection{Winford2001intermediate, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Degrees of restructuring in {{Creole}} Languages}, editor = {Neumann-Holzschuh, Ingrid and Schneider, Edgar}, pages = {215--245}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {Intermediate creoles and degrees of change in creole formation: {{T}}he case of {B}ajan}, year = {2001} } @incollection{Winford2000tenseaspect, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Language change and language contact in pidgins and {C}reoles}, editor = {John McWhorter}, pages = {383--442}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {Tense and aspect in {S}ranan and the {C}reole prototype}, year = {2000} } @incollection{Winford1997intro, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Winford, Donald}, booktitle = {The structure and status of pidgins and creoles}, editor = {Spears, Arthur and Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, pages = {1--33}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {Introduction}, year = {1997} } @incollection{Winford1996_syntactic, address = {Stanford}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Sociolinguistic Variation: {D}ata, theory and analysis: {{S}}elected Papers from {{NWAVE} {XXIII}}}, editor = {Arnold, Jennifer and Blake, Renée and Davidson, Brad and Schwenter, Scott and Solomon, Julie}, pages = {177--192}, publisher = {CSLI Publications}, title = {The problem of syntactic variation}, year = {1996} } @incollection{Winford1996_cec, address = {Kingston, Jamaica}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {{Caribbean} Language: {I}ssues old and new}, editor = {Pauline Christie}, pages = {12--26}, publisher = {University of the West Indies Press}, title = {Verbs, adjectives and categorical shift in {Caribbean} {English} {Creoles}}, year = {1996} } @InCollection{Winford1994model, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, title = {Towards a model of morphosyntactic variation in a creole continuum}, editor = {Katharine Beals and Jeannette Denton and Robert Knippen and Lynette Melnar and Hisami Suzuki and Erica Zeinfeld}, booktitle = {Papers from {CLS}: the parasession on variation and linguistic theory}, pages = {321--334}, publisher = {Chicago Linguistic Society}, address = {Chicago, IL}, year = {1994} } @incollection{Winford1994_anglophone, address = {Los Angeles}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Language and the social construction of reality in creole situations}, editor = {Marceylina Morgan}, pages = {43--62}, publisher = {Center for Afro-American Studies, UCLA}, title = {Sociolinguistic approaches to language use in the Anglophone {Caribbean}}, year = {1994} } @incollection{Winford1991_passive, address = {Detroit}, author = {Winford, Donald}, booktitle = {Verb Phrase Patterns in Black {{English}} and creole}, editor = {Edwards, Walter and Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, pages = {256--282}, publisher = {Wayne State University Press}, title = {The Passive in {{Caribbean}} {{Creole}} {{English}}}, year = {1991} } @incollection{Winford1991_directional, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {{{Atlantic}} meets {{Pacific}}: {{A}} global view of pidginization and creolization}, editor = {Francis Byrne and John Holm}, pages = {183--203}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {Directional serial verb construction in {{Caribbean}} {{English}} {{Creoles}}}, year = {1991} } @incollection{Winford1991_caribbean, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {{{English}} around the World: {{S}}ociolinguistic Perspectives}, editor = {Jenny Cheshire}, pages = {565--584}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {The {{Caribbean}}}, year = {1991} } @incollection{Winford1990_motion, address = {Columbus, OH}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {{OSU} Working Papers in Linguistics}, editor = {Zwicky, Arnold and Joseph, Brian}, pages = {109--148}, publisher = {OSU}, title = {Serial Verb construction and {Motion} verbs in {N}ew {W}orld creoles}, volume = {39}, year = {1990} } @InCollection{Winford1983_negation, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Studies in {Caribbean} language}, title = {A sociolinguistic analysis of negation in {T}rinidadian {English}}, editor = {Carrington, Laurence}, pages = {203--210}, publisher = {Society for Caribbean Linguistics, University of the West Indies}, address = {St. Augustine, Trinidad}, year = {1983}, } @incollection{Winford1980_situation, address = {Heidelberg}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Issues in {{English}} creole - {P}roceedings of the 1975 {H}awaii conference}, editor = {Richard R. Day}, pages = {51--76}, publisher = {Julius Groot Verlag}, title = {The {{Creole}} situation in the context of sociolinguistic studies}, year = {1980} } @incollection{Winford1978_system, address = {Kingston, Jamaica}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Language and Literature in the Commonwealth {Caribbean}}, editor = {Edward Baugh}, pages = {67--83}, publisher = {Carib 1}, title = {Grammatical Hypercorrection and the Notion of “System” in {Creole} languages}, year = {1978} } @incollection{Whinnom1971, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Whinnom, Keith}, booktitle = {Pidginization and Creolization of Languages}, editor = {Dell Hymes}, pages = {91--115}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {Linguistic hybridization and the ‘special case’ of pidgins and creoles}, year = {1971} } @incollection{Versteegh2018, address = {Amsterdam and Philadelphia}, author = {Versteegh, Kees}, booktitle = {{Arabic} in contact}, editor = {Banti, Giorgio and Manfredi, Stefano and Tosco, Mauro}, pages = {233--250}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {Temporal adverbs of contrast in the basic variety of {{Arabic}}}, year = {2018} } @incollection{Versteegh2014, address = {Amsterdam and Philadelphia}, author = {Versteegh, Kees}, booktitle = {{{Pidgins}} and creoles beyond {{Africa}}-{{Europe}} encounters}, editor = {Isabelle Buchstaller, Anders Holmberg and Mohammad Almoaily}, pages = {141--169}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {{{Pidgin}} verbs: {I}mperatives or infinitives?}, year = {2014} } @InCollection{Thibault2018, author = {Thibault, André}, booktitle = {Les cas du {P}ère {L}abat et de {P}ierre {D}essalles. {R}egards croisés sur les français d’ici}, title = {Témoignages métalinguistiques et histoire du français et du créole dans les {A}ntilles}, editor = {Laurence Arrighi and Karine Gauvin}, series = {Collection Les voies du français (PUL)}, pages = {149--171}, publisher = {Presses de l'Université Laval}, address = {Québec}, sortname = {Thibault, Andre}, year = {2018}, } @incollection{Spitz2002, address = {Canberra}, author = {Spitz, Walter}, booktitle = {The history and typology of western {{Austronesian}} voice systems}, editor = {Malcolm Ross and Fay Wouk}, pages = {379–-404}, publisher = {Pacific Linguistics}, title = {Voice and role in two {{Philippine}} languages}, year = {2002} } @incollection{SeligerVago1991, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Seliger, Herbert W. and Vago, Robert}, booktitle = {First language attrition}, editor = {Herbert W. Seliger and Robert M. Vago}, pages = {3--15}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {The study of first language attrition: {A}n overview}, year = {1991}, } @incollection{Schmitt2019, address = {Oxford}, author = {Schmitt, Elena}, booktitle = {The {O}xford {H}andbook of {L}anguage {A}ttrition}, editor = {Monika S. Schmid and Barbara Köpke}, pages = {228--240}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {Morphological {A}ttrition}, year = {2019} } @incollection{Rubino2008, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Rubino, Carl}, booktitle = {Roots of creole structures: {W}eighing the contribution of substrates and superstrates}, editor = {Susanne Michaelis}, pages = {279--300}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {{{Zamboangueño} Chavacano} and the potentive mode}, year = {2008} } @incollection{Rickford1998, address = {London and New York}, author = {Rickford, John R.}, booktitle = {{{African}-{American} {{E}}nglish}: {S}tructure, history, and use}, editor = {Mufwene, Salikoko S. and Rickford,John R. and Bailey,Guy and Baugh,John}, pages = {154--200}, publisher = {Routledge}, title = {The creole origins of {{African}-{American}} Vernacular {{English}}: {Evidence} from copula absence}, year = {1998} } @incollection{Patrick2004, address = {Berlin \& New York}, author = {Patrick, Peter L.}, booktitle = {A handbook of varieties of {{E}}nglish}, editor = {Bernd Kortmann}, pages = {407--438}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, title = {{Jamaican} {C}reole: {M}orphology and syntax}, volume = {2}, year = {2004} } @incollection{Parkvall1995, address = {London}, author = {Parkvall, Mikael}, booktitle = {From Contact to Creole and Beyond}, editor = {Baker, Philip.}, pages = {41--62}, publisher = {Battlebridge}, title = {The role of {St. Kitts} in a new scenario of {{French}} {{Creole}} genesis}, year = {1995} } @incollection{Mufwene1997, address = {Tuscaloosa and London}, author = {Mufwene, Salikoko S.}, booktitle = {Language variety in the {South} revisited}, editor = {Bernstein, Cynthia and Thomas Nunnally and Robin Sabino}, pages = {113--123}, publisher = {University of Alabama Press}, title = {{{Gullah}}'s development: {{M}}yths and sociohistorical evidence}, year = {1997} } @incollection{Mintz1971, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Mintz, Sidney}, booktitle = {Pidginization and creolization of languages}, editor = {Hymes, Dell}, pages = {481–-498}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {The {S}ociohistorical {B}ackground to {P}idginization and {C}reolization}, year = {1971} } @incollection{Meisel1977, address = {Geneva}, author = {Meisel, Jürgen M.}, booktitle = {The Notions of Simplification Interlanguages and pidgins in their Relation to Second Language Pedagogy}, editor = {S. P. Corder and E. Roulet}, pages = {88--113}, publisher = {Droz}, sortname = {Meisel, Jurgen M.}, title = {Linguistic simplification: {A} study of immigrant workers’ speech and foreigner talk}, year = {1977} } @incollection{MaurerConsortium2013, address = {Leipzig}, author = {Maurer, Philippe and {the APiCS Consortium}}, booktitle = {Atlas of pidgin and creole language structures}, editor = {Michaelis, Susanne Maria and Maurer, Philippe and Haspelmath, Martin and Huber, Magnus}, publisher = {Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology}, title = {Ability verb and epistemic possibility}, url = {https://apics-online.info/parameters/55#2/16.5/10.0}, urldate = {2019-02-20}, year = {2013} } @incollection{Winford_plag2013_dataset, address = {Leipzig}, author = {Winford, Donald and Plag, Ingo}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Atlas of Pidgin and Creole Language Structures Online}, editor = {Susanne Maria Michaelis and Philippe Maurer and Martin Haspelmath and Magnus Huber}, publisher = {Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology}, title = {Sranan structure dataset}, url = {https://apics-online.info/contributions/2}, year = {2013} } @incollection{Winford_plag2013, address = {Oxford}, author = {Winford, Donald and Plag, Ingo}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {The survey of pidgin and creole languages. {V}olume 1: {E}nglish-based and {D}utch-based Languages}, editor = {Michaelis, Susanne Maria and Maurer, Philippe and Haspelmath, Martin and Huber, Magnus}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {Sranan}, pages ={15--26}, year = {2013} } @InCollection{MatthewsonDavis2005, author = {Matthewson, Lisa and Rullmann, Hotze and Henry Davis}, booktitle = {Papers for the 40th international conference on {{Salish}} and neighbouring languages}, title = {Modality in {S}t’át’imcets}, editor = {Brown, J. C. and Kiyota, M. and Peterson, T.}, pages = {166--183}, publisher = {University of British Columbia Working Papers in Linguistics}, address = {Vancouver}, year = {2005}, } @incollection{Mann-Hamilton2013, address = {New York}, author = {Mann-Hamilton, Ryan}, booktitle = {Migrant marginality: {{A}} transnational perspective}, editor = {Kretsedemas, Philip and Capetillo-Ponce, Jorge and Jacobs, Glenn}, pages = {222--238}, publisher = {Routledge}, title = {What rises from the ashes: {{N}}ation and race in the {{African}} {{American}} enclave of {{Samaná}}}, year = {2013} } @incollection{LipskiSantoro2007, address = {London}, author = {Lipski, John M. and Maurizio Santoro}, booktitle = {Comparative creole syntax}, editor = {John Holm and Peter L. Patrick}, pages = {373--398}, publisher = {Battlebridge Press}, title = {{{Zamboangueño}} {{Creole}} {{Spanish}}}, year = {2007} } @incollection{LabovHarris1986, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Labov, William and Wendell A. Harris}, booktitle = {Diversity and Diachrony}, editor = {Sankoff, David}, pages = {1--24}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {De facto segregation of {B}lack and {W}hite vernaculars}, year = {1986} } @incollection{Labov1998, address = {London}, author = {Labov, William}, booktitle = {{{African}}-{{American}} {{English}}: {{S}}tructure, history and use}, editor = {Mufwene, Salikoko S. and Rickford, John R. and Bailey, Guy and Baugh, John}, pages = {110–-53}, publisher = {Routledge}, title = {Co-Existent systems in {{African}}-{{American}} {V}ernacular {{English}}}, year = {1998} } @incollection{KöpkeSchmid2004, address = {Amsterdam/Philadelphia}, author = {Köpke, Barbara and Schmid, Monika}, booktitle = {First language attrition: {I}nterdisciplinary perspectives on methodological issues}, editor = {Monika Schmid, Barbara Kšpke, Merel Keijzer and Lina Weilemar}, pages = {1--43}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, sortname = {Kopke, Barbara and Schmid, Monika}, title = {First language attrition: {T}he next phase}, year = {2004} } @incollection{Kratzer1991, address = {Berlin}, author = {Kratzer, Angelika}, booktitle = {Semantics: {{A}}n international handbook of contemporary research}, editor = {Dieter Wunderlich and Arnim von Stechow}, pages = {639–-650}, publisher = {de Gruyter}, title = {Modality}, year = {1991} } @incollection{Jennings1998, address = {Canberra}, author = {Jennings, William}, booktitle = {{{SICOL} 2nd International Conference on {O}ceanic Linguistics : {L}anguage Contact}}, editor = {Jan Tent and France Mugler}, pages = {59--68}, publisher = {Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, title = {{Saint-Christophe}: {T}he origin of {{French} Antillean {Creoles}}}, volume = 1, year = {1998} } @incollection{Jansen2012, address = {Frankfurt a.M}, author = {Jansen, Silke}, booktitle = {Americana Romana in colloquio {B}erolinensi: {B}eiträge zur transversalen Sektion {II} des {XXXII}. {R}omanistentages (25.-28.09.2011)}, editor = {Felbeck, Christine and Hammerschmidt, Claudia and Klump, Andre and Kramer, Johannes}, pages = {77--112}, publisher = {Peter Lang}, title = {Les éléments amérindiens dans le “langage des Îles" d’après le Dictionnaire {C}araïbe-{F}rançois (1665) de {R}aymond {B}reton}, year = {2012} } @incollection{HulsMond1992, address = {Amsterdam/Philadelphia}, author = {Huls, Erica and van de Mond, Anneke}, booktitle = {Maintenance and loss of minority languages}, editor = {Fase, Willem and Jaspert, Koen and Kroon, Sjaak}, pages = {99--115}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {Some aspects of language attrition in {T}urkish families}, year = {1992} } @incollection{Hinnenkamp1984, address = {Heslington}, author = {Hinnenkamp, Volker}, booktitle = {{Papers from the {York} {Creole} Conference, {September} 24-27, 1983: {{Y}}ork Papers in Linguistics 11}}, editor = {Sebba,Mark and Loreto Todd}, pages = {153--166}, publisher = {University of York}, title = {Eye-witnessing Pidginization? {{S}}tructural and sociolinguistic aspects of {G}erman and {T}urkish foreigner talk}, year = {1984} } @incollection{Himmelmann2006, address = {Berlin}, author = {Himmelmann, Nikolaus P.}, booktitle = {Catching language: {{T}}he standing challenge of grammar writing}, editor = {Felix K. Ameka, Alan Dench and Nicholas Evans}, pages = {487–-526}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, title = {How to miss a paradigm or two: {{M}}ultifunctional \textit{ma-} in {{Tagalog}}}, year = {2006} } @incollection{Hansen1999, address = {Oxford}, author = {Hansen, Lynne}, booktitle = {Second language attrition in {J}apanese contexts}, editor = {Lynne Hansen}, pages = {142--153}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {Not a total loss: {T}he attrition of {J}apanese negation over three decades}, year = {1999} } @incollection{Guy2017, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Guy, Gregory}, booktitle = {Language Contact in {A}frica and the {A}frican Diaspora in the {A}mericas}, editor = {Cutler, C. and Vrzic, Z. and Angermeyer, P.}, pages = {49–-78}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {The {African} Diaspora in {Latin} {America}}, year = {2017}, doi = {10.1075/cll.53.03guy} } @incollection{Guy2004, address = {New York City, NY}, author = {Guy, Gregory}, booktitle = {{Enslaving connections: {{C}}hanging cultures of {Africa} and {Brazil} during the era of slavery}}, editor = {José C. Curto and Paul E. Lovejoy}, pages = {125–-137}, publisher = {Humanity Books}, title = {Muitas linguas}, year = {2004} } @incollection{Frake1980, address = {Stanford}, author = {Frake, Charles O.}, booktitle = {Language and cultural description: {{{{E}}}}ssays by {{Charles}} {O.} {{F}}rake}, editor = {Anwar S. Dil}, pages = {277–310}, publisher = {Stanford University Press}, title = {{{Zamboangueño}} verb expressions}, year = {1980} } @incollection{Fernández2019, address = {Valencia}, author = {Fernández, Mauro}, booktitle = {Estudios lingüísticos en homenaje a Emilio Ridruejo}, editor = {Briz, Antonio and Martínez Alcalde, M.a José and Mendizábal, Nieves and Fuertes Gutiérrez, Mara and Luis Blas,José and Porcar, Margarita}, pages = {439–-451}, publisher = {Universitat de València}, sortname = {Fernandez, Mauro}, title = {El escenario lingüístico de zamboanga (filipinas) a mediados del siglo {{XVIII}}}, year = {2019} } @incollection{Fernández2012elchab, address = {Santiago de Compostela}, author = {Fernández, Mauro}, booktitle = {Cum corde et in nova grammatica: {{{{E}}}}studios ofrecidos a {G}uillermo {R}ojo}, editor = {Tomás Eduardo Jiménez Juliá, Belén López Meirama, Victoria Vázquez Rozas and Alexandre Veiga}, pages = {295–-313}, publisher = {Servicio de Publicaciones e Intercambio Científico}, sortname = {Fernandez, Mauro}, title = {{{{E}}}l {C}habacano de {C}otabato: {{{{{E}}}}}l documento que {S}chuchardt no pudo utilizar}, year = {2012} } @incollection{Ferguson1971, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Ferguson, Charles A.}, booktitle = {Pidginization and Creolization of Languages}, editor = {Dell Hymes}, pages = {141–150}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {Absence of Copula and the Notion of Simplicity: {A} Study of Normal Speech, Baby Talk, Foreigner Talk and {{Pidgins}}}, year = {1971} } @incollection{Durianschumacher2010, address = {Durham, NC}, author = {Durian,David and Dodsworth,Robin and Schumacher,Jennifer}, booktitle = {Vowel phonology and ethnicity}, series = {Publication of the American Dialect Society}, number = {93}, editor = {Thomas, Erik R. and Yeager-Dror, Malcah}, pages = {161--190}, publisher = {Duke University Press}, title = {Convergence in urban working class {{Columbus}, {OH} {AAVE}} and {{EAE}} vowel systems}, year = {2010} } @incollection{DevonishWalters2015, address = {New York/London}, author = {Devonish, Hubert and Walters, Kadian}, booktitle = {Globalising {S}ociolinguistics. {C}hallenging and {{E}}xpanding {T}heory}, editor = {Dick Smakman and Patrick Heinrich}, pages = {223--232}, publisher = {Routledge}, title = {The {J}amaican {L}anguage {S}ituation: {A} {P}rocess, not a {T}ype}, year = {2015} } @incollection{DevonishHarry2008, address = {Berlin/New York}, author = {Devonish, Hubert and Harry, Otelemate G.}, booktitle = {Varieties of {{E}}nglish 2. {T}he {A}mericas and the {C}aribbean}, editor = {Edgar W. Schneider}, pages = {256--289}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, title = {{Jamaican} {C}reole and {J}amaican {{E}}nglish: {P}honology}, year = {2008} } @incollection{DeCamp1971toward, address = {Cambridge}, author = {DeCamp, David}, booktitle = {Pidginization and creolization of languages}, editor = {Dell Hymes}, pages = {349--370}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {Toward a generative analysis of a post-{C}reole speech continuum}, year = {1971} } @incollection{DavisRullmann2009, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Davis, Henry, Lisa Matthewson and Hotze Rullmann}, booktitle = {Cross-linguistic semantics of tense, aspect and modality}, editor = {Hogeweg,Lotte and de Hoop,Helen and Malchukov, A. L.}, pages = {205–-244}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {‘{O}ut of control’ marking as circumstantial modality in St’át’imcets}, year = {2009} } @incollection{Craig1971, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Craig, Dennis}, booktitle = {Pidginization and {C}reolization of {L}anguages}, editor = {Dell Hymes}, pages = {371--91}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {{E}ducation and {C}reole {{E}}nglish in the {W}est {I}ndies}, year = {1971} } @incollection{Cook2002, address = {Clevedon}, author = {Cook, Vivian}, booktitle = {Portraits of the {L}2 user}, editor = {Vivian Cook}, pages = {1--28}, publisher = {Multilingual Matters}, title = {Background to the {L2} user}, year = {2002} } @incollection{ClementsandLuis2014, address = {Boston and Berlin}, author = {Clements, J. Clancy and Luís, Ana R.}, booktitle = {Borrowed morphology}, editor = {Francesco Gardani and Peter Arkadiev and Nino Amiridze}, pages = {217--237}, publisher = {De Gruyter Mouton}, sortname = {Clements, J. Clancy and Luis, Ana R.}, title = {Contact intensity and the borrowing of bound morphology in {Korlai {Indo-Portuguese}}}, year = {2014} } @incollection{Clements2014, address = {Amsterdam \& Philadelphia}, author = {Clements, J. Clancy}, booktitle = {{{Portuguese}}-{{Spanish}} interfaces: {D}iachrony, synchrony, and contact}, editor = {Patrícia Amaral and Caravalho, Ana Maria}, pages = {377--401}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {Form selection in contact languages: {{E}}vidence from some {{Portuguese}}- and {{Spanish}}-lexified contact varieties}, year = {2014} } @incollection{Clements2007, address = {London}, author = {Clements, J. Clancy}, booktitle = {Comparative creole syntax: {P}arallel outlines of 18 creole grammars. {{W}}estminster Creolistics Series 7}, editor = {Holm, John and Peter L. Patrick}, pages = {153--173}, publisher = {Battlebridge}, title = {{{Korlai Creole Portuguese}} or {Nɔ Liŋ}}, year = {2007} } @incollection{Chambers2004, address = {Berlin}, author = {Chambers, J. K.}, booktitle = {Dialectology meets typology: {{D}}ialect grammar from a cross-linguistic perspective}, editor = {Kortmann, Bernd}, pages = {127–145}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, title = {Dynamic typology and vernacular universals}, year = {2004} } @incollection{Cassidy1986, address = {Tuscaloosa}, author = {Cassidy, Frederic G.}, booktitle = {Language Variety in the {{South}}}, editor = {Montgomery, Michael B. and Bailey, Guy}, pages = {30–37}, publisher = {University of Alabama Press}, title = {Some similarities between {{Gullah}} and {{Caribbean}} {{Creoles}}}, year = {1986} } @incollection{Bakker2003, address = {Dordrecht}, author = {Bakker, Peter}, booktitle = {Yearbook of morphology}, editor = {Geert Booij and Jaap van Marle}, pages = {3--33}, publisher = {Kluwer}, title = {{{Pidgin}} inflectional morphology and its implications for creole morphology}, year = {2003} } @incollection{Bakker1994, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Bakker, Peter}, booktitle = {{P}idgins and creoles: {A}n Introduction}, editor = {Jacques Arends and Pieter Muysken and Norval Smith}, pages = {25--39}, publisher = {Benjamins}, title = {{P}idgins}, year = {1994} } @InCollection{Avram2018, author = {Avram, Andrei A.}, booktitle = {{Arabic} in contact}, title = {On the relationship between {{{Arabic}}} Foreigner Talk and {{Pidgin}} {{{Arabic}}}}, editor = {Manfredi,Stefano and Tosco, Mauro}, pages = {251--274}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, address = {Amsterdam \& Philadelphia}, year = {2018}, } @incollection{Andersen1996, address = {San Diego, CA}, author = {Andersen, Roger W. and Yasuhiro Shirai}, booktitle = {Handbook of second language acquisition}, editor = {{William C. Ritchie and Tej K. Bhatia}}, pages = {527--570}, publisher = {Academic Press}, title = {The primacy of aspect in first and second-language acquisition: {T}he pidgin-creole connection}, year = {1996} } @inbook{winford2017, address = {Amsterdam/ Philadelphia}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, booktitle = {Language contact in {A}frica and the {A}frican diaspora in the {A}mericas: {I}n honor of {John} V. {{S}}ingler}, editor = {Cutler, Cecilia and Vrzić, Zvjezdana and Angermeyer, Philipp}, pages = {203--224}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {Some observations on the sources of {AAVE} structure: {{R}}e-examining the creole connection}, year = {2017} } @inbook{winerbuzelin2008, address = {Oxford}, author = {Winer, Lise and Buzelin, Hélène}, booktitle = {Handbook of pidgin and creole linguistics}, editor = {John V. Singler and Silvia Kouwenberg}, pages = {637--665}, publisher = {Blackwell}, title = {Literary representations of creole languages: {C}ross-linguistic perspectives from the {C}aribbean}, year = {2008} } @inbook{slobin1977, address = {New York}, author = {Slobin, Dan}, booktitle = {Language learning and thought}, editor = {John Macnamara}, pages = {185--214}, publisher = {Academic Press}, title = {Language change in childhood and in history}, year = {1977} } @inbook{schneider2015documenting, address = {Oxford and New York}, author = {Schneider, Edgar W}, booktitle = {The {{Oxford}} handbook of {{African}} {{American}} Language}, editor = {Lanehart, Sonja}, pages = {125--139}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {Documenting the history of {African} {American} Vernacular {English}}, year = {2015} } @inbook{schneider2013investigating, address = {Oxford, UK}, author = {Schneider, Edgar W}, booktitle = {The handbook of language variation and change}, edition = {2}, editors = {Chambers, Jack K. and Schilling, Natalie}, pages = {57--81}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, title = {Investigating historical variation and change in written documents: {N}ew perspectives}, year = {2013} } @inbook{rickford2015creoleorigins, address = {Oxford, New York}, author = {Rickford, John R}, booktitle = {The {{Oxford}} handbook of {{African}} {{American}} Language}, editor = {Lanehart, Sonja}, pages = {35--57}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {The creole origins hypothesis}, year = {2015} } @inbook{rickford1985symbol, address = {Oxford}, author = {Rickford, John and Traugott, Elizabeth Closs}, booktitle = {The {{E}}nglish {L}anguage {T}oday}, editor = {Greenbaum, Sidney}, pages = {252--261}, publisher = {Pergamon}, title = {Symbol of powerlessness and degeneracy, or symbol of solidarity and truth? {P}aradoxical attitudes toward {P}idgins and {C}reoles}, year = {1985} } @inbook{reisman1970cultural, address = {New York}, author = {Reisman, Karl}, booktitle = {{Afro-American} {A}nthropology}, editor = {Witten, N. E. and Szwed, J. F.}, pages = {290--144}, publisher = {The Free Press}, title = {Cultural and linguistic ambiguity in a {W}est {I}ndian village}, year = {1970} } @book{Rickford1987, author={Rickford, John}, title={Dimensions of a Creole Continuum}, publisher={Stanford University Press}, address={Stanford}, year={1987} } @incollection{mühleisenmeta, author = {Mühleisen, Susanne}, booktitle = {Text {T}ype and {G}enre in {W}orld {{E}}nglishes: {C}ase Studies from the {Caribbean}}, editor = {Mühleisen, Susanne}, pubstate = {forthcoming}, title = {Metathesiophobia, nutty professors and {P}atois: {L}anguage debates in {L}etters to the {{E}}ditor ({{LT{E}}}) in a {J}amaican newspaper} } @inbook{muysken1981, address = {Dordrecht}, author = {Muysken, Pieter}, booktitle = {Generative studies on {C}reole languages}, editor = {Pieter Muysken}, pages = {181--99}, publisher = {Foris}, title = {{Creole} {{TMA}} systems: {T}he unmarked case?}, year = {1981} } @inbook{moll2017diasporic, address = {Leiden}, author = {Moll, Andrea}, booktitle = {Contested {C}ommunities. {C}ommunication, {N}arration, {I}magination}, editor = {Mühleisen, Susanne}, pages = {69--93}, publisher = {Brill}, title = {Diasporic {Cyber-{Jamaican}}. {S}tylized dialect of an imagined community}, year = {2017} } @inbook{migge_mühleisen2010, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Migge, Bettina M. and Mühleisen, Susanne}, booktitle = {Varieties in writing: {T}he written word as linguistic evidence}, editor = {Hickey,Raymond}, pages = {223--244}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {Earlier {Caribbean} {English} and {Creole} in writing}, year = {2010} } @inbook{mcphee2003, address = {Amsterdam/Philadelphia}, author = {McPhee, Helen}, booktitle = {Contact {{E}}nglishes of the eastern {C}aribbean}, editor = {Michael Aceto and Jeffrey Williams}, pages = {29--49}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {The grammatical features of {{TMA}} auxiliaries in {B}ahamian {C}reole}, year = {2003} } @inbook{labovharris1986defacto, address = {Philadelphia}, author = {Labov, William and Harris,Wendell A.}, booktitle = {Diversity and Diachrony}, editor = {Sankoff, David}, pages = {1--24}, publisher = {John Benjamins.}, title = {De facto segregation of black and white vernaculars}, year = {1986} } @inbook{labov1991three, address = {New York}, author = {Labov, William}, booktitle = {New ways of analyzing sound change}, editor = {Eckert,Penelope}, pages = {1--44}, publisher = {Academic Press}, title = {The three dialects of {{English}}}, year = {1991} } @inbook{kester2012language, address = {Curaçao}, author = {Kester, Ellen-Petra and Fun, Jennifer}, booktitle = {Multiplex {C}ultures and {C}itizenships}, editor = {Nicholas Faraclas, Ronald Severing, Christa Weijer and Elisabeth Echteld}, pages = {231--248}, publisher = {{University of Curaçao/ Fundashon pa Planifikashon di Idoma}}, title = {Language {{U}}se, language attitudes and identity among {A}ruban students in the {N}etherlands}, year = {2012} } @inbook{andersen1990papiamentu, address = {Amsterdam/Philadelphia}, author = {Andersen, Roger W}, booktitle = {{Pidgin} and {C}reole tense-mood-aspect systems}, editor = {John Victor Singler}, pages = {59--96}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {{Papiamentu} tense-aspect, with special attention to discourse}, year = {1990} } @inbook{ajzen1989attitude, author = {Ajzen, Icek}, booktitle = {Attitude structure and Function}, editor = {Pratkanis, A. R. and Breckler, S. J. and Greenwald A. G}, pages = {241--274}, publisher = {Lawrence Erlbaum}, title = {Attitude structure and behavior}, year = {1989} } @inbook{VanHerk2015, address = {Oxford}, author = {Van Herk, Gerard}, booktitle = {The {Oxford} Handbook of {African} {American} Language}, editor = {Lanehart, Sonja}, page = {23--34}, title = {The {{English}} Origins Hypothesis}, year = {2015} } @inbook{SzmrecsanyiKortmann2009, address = {London/New York}, author = {Szmrecsanyi, Benedikt and Kortmann, Bernd}, booktitle = {Vernacular universals and language contacts: {{{E}}}vidence from varieties of {{{E}}}nglish and beyond}, editor = {Filppula, Markku and Klemola, Juhani and Paulasto, Heli}, pages = {33--53}, publisher = {Routledge}, title = {Vernacular universals and angloversals in a typological perspective}, year = {2009} } @inbook{Singler2015, address = {New York}, author = {Singler, John Victor}, booktitle = {The {{Oxford}} handbook of {{African}} {{American}} {Language}}, editor = {Lanehart, Sonja}, pages = {105--124}, publisher = {Oxford}, title = {{{African} {American} {English}} over yonder. {T}he language of the {Liberian Settler} community}, year = {2015} } @incollection{Sessarego_inpress, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Sessarego, Sandro}, booktitle = {Uniformitarianism in {G}enetic {C}reolistics}, editor = {Mufwene, Salikoko S. and Aboh, Enoch}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {Another {P}iece of the {P}uzzle: {Afro-Veracruz} {S}panish and the {S}panish {C}reole {D}ebate}, pubstate = {inpress} } @inbook{Schwegler1998, author = {Schwegler, Armin}, booktitle = {América negra: {P}anoramic actual de los estudios lingüísticos sobre variedades hispanas, portuguesas y criollas}, title = {El {P}alenquero}, editor = {Perl, Matthias and Schwegler, Armin}, pages = {218--291}, publisher = {Vervuert}, address = {Frankfurt}, year = {1998}, } @inbook{Romerosessarego2018, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Romero, Rey and Sessarego, Sandro}, booktitle = {Language {V}ariation and {C}ontact-{I}nduced {C}hange}, editor = {King, Jeremy and Sandro Sessarego}, pages = {83--110}, publisher = {Benjamins}, title = {Hard Come, {{E}}asy Go}, year = {2018} } @inbook{Patrick2007, address = {London}, author = {Patrick, Peter}, booktitle = {Comparative {Creole} syntax,}, editor = {John Holm and Peter L. Patrick}, pages = {127--152}, publisher = {Battlebridge Publications}, title = {{Jamaican} {C}reole ({P}atwa {{E}}nglish)}, year = {2007} } @book{patrick1999urban, title={Urban {J}amaican creole: {V}ariation in the mesolect}, author={Patrick, Peter L.}, year={1999}, publisher={ John Benjamins }, address={Amsterdam} } @inbook{Parkvall2020, address = {Oxford}, author = {Parkvall, Mikael}, booktitle = {The {Oxford} Handbook of Language Contact}, editor = {Grant, Anthony}, pages = {261--281}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {{Pidgins}}, year = {2020} } @inbook{Mufwene2020, address = {Houndsmill UK/New York}, author = {Mufwene, Salikoko S.}, booktitle = {The {Routledge} handbook of language contact}, editor = {Evangelia Adamou and Yaron Matras}, pages={300--324}, publisher = {Palgrave}, title = {{{Creoles}} and pidgins - why the latter are not the ancestors of the former}, year = {2020} } @inbook{Maurer1998, address = {Frankfurt and Madrid}, author = {Maurer, Philippe}, booktitle = {América negra: {P}anorámica actual de los estudios lingüísticos sobre variedades hispanas, portuguesas y criollas}, editor = {Perl, Matthias and Schwegler, Armin}, pages = {139--217}, publisher = {Vervuert}, title = {El papiamentu de Curazao}, year = {1998} } @inbook{Jennings1995, address = {London}, author = {Jennings, William}, booktitle = {From Contact to {Creole} and Beyond}, editor = {Baker, Philip}, pages = {63--80}, publisher = {Battlebridge}, title = {{Saint-Christophe}: {S}ite of the first {French} {Creole}}, year = {1995} } @inbook{HoweWalker2000, address = {Malden, MA, and Oxford}, author = {Howe, Darin M. and James A. Walker}, booktitle = {The {{English}} history of {African} {American} {{English}}}, editor = {Poplack, Shana}, pages = {109–-140}, publisher = {Blackwell}, title = {Negation and the {{Creole}}-Origins Hypothesis: {{{{{E}}}}}vidence from the early {{African}} {{American}} {{{E}}}nglish}, year = {2000} } @inbook{FergusonDeBose1977, address = {Bloomington,IN}, author = {Ferguson, Charles A. and Charles E. DeBose}, booktitle = {{Pidgin} and {Creole} Linguistics}, editor = {Albert Valdman}, pages = {99--128}, publisher = {Indiana University Press}, title = {Simplified registers, broken language, and pidginization}, year = {1977} } @incollection{Fedorova2006, address = {Wiesbaden}, author = {Fedorova, Kapitolina}, booktitle = {Marginal Linguistic Identities. {S}tudies in {S}lavic Contact and Borderland Varieties}, editor = {Stern,Dieter and Christian Voss}, pages = {177--189}, publisher = {Harrassowitz Verlag}, title = {{Russian} Foreigner Talk: {S}tereotype and Reality}, year = {2006} } @inbook{ChungTimberlake1985, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Chung, Sandra and Timberlake, Alan}, booktitle = {Language {T}ypology and {S}yntactic {D}escription. {V}ol. 3: {G}rammatical {C}ategories and the lexicon}, editor = {Timothy Shopen}, pages = {202--58}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {Tense, mood and aspect}, year = {1985} } @inbook{Bakerwiner1999, address = {London}, author = {Baker, Philip and Winer, Lise}, booktitle = {St. {K}itts and the {A}tlantic creoles: {{T}}he texts of {{Samuel} Augustus Mathews} in perspective}, publisher = {University of Westminster}, series = {University of Westminster Studies in Creole Languages}, title = {Separating the wheat from the chaff: {H}ow far can we rely on old Pidgin and Creole texts}, volume = {4}, year = {1999} } @Book{wolfram1969, author = {Wolfram, Walter A.}, title = {A sociolinguistic study of {Detroit} Negro Speech}, publisher = {Center for Applied Linguistics}, address = {Arlington, VA}, year = {1969}, } @book{wohlgemuth2009typology, address = {Berlin}, author = {Wohlgemuth, Jan}, publisher = {Walter de Gruyter}, title = {A typology of verbal borrowings}, volume = {211}, year = {2009} } @book{winford2003book, address = {London}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, title = {An introduction to contact linguistics}, year = {2003} } @book{winford1993predication, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, publisher = { John Benjamins }, title = {Predication in {Caribbean} {English} {Creoles}}, year = {1993} } @book{winer2009, address = {Montreal}, author = {Winer, Lise}, publisher = {McGill-Queens Press}, title = {Dictionary of the {{E}}nglish/{C}reole of {T}rinidad \& {T}obago}, year = {2009} } @book{winer2003, address = {Kingston, Jamaica}, booktitle = {Adolphus, a tale (Anonymous) \& {T}he slave son {(Mrs. {{W}}illiam {Noy} Wilkins)}}, editor = {Winer, Lise}, note = {orig. 1853, 1854}, number = {2}, publisher = {University of the West Indies Press}, series = {Caribbean Heritage}, title = {Adolphus, a tale (Anonymous) \& {T}he slave son {(Mrs. {{W}}illiam {Noy} Wilkins)}}, year = {2003} } @book{winer1993, address = {Amsterdam/Philadelphia}, author = {Winer, Lise}, number = {6}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, series = {Varieties of English around the World}, title = {{{Trinidad} and {Tobago}}}, year = {1993} } @book{wells1982accents, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Wells, John Christopher}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {Accents of {{English}}: {V}olume 1: {An} Introduction}, year = {1982} } % not sure what is this reference @book{thomas_yaegerdror2010, address = {Durham, NC}, booktitle = {Vowel phonology and ethnicity. {{P}}ublication of the {{American} Dialect Society} 93}, editor = {Thomas, Erik R. and Yeager-Dror, Malcah}, publisher = {Duke University Press}, title = {Vowel phonology and ethnicity. {{P}}ublication of the {{American} Dialect Society} 93}, year = {2010} } @book{spearswinford1997, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Spears, Arthur K and Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, publisher = {John Benjamins }, title = {The Structure and Status of {Pidgins} and {Creoles}}, volume = {19}, year = {1997} } @book{prophetNewman2008, address = {New York and London}, author = {Newman, Richard S.}, publisher = {NYU Press}, title = {Freedom’s prophet: {B}ishop {R}ichard {A}llen, the {{AME}} Church, and the black founding fathers}, year = {2008} } @book{mühleisen2002creole, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Mühleisen, Susanne}, publisher = {Benjamins}, sortname = {Muhleisen, Susanne}, title = {{Creole} {D}iscourse. {{{E}}}xploring {P}restige {F}ormation and {C}hange across {C}aribbean {{{E}}}nglish-lexicon {C}reoles}, year = {2002} } @book{morales1978, address = {San Juan}, author = {Morales Carrión, Arturo}, publisher = {Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña}, sortname = {Morales Carrion, Arturo}, title = {Auge y decadencia de la trata negrera en {P}uerto {R}ico (1820-1860)}, year = {1978} } @book{milroy_milroy1991, address = {London}, author = {Milroy, James and Milroy, Leslie}, edition = {2}, publisher = {Routledge}, title = {Authority in {L}anguage. {I}nvestigating {L}anguage {P}rescription and {S}tandardisation}, year = {1991} } @book{lipski1994latin, address = {New York}, author = {Lipski, John M.}, publisher = {Longman Group Limited}, title = {{Latin} {American} {Spanish}}, year = {1994} } @book{lentz2003columbus, address = {Charleston, SC}, author = {Lentz, Ed}, publisher = {Arcadia Publishing}, title = {{Columbus}: {T}he story of a city}, year = {2003} } @book{lemann1991promised, address = {New York}, author = {Lemann, Nicholas}, publisher = {Vintage Press}, title = {The promised land: {T}he great black migration and how it changed {{America}}}, year = {1991} } @book{lalla_dacosta1990, address = {Tuscaloosa}, author = {Lalla, Barbara and D’Costa, Jean}, publisher = {University Alabama Press}, sortname = {Lalla, Barbara and D'Costa, Jean}, title = {Language in exile: {T}hree hundred years of {{Jamaican} {Creole}}}, year = {1990} } @book{labov2006atlas, address = {Berlin}, author = {Labov, William and Ash, Sharon and Boberg, Charles}, publisher = {Walter de Gruyter}, title = {The {A}tlas of {{North} {American} {English}}: {{P}}honetics, Phonology, and Sound Change: {{A}} Multimedia Reference Tool}, volume = {1}, year = {2006} } @book{labov1972quantitative, address = {Philadelphia}, author = {Labov, William and Yaeger, Malcah and Steiner, Richard}, publisher = {US Regional Survey}, title = {A quantitative study of sound change in progress}, volume = {1}, year = {1972} } @book{kurath1961pronunciation, volume = {3}, address = {Ann Arbor}, author = {Kurath, Hans and McDavid, Raven Ioor}, publisher = {University of Michigan Press}, series = {Studies in {American English}}, title = {The pronunciation of {{{E}}}nglish in the {A}tlantic States: {{B}}ased upon the collections of the linguistic atlas of the {{{E}}}astern {{U}}nited {S}tates}, year = {1961} } @book{jamesyoussef2002, address = {St. Augustine, Trinidad}, author = {James, Winford and Youssef, Valerie}, keywords = {Winford}, publisher = {Cornerstone Press}, title = {The languages of {T}obago: {G}enesis, structure and perspectives}, year = {2002} } @book{isurin2009, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Isurin, Ludmila and Winford, Donald and de Bot, Kees}, keywords = {Winford}, publisher = {John Benjamins }, title = {Multidisciplinary approaches to code switching}, volume = {41}, year = {2009} } @book{garrett2010attitudes, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Garrett, Peter}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {Attitudes to {L}anguage}, year = {2010} } @book{devonish1986_liberation, address = {London}, author = {Devonish, Hubert}, publisher = {Karia Press}, title = {Language and {L}iberation. {C}reole {L}anguage {P}olitics in the {C}aribbean}, year = {1986} } @book{craigjames2008, address = {Arima, Trinidad \& Tobago}, author = {Craig-James, Susan}, note = {{Vol. I: 1838--1900, Vol. II: 1900--1938}}, publisher = {Cornerstone Press}, title = {The changing society of {T}obago, 1838-1938: {A} fractured whole}, year = {2008} } @book{byrnewinford1993, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Byrne, Francis and Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {Focus and Grammatical Relations in {C}reole Languages}, year = {1993} } @book{burgess1994planning, address = {Columbus, OH}, author = {Burgess, Patricia}, publisher = {Ohio State University Press}, title = {Planning for the private interest: {{L}}and use controls and residential patterns in {{Columbus}, Ohio}, 1900-1970}, year = {1994} } @book{biblesociety2012, address = {Kingston}, author = {{Bible Society of the West Indies}}, publisher = {Bible Society of the West Indies}, title = {Di {J}amiekan {N}yuu {T}estiment/{T}he {J}amaican {N}ew {T}estament}, year = {2012} } @Book{ayala_bernabe2007, author = {Ayala, Cesar J. and Bernabe, Rafael}, title = {{P}uerto {R}ico in the {A}merican Century}, publisher = {University of North Carolina}, address = {Chapel Hill, NC}, year = {2007}, } @book{Zamora-Vicente1989, address = {Madrid}, author = {Zamora-Vicente, Alonso}, publisher = {Gredos}, title = {Dialectología española}, year = {1989} } @book{Yağmur1997, address = {Tilburg}, author = {Yağmur, Kutlay}, publisher = {Tilburg University Press}, sortname = {Yagmur, Kutlay}, title = {First language attrition among {T}urkish speakers in {S}ydney}, year = {1997} } @book{WolframThomas2002, address = {Oxford}, author = {Wolfram, Walt and Erik Thomas}, publisher = {Blackwell}, title = {The development of {{African}} {{American}} {{English}}}, year = {2002} } @book{Wolfenden1971, address = {Honolulu}, author = {Wolfenden, Elmer P.}, publisher = {University of Hawaii Press}, title = {{{Hiligaynon}} reference grammar}, year = {1971} } @book{Wilmore1972, address = {Garden City, NY}, author = {Wilmore, Gayraud}, publisher = {Doubleday}, title = {Black religion and black radicalism}, year = {1972} } @book{Whinnom1956, address = {Hong Kong}, author = {Whinnom, Keith}, publisher = {Hong Kong University}, title = {{{Spanish}} contact vernaculars in the {{Philippine}} Islands}, year = {1956} } @book{Watson1989, address = {Athens}, author = {Watson, Alan}, publisher = {The University of Georgia Press}, title = {{Slave} law in the {A}mericas}, year = {1989} } @book{Vizcarrondo1983, address = {San Juan de Puerto Rico}, author = {Vizcarrondo, Fortunato}, publisher = {Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña}, title = {Dinga y mandinga: {{P}}oemas}, year = {1983} } @book{Visconte_forthcoming, address = {Austin}, author = {Visconte, Piero and Sessarego, Sandro}, publisher = {The University of Texas at Austin}, title = {How Law Shapes Language: {P}uerto {R}ican {Slave} Laws and the (De)creolization Hypothesis}, pubstate = {forthcoming} } @book{Vendler1967, address = {Ithaca, NY}, author = {Vendler, Zeno}, publisher = {Cornell University Press}, title = {Linguistics in philosophy}, year = {1967} } @book{Velupillai2015, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Velupillai, Viveka}, series = {Creole Language Library}, number = {12}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {{{Pidgins}}, {{Creoles}} and Mixed Languages. {A}n Introduction}, year = {2015} } @book{Ungerleider2000, address = {San Juan, Puerto Rico}, author = {Ungerleider, Kepler D.}, publisher = {Isla Negra}, title = {Las fiestas de {S}antiago {A}póstol en {L}oíza: {L}a cultura afro-puertorriqueña ante los procesos de hibridación y globalización}, year = {2000} } @book{Tronchoy1709, address = {Troyes}, author = {Tronchoy, Gautier du}, note = {[published anonymously]}, publisher = {Jacques Le Febvre}, title = {Journal de la Campagne des {{Isles}} de l’{A}mérique, qu’à fait {M}onsieur {D}***. {L}a prise, possession de l'isle {Saint Christophe}... (…) par {G. D. T} (...).}, year = {1709} } @Book{Tió1961, author = {Tió, Aurelio}, title = {Nuevas fuentes para la historia de {P}uerto {R}ico}, publisher = {San Germán}, address = {San Juan, PR}, sortname = {Tio, Aurelio}, year = {1961}, } @book{Thomason2001, address = {Edinburgh}, author = {Thomason, Sarah Grey}, publisher = {University of Edinburgh Press}, title = {Language Contact. {A}n Introduction.}, year = {2001} } @book{Thomas2010, address = {Chicago}, author = {Thomas, Lorrin}, publisher = {University of Chicago Press}, title = {Puerto {R}ican {C}itizen}, year = {2010} } @book{Tannenbaum1946, address = {New York}, author = {Tannenbaum, Frank}, publisher = {Vintage Books}, title = {{Slave} and {C}itizen}, year = {1946} } @book{Stein2017, address = {Berlin}, author = {Stein, Peter}, annote = {In cooperation with Katrin Mutz}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, title = {Kreolisch und Französisch}, edition = {2}, year = {2017} } % not sure what reference this is %conference paper @book{Singler1998, address = {The African-American diaspora}, author = {Singler, John Victor}, title = {Who were the dispersed? {A}nnual meeting, New Ways of Analyzing Variation in {English}}, publisher={University of Georgia}, year = {1998} } @book{Siegel2008, address = {Oxford}, author = {Siegel, Jeff}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {The Emergence of Pidgin and Creole Languages}, year = {2008} } @book{Shekitka2017, address = {Ney York City, NY}, author = {Shekitka, John}, publisher = {Columbia University Teachers’ College Center on History and Education}, title = {On {A}rrival: {P}uerto {R}icans in {Post-World} {W}ar {{II}} {N}ew {Y}ork}, year = {2017} } @book{Sessarego2021, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Sessarego, Sandro}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {Interfaces and {D}omains of {C}ontact-{D}riven {R}estructuring}, year = {2021} } @book{Sessarego2019, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Sessarego, Sandro}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {Language {C}ontact and the {M}aking of an {Afro-{Hispanic}} {V}ernacular: {V}ariation and {C}hange in the {C}olombian {C}hocó}, year = {2019} } @book{Sessarego2018_lingua, address = {Amsterdam}, editor = {Sessarego, Sandro}, publisher = {Elsevier}, sortname = {Sessarego, Sandro}, title = {Current {T}rends in {A}fro-{H}ispanic {L}inguistics. [{L}ingua {S}pecial {I}ssue]}, year = {2018} } @book{Sessarego2018_laschiavitu, address = {Genoa}, author = {Sessarego, Sandro}, publisher = {Marietti Editore}, title = {{La} schiavitù nera nell’{A}merica spagnola}, year = {2018} } @book{Sessarego2015, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Sessarego, Sandro}, publisher = {Benjamins}, title = {Afro-{P}eruvian {S}panish}, year = {2015} } @book{Sessarego2014, address = {Columbus, OH}, author = {Sessarego, Sandro}, publisher = {The Ohio State University Press}, title = {The {Afro-Bolivian} {S}panish {D}eterminer {P}hrase.}, year = {2014} } @book{Sessarego2013_chotavalley, address = {Madrid}, author = {Sessarego, Sandro}, publisher = {Iberoamericana}, title = {Chota {V}alley {S}panish}, year = {2013} } @book{SchweglerGreen2007, address = {London}, author = {Schwegler, Armin and Green, Kate}, booktitle = {Comparative creole syntax: {P}arallel outlines of 18 creole grammars}, number = {7}, pages = {273--306}, publisher = {Battlebridge}, series = {Westminster Creolistics Series}, title = {{{Palenquero} ({Creole} {Spanish})}}, year = {2007} } @book{Schwegler1996, address = {Madrid}, author = {Schwegler, Armin}, publisher = {Iberoamericana}, title = {Chi ma nkongo: {{L}}engua y rito ancestrales en {{E}}l {P}alenque de {S}an {B}asilio ({C}olombia)}, year = {1996} } @book{Schuchardt1888, address = {Berlin}, author = {Schuchardt, Hugo}, publisher = {Oppenheim}, title = {Auf {A}nlass des {V}olapüks}, year = {1888} } @book{SchachterOtanes1972, address = {Berkeley}, author = {Schachter, Paul and Fe T. Otanes}, publisher = {University of California Press}, title = {{{Tagalog}} Reference Grammar}, year = {1972} } @book{Rouse1994, address = {Princeton NJ}, author = {Rouse, Irving}, publisher = {Princeton University Press}, title = {The Tainos: {R}ise and Decline of the People Who Greeted {C}olumbus}, year = {1994} } @book{Rivera-Quintero2014, address = {San Juan, PR}, author = {Rivera-Quintero, Marcia}, publisher = {Fundación Sila M. Calderón}, title = {El vuelo de la esperanza: {P}royecto de las Comunidades Especiales {P}uerto {R}ico, 1997-2004}, year = {2014} } % not sure whart this reference is @book{Reprintedin:Ferguson1996, address = {New York}, author = {Reprinted in: Ferguson, Charles A.}, note = {Reprinted in: Ferguson, Charles A.}, publisher = {115-123}, sortname = {Reprinted in: Ferguson, Charles A.}, title = {Papers on language in society, 1959-1994}, year = {1996} } @book{Reichenbach1947, address = {New York}, author = {Reichenbach, Hans}, publisher = {Macmillan}, title = {Elements of symbolic logic}, year = {1947} } @book{Prudent1999, address = {Des baragouins à la langue antillaise. Analyse historique et sociolinguistique du discours sur le créole. Paris}, author = {Prudent, Lambert Félix}, publisher = {L’Harmattan}, sortname = {Prudent, Lambert Felix}, title = {(2)}, year = {1999} } @book{PoplackTagliamonte2001, address = {Malden, MA, and Oxford}, author = {Poplack, Shana and Sali Tagliamonte}, publisher = {Blackwell}, title = {{{African}} {{American}} {{English}} in the diaspora}, year = {2001} } @book{Picó1986, address = {Río Piedras, PR}, author = {Picó, Fernando}, publisher = {Ediciones Huracán}, sortname = {Pico, Fernando}, title = {Historia general de {P}uerto {R}ico}, year = {1986} } @book{Perlschwegler1998, address = {Madrid}, author = {Perl, Matthias and Schwegler, Armin}, publisher = {Iberoamericana}, title = {América negra}, year = {1998} } @book{Perdue_v2_1993, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Perdue, Clive}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {Adult language acquisition: {C}ross-linguistic perspectives. {T}he Results}, volume = {2}, year = {1993} } @book{Perdue_v1_1993, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Perdue, Clive}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {Adult language acquisition: {C}ross-linguistic perspectives. {F}ield Methods}, volume = 1, year = {1993} } @book{PenzoDevers1999, address = {Santo Domingo}, author = {Penzo Devers, Gregorio Elías}, publisher = {Alfa \& Omega}, sortname = {Penzo Devers, Gregorio Elias}, title = {Compendio de la Historia de {{Samaná}}, 1493-1930}, year = {1999} } @book{Pelleprat1655, address = {Paris}, author = {Pelleprat, Pierre}, publisher = {S. \& G. Cramoisy.}, title = {Relations des Missions des {P.} {P.} de la {Compagnie de Jésus} dans les isles et dans la Terme firme de l’{Amérique} méridionale}, year = {1655} } @book{Pederson1965, address = {Alabama}, author = {Pederson, Lee A.}, series = {Publication of the American Dialect Society}, number = {44}, publisher = {University of Alabama Press}, title = {The pronunciation of {{English}} in metropolitan {Chicago}}, year = {1965} } @book{Payne1968, address = {Nashville, TN}, author = {Payne, Daniel A.}, editor = {Rev. C. S. Smith}, note = {[Reprinted, 1968. New York. Johnson Reprint Corporation]}, publisher = {Publishing House of the A. M. E. Sunday School Union}, title = {{[1891]. {{H}}istory of the {African} Methodist Episcopal Church}}, year = {1968} } @book{ParkvallBakker2013, address = {Berlin}, author = {Parkvall, Mikael and Peter Bakker}, booktitle = {Contact languages}, editors = {Yaron Matras and Peter Bakker}, pages = {15--64}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, title = {{Pidgins}}, year = {2013} } @book{Palmer2001, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Palmer, Frank R.}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {Mood and modality}, year = {2001} } @book{Palmer1976, address = {Cambridge, MA}, author = {Palmer, Colin A.}, publisher = {Harvard University Press}, title = {Slaves of the {W}hite {G}od: {B}lacks in {M}exico, 1570-1650}, year = {1976} } @book{Ott1973, address = {Knoxville}, author = {Ott, Thomas}, publisher = {University of Tennessee Press}, title = {The {H}aitian Revolution: 1789-1804}, year = {1973} } @book{Ortiz-López1998, address = {Madrid}, author = {Ortiz-López, Luis}, publisher = {Iberoamericana}, sortname = {Ortiz-Lopez, Luis}, title = {Huellas etno-sociolingüísticas bozales y afrocubanas}, year = {1998} } @book{Newman2008, address = {Philadelphia}, author = {Newman, Richard S.}, publisher = {The Library Company of Philadelphia}, title = {Black founders: {T}he {F}ree {B}lack community in the early {R}epublic}, year = {2008} } @book{Nash1988, address = {Cambridge, MA}, author = {Nash, Gary B.}, publisher = {Harvard University Press}, title = {Forging freedom: {{T}}he formation of {{Philadelphia}}’s {B}lack community, 1720-1840}, year = {1988} } @book{Mühlhäusler1997, address = {Colombo}, author = {Mühlhäusler, Peter}, edition = {2}, publisher = {Battlebridge Publications}, sortname = {Muhlhausler, Peter}, title = {{Pidgin} \& {Creole} linguistics}, year = {1997} } @Book{Murray1873, author = {Murray, James A. H.}, title = {The dialect of the southern counties of {S}cotland: {I}ts pronunciation, grammar, and historical relations}, publisher = {The Philological Society}, address = {London}, year = {1873}, } @InCollection{Mufwene2015, address = {Oxford}, author = {Mufwene, Salikoko S.}, booktitle = {International encyclopedia of social and behavioral sciences}, editor = {James Wright}, edition = {2}, page = {133--145}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {{{Pidgin}} and {{Creole}} Languages}, year = {2015} } @book{Montrul2016, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Montrul, Silvina}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {The Acquisition of Heritage Languages}, year = {2016} } @book{Montrul2008, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Montrul, Silvina}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {Incomplete Acquisition in Bilingualism}, year = {2008} } @book{Moll2015, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Moll, Andrea}, publisher = {Benjamins}, title = {{{Jamaican}} {{Creole}} goes Web: {S}ociolinguistic styling and authenticity in a digital yaad}, year = {2015} } @misc{MinistryofEducation2001, address = {Kingston}, author = {{Ministry of Education, Youth and Culture, Jamaica}}, title = {Language {{E}}ducation {P}olicy}, year = {2001} } @book{MichaelisHuber2013, address = {Leipzig}, booktitle = {Atlas of pidgin and creole language structures}, editor = {Michaelis, Susanne Maria and Philippe Maurer and Martin Haspelmath and Magnus Huber}, publisher = {Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology}, title = {Atlas of pidgin and creole language structures}, url = {http://apics-online.info}, urldate = {2019-02-20}, year = {2013} } @book{Meisel2011, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Meisel, Jürgen M.}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, sortname = {Meisel, Jurgen M.}, title = {First and {S}econd {L}anguage {A}cquisition. {P}arallels and {D}ifferences.}, year = {2011} } @book{Meade2001, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Meade, Rocky}, publisher = {Holland Institute of Generative Linguistics/Netherlands Graduate School of Linguistics}, title = {Acquisition of {J}amaica phonology}, year = {2001} } @book{McWhorter2000, address = {Berkeley, CA}, author = {McWhorter, John}, publisher = {University of California Press}, title = {{The Missing {Spanish} {Creoles}}}, year = {2000} } @book{McCollMillar2007, address = {London}, author = {McColl Millar, Robert}, edition = {2}, publisher = {Arnold}, title = {Trask’s historical linguistics}, year = {2007} } @Book{Mayo-Santana_Negrón-Portillo2007, author = {Mayo-Santana, Raúl and Negrón-Por\-tillo, Mariano}, title = {{La} esclavitud menor}, publisher = {Centro de Investigaciones Sociales}, address = {Río Piedras, PR}, sortname = {Mayo-Santana, Raul and Negron-Por\-tillo, Mariano}, year = {2007}, } @book{Maurer1988, address = {Hamburg}, author = {Maurer, Philippe}, publisher = {Buske}, title = {Les modifications temporelles et modales du verbe dans le papiamento de {C}uraćao ({A}ntilles {N}éerlandaises)}, year = {1988} } @book{MauleónBenítez1974, address = {Madrid}, author = {Mauleón de Benítez, Carmen Cecilia}, publisher = {Gráficas ARABI}, sortname = {Mauleon de Benitez, Carmen Cecilia}, title = {{El español de Loíza Aldea}}, year = {1974} } @misc{Matyiku2011, author = {Matyiku, Sabina}, note = {Updated by Tom McCoy (2015) and Katie Martin (2018)}, booktitle = {Yale Grammatical Diversity Project: English in North America}, title = {A-prefixing}, year = {2011}, url = {http://ygdp.yale.edu/phenomena/a-prefixing}, urldare = {\biberror{no urldate}} } @book{Masó1976, address = {Miami}, author = {Masó, Calixto}, publisher = {Ediciones Universal}, sortname = {Maso, Calixto}, title = {Historia de {{Cuba}}}, year = {1976} } @book{Mason1918, address = {San Juan}, author = {Mason, John Alden}, publisher = {Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña}, title = {Décimas de 1898}, year = {1918} } @phdthesis{Mann-Hamilton2016, author = {Mann-Hamilton, Ryan}, school = {City University of New York}, title = {What the tides may bring. {P}olitical “tigueraje,” dispossession and popular dissent in {S}amaná, {D}ominican {R}epublic}, year = {2016} } @book{Madiou1988, address = {Port-au-Prince}, author = {Madiou, Thomas}, note = {[1848]}, publisher = {Editions Henri Deschamps}, title = {{Histoire} d'Haïti. {{T}}ome {VI}, De 1819 à 1826. [8 vols.]}, year = {1988} } @book{MacWhinneydatabase2000, address = {Hillsdale, NJ}, author = {MacWhinney, Brian}, edition = {3rd ed.}, publisher = {Lawrence Erlbaum Associates}, title = {The {{CHILDES}} project: {T}he database}, year = {2000} } @book{MacWhinneyTools2000, address = {Hillsdale, NJ}, author = {MacWhinney, Brian}, edition = {3rd ed.}, publisher = {Lawrence Erlbaum Associates}, title = {The {{CHILDES}} project: {T}ools for analyzing talk}, year = {2000} } @book{L’Incarnation1681, address = {A la mère de {S}ainte {C}atherine. In: Lettres de la Vénérable Mère Marie de l'Incarnation: première supérieure des Ursulines de la Nouvelle France. Paris}, author = {de L’Incarnation, Marie}, publisher = {Louis Billaine}, sortname = {de L'Incarnation, Marie}, title = {Lettre {{CXXVI}}, à la superieure des {{U}}rsulines de {S}aint {D}enys en {{France}}}, year = {1681} } @book{Lucena2000, address = {Madrid}, author = {Lucena, Salmoral Manuel}, publisher = {Ediciones UNESCO}, title = {Los códigos negros de la {América Española}}, year = {2000} } @book{Lorenzino2007, address = {London}, author = {Lorenzino, Gerardo A.}, booktitle = {Angolar {({CreoleP}ortuguese)} or {Lunga {Ngola}}}, booktitle ={Comparative creole syntax: {P}arallel outlines of 18 creole grammars}, editor = {John Holm and Peter L. Patrick}, number = {7}, pages = {1--23}, publisher = {Battlebridge}, series = {Westminster Creolistics Series}, title = {Angolar {({CreoleP}ortuguese)} or {Lunga {Ngola}}}, booktitle ={Comparative creole syntax: {P}arallel outlines of 18 creole grammars}, year = {2007} } @book{Lorenzino2000, address = {München}, author = {Lorenzino, Gerardo}, publisher = {LINCOM}, title = {The morphosyntax of {{Spanish}}-lexified creoles}, year = {2000} } @book{Lipski2008, address = {Madrid}, author = {Lipski, John M.}, publisher = {Iberoamericana}, title = {{Afro-Bolivian {Spanish}}}, year = {2008} } @book{Lipski2005, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Lipski, John M.}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {A history of {Afro-{Hispanic}} Language:{F}ive Centuries and Five Continents}, year = {2005} } @book{Lipski1993, address = {Albuquerque NM}, author = {Lipski, John M.}, publisher = {University of New Mexico Press}, title = {On the Non-{Creole} Basis for {A}fro-{Caribbean} {S}panish}, url = {http:/www.personal.psu.edu/jml34/noncreol.pdf}, year = {1993} } @book{Lanehart2015, address = {Oxford, New York}, booktitle = {The {{Oxford}} handbook of {{African}} {{American}} Language}, editor = {Lanehart, Sonja}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {The {{Oxford}} handbook of {{African}} {{American}} Language}, year = {2015} } @book{LambertFreed1982, address = {Rowley}, booktitle = {The {L}oss of language skills}, editor = {Lambert, Richard and Freed, Barbara}, publisher = {Newbury House}, title = {The {L}oss of language skills}, year = {1982} } @book{Labov1972, address = {Philadelphia}, author = {Labov, William}, publisher = {University of Pennsylvania Press}, title = {Sociolinguistic Patterns}, year = {1972} } @book{Labat1724_tome2, address = {{L}a {H}aye}, author = {Labat, Jean-Baptiste}, booktitle = {Nouveau voyage aux isles de l'Amérique (…), contenant l'histoire naturelle de ces pays, l'origine, les moeurs, la religion et le gouvernement des habitans anciens et modernes, les guerres et les événemens singuliers qui y sont arrivez... {{L}}e commerce et les manufactures qui y sont établies... {{O}}uvrage enrichi de plus de cent cartes, plans et figures en taille-douce}, editor = {Husson, P. and Johnson, T. and Gosse, P. and Van Duren, J. and Alberts, R. and Le Vier, C.}, volume = {2}, title = {Nouveau voyage aux isles de l'Amérique (…), contenant l'histoire naturelle de ces pays, l'origine, les moeurs, la religion et le gouvernement des habitans anciens et modernes, les guerres et les événemens singuliers qui y sont arrivez... {{L}}e commerce et les manufactures qui y sont établies... {{O}}uvrage enrichi de plus de cent cartes, plans et figures en taille-douce}, year = {1724}, publisher = {P. Husson} } @book{Labat1724_tome1, address = {Paris}, author = {Labat, Jean-Baptiste}, booktitle = {Nouveau voyage aux isles de l'Amérique (…), contenant l'histoire naturelle de ces pays, l'origine, les moeurs, la religion et le gouvernement des habitans anciens et modernes, les guerres et les événemens singuliers qui y sont arrivez... {{L}}e commerce et les manufactures qui y sont établies... {{O}}uvrage enrichi de plus de cent cartes, plans et figures en taille-douce}, editor = {Ch. J. B. Delespine}, volume = {1}, title = {Nouveau voyage aux isles de l'Amérique (…), contenant l'histoire naturelle de ces pays, l'origine, les moeurs, la religion et le gouvernement des habitans anciens et modernes, les guerres et les événemens singuliers qui y sont arrivez... {{L}}e commerce et les manufactures qui y sont établies... {{O}}uvrage enrichi de plus de cent cartes, plans et figures en taille-douce}, year = {1724}, publisher = {P. Husson} } @book{Kurath1939, address = {Providence, RI}, booktitle = {Handbook of the Linguistic Geography of {N}ew {{E}}ngland}, editor = {Kurath, Hans and Hansen, Marcus and Bloch,Julia and Bloch,Bernard}, publisher = {Brown University}, title = {Handbook of the Linguistic Geography of {N}ew {{E}}ngland}, year = {1939} } @book{Kroeger1993, address = {Stanford}, author = {Kroeger, Paul}, publisher = {Center for the Study of Language and Information}, title = {Phrase structure and grammatical relations in {{Tagalog}}}, year = {1993} } @book{KouwenbergRamos2007, address = {London}, author = {Kouwenberg, Silvia and Abigail Ramos-Michel}, booktitle = {Comparative creole syntax: {P}arallel outlines of 18 creole grammars}, editor = {John Holm and Peter L. Patrick}, number = {7}, pages = {307--332}, publisher = {Battlebridge}, series = {Westminster Creolistics Series}, title = {{{Papiamentu}} {({Creole} {Spanish}/{Portuguese})}}, year = {2007} } @book{KouwenbergMurray1994, address = {München}, author = {Kouwenberg, Silvia and Murray, Eric}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, title = {{Papiamentu}}, year = {1994} } @book{KleinPerdue1992, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Klein, Wolfgang and Clive Perdue}, publisher = {Benjamins}, title = {Utterance structure: {D}eveloping grammars again}, year = {1992} } @book{Klee_lynch2009, address = {Washington DC}, author = {Klee, Carol A. and Lynch, Andrew}, publisher = {Georgetown University Press}, title = {El español en contacto con otras lenguas}, year = {2009} } @book{Kennedy2017, address = {Jamaica/Barbados/Trinidad and Tobago}, author = {Kennedy, Michele M.}, publisher = {UWI Press}, title = {What do {J}amaican children speak? {A} language resource}, year = {2017} } @book{Keim1870, address = {From the portfolio of a correspondent in the American tropics. Philadelphia}, author = {Keim, DeBenneville Randolph}, publisher = {Claxton, Remsen \& Haffelfinger}, title = {{{San}} {D}omingo: {{P}}en pictures and leaves of travel, romance and history}, year = {1870} } @book{Keijzer2010, address = {Germany}, author = {Keijzer, Merel}, publisher = {LAP Lambert Academic}, title = {First language acquisition and first language attrition: {P}arallels and divergences}, year = {2010}, } @book{Jones1998, address = {Boston}, author = {Jones, Jacquie}, publisher = {WGBH Educational Foundation}, title = {Africans in {{America}}. {P}art 3, {B}rotherly love. {I}nterview with {{E}}mma {L}apsansky, professor of history, {H}averford {C}ollege. {V}ideo}, year = {1998} } @book{Jespersen1922, address = {London: Allen \& Unwin. New York}, author = {Jespersen, Otto}, publisher = {Henry Holt \& Co}, title = {Language: {I}ts Nature, Development and Origin}, year = {1922} } @book{Jakobson1941, address = {The Hague}, author = {Jakobson, Roman}, publisher = {Mouton}, title = {Child language, aphasia and phonological universals}, year = {1941} } @book{Jacobs2012, address = {Berlín}, author = {Jacobs, Bart}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, title = {Origins of a {C}reole}, year = {2012} } @phdthesis{Jackson1976, title = {The origin of {{Pan-African}} nationalism: {Afro-American} and {Haytian} relations, 1800-1863}, author = {Jackson, James O'Dell, III}, school = {Northwestern University}, sortname = {Jackson, James O'Dell, III}, year = {1976} } @book{JLU2009, address = {Kingston}, author = {{Jamaican Language Unit}}, publisher = {Arawak}, title = {Writing {J}amaican the {J}amaican {W}ay/{O}u fi {R}ait {J}amiekan}, year = {2009} } @book{HortonHorton1998, address = {New York \& Oxford}, author = {Horton, James Oliver and Lois E. Horton}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {In hope of liberty: {{C}}ulture, community and protest among {{Northern}} Free {B}lacks, 1700-1860}, year = {1998} } @book{HolmPatrick2007, address = {London}, booktitle = {Comparative creole syntax}, editor = {John Holm and Peter L. Patrick}, publisher = {Battlebridge Press}, title = {Comparative creole syntax}, year = {2007} } @book{Holm2007, address = {London}, author = {Holm, John and Patrick, Peter L.}, publisher = {Battlebridge}, title = {{Comparative {Creole} syntax}}, year = {2007} } @book{Hazaël-Massieux2008, address = {Paris}, author = {Hazaël-Massieux, Marie-Christine}, publisher = {Éditions Publibook Université}, sortname = {Hazael-Massieux, Marie-Christine}, title = {Textes anciens en créole français de la {C}araïbe. {{Histoire}} et analyse}, year = {2008} } @book{Hazaël-Massieux1996, address = {Aix-en Provence}, author = {Hazaël-Massieux, Guy}, publisher = {Publications de l’Université de Provence}, sortname = {Hazael-Massieux, Guy}, title = {Les créoles. {P}roblèmes de genèse et de description}, year = {1996} } @book{Hackert2004, address = {Amsterdam/Philadelphia}, author = {Hackert, Stephanie}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {Urban {B}ahamian {C}reole: {S}ystem and variation}, year = {2004} } @book{GrunbergGrunberg2013, address = {Paris}, booktitle = {Voyageurs Anonymes aux Antilles}, editor = {Grunberg, Bernard, Benoît Roux and Josiane Grunberg}, publisher = {L’Harmattan}, sortname = {Grunberg, Bernard, Benoit Roux and Josiane Grunberg}, title = {Voyageurs Anonymes aux Antilles}, year = {2013} } @book{Grandade1978, address = {Madrid}, author = {de Granda, Germán}, publisher = {Gredos}, sortname = {de Granda, German}, title = {Estudios lingüísticos afrohispánicos y criollos}, year = {1978} } @book{Gordon2015, address = {The African Supplement}, author = {Gordon, Sarah Barringer}, publisher = {Faculty Scholarship Paper 1575}, title = {Religion, race, and corporate law in early national America}, url = {http://scholarship.law.upenn.edu/faculty_scholarship/1575}, year = {2015} } @book{Goodman1964, address = {The Hague}, author = {Goodman, Morris F.}, publisher = {Mouton}, title = {A Comparative Study of {{Creole} {French}} Dialects}, year = {1964} } @book{Goilo2000, address = {Oranjestad, Aruba}, author = {Goilo, Enrique R.}, publisher = {De Wit Stores N. V.}, title = {{Papiamentu} textbook}, year = {2000} } @book{Godbout1987, address = {Santo Domingo}, author = {Godbout, Santiago}, publisher = {Amigo del Hogar}, title = {Historia parroquial de {{Santa}} {{Barbara}} de {{Samaná}}}, year = {1987} } @book{Geeslin2013, address = {Hoboken, NJ}, author = {Geeslin, Kimberly}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, title = {{The Handbook of {Spanish} Second Language Acquisition}}, year = {2013} } @book{Feagin1979, address = {Washington}, author = {Feagin, Crawford}, publisher = {Georgetown University Press}, title = {Variation and change in {{Alabama}} {{English}}: {{A}} sociolinguistic study of the White community}, year = {1979} } @book{Fanning2015, address = {New York}, author = {Fanning, Sara}, publisher = {NYU Press}, title = {{{Caribbean}} crossing: {{A}}frican {A}mericans and the {{Haitian}} emigration movement}, year = {2015} } @book{Escalona1883, address = {San Juan}, author = {Escalona, Rafael E.}, publisher = {Imprenta de Carlos González Font}, title = {Flor de una noche}, year = {1883} } @book{Escalante2010, address = {Manila}, author = {Escalante, Enrique R.}, publisher = {Baby Dragon Printing}, title = {Learning {{Chabacano}}: {{A}} handbook}, year = {2010} } @book{English2010, address = {Mandaluyong City}, author = {English, Leo James}, publisher = {Cacho Hermanos, Inc}, title = {{{Tagalog}}-{{English}} dictionary}, year = {2010} } @book{English2008, address = {Mandaluyong City}, author = {English, Leo James}, publisher = {Cacho Hermanos, Inc}, title = {{{English}}-{{Tagalog}} dictionary}, year = {2008} } @book{Ellis1994, address = {Oxford}, author = {Ellis, Rod}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {The study of second language acquisition}, year = {1994} } @book{EdwardsWinford1991, address = {Detroit}, booktitle = {Verb phrase patterns in Black {{English}} and {{Creole}}}, editor = {Edwards, Walter and Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, publisher = {Wayne State University Press}, title = {Verb phrase patterns in {B}lack {{English}} and {{Creole}}}, year = {1991} } @book{Duany2000, address = {New York City, NY}, author = {Duany, Andres and Plater-Zyberk, Elizabeth and Speck, Jeff}, publisher = {North Point Press}, title = {Suburban Nation}, year = {2000} } @book{DuTertre1667, address = {Paris}, author = {Du Tertre, Jean-Baptiste}, publisher = {Thomas Iolly}, title = {{Histoire} générale des {A}ntilles habitées par les {François}. {Tome} {II}. {Contenant} l'histoire naturelle, enrichy de cartes \& de figures. {Par} le {R.P.} dv {Tertre}, de l'ordre des {FF}. {Prescheurs}, de la congregation de {S}. {Louis}, missionnaire apostolique dans les {Antilles}}, year = {1667} } @book{Dorsey2003, address = {Gainesville}, author = {Dorsey, James C.}, publisher = {University Press of Florida}, title = {{Slave} Traffic in the Age of Abolition: {P}uerto {R}ico, {W}est {A}frica, and the Non-{Hispanic} {C}aribbean, 1815-1859}, year = {2003} } @misc{Dorman2009, publisher = {Preservation Alliance}, author = {Dorman, Dana}, title = {Philadelphia’s {African American} heritage: {A} brief historic context statement for the {Preservation Alliance}’s inventory of {African American} historic sites}, address = {Philadelphia, PA}, url = {http://www.preservationalliance.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/HCSAfricanAmericanHeritage.pdf}, year = {2009} } @book{Dietz2018, address = {Princeton, NJ}, author = {Dietz, James L.}, publisher = {Princeton University Press}, title = {{Economic History of {Puerto Rico}}}, year = {2018} } @book{Derkes1883, address = {Ponce, PR}, author = {Derkes, Eleuterio}, publisher = {Imprenta de Morel}, title = {Tío {F}ele: {{C}}omedia en un acto}, year = {1883} } @book{DeBotSchrauf2009, address = {New York}, author = {de Bot, Kees and Schrauf, Robert}, publisher = {Routledge}, title = {Language {D}evelopment over the {L}ifespan}, year = {2009} } @book{Dahl1985, address = {Oxford}, author = {Dahl, Östen}, publisher = {Basil Blackwell}, sortname = {Dahl, Osten}, title = {Tense and aspect systems}, year = {1985} } @book{Cushner1980, address = {Albany}, author = {Cushner, Nicholas}, publisher = {University of New York Press}, title = {Lords of the Land: {S}ugar, Wine, and the {J}esuit Estates of Coastal {P}eru}, year = {1980} } @book{Curtin1969, address = {Madison}, author = {Curtin, Phillip}, publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press}, title = {The {{Atlantic}} {{Slave}} Trade: {A} {C}ensus}, year = {1969} } @book{Curry1986, address = {Chicago}, author = {Curry, Leonard P.}, publisher = {University of Chicago Press}, title = {The free black in urban {{America}}, 1800-1859: {{T}}he shadow of the dream}, year = {1986} } @book{Cook2016, address = {London/New York}, author = {Cook, Vivian}, edition = {5th ed.}, publisher = {Routledge}, title = {Second language learning and language teaching}, year = {2016} } @book{Cook2003, address = {Clevedon}, author = {Cook, Vivian}, publisher = {Multilingual Matters}, title = {Effects of the second language on the first}, year = {2003} } @book{Comrie1976, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Comrie, Bernard}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {Aspect: {A}n introduction to the study of verbal aspect and related problems}, year = {1976} } @book{Coelho1881, address = {Lisbon}, author = {Coelho, Adolpho F.}, publisher = {Casa da Socieade de Geografia}, title = {Os dialectos romanicos ou neo-latinos na {África, Ásia e América} ({B}oletim do Sociedade de Geographia de {L}isboa 2 ser. {{N}}°. 3)}, year = {1881} } @book{Clements2009, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Clements, J. Clancy}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {The legacy of {{Spanish}} and {{Portuguese}}: {Colonial} expansion and language change}, year = {2009} } @book{Clements1996, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Clements, J. Clancy}, publisher = {Benjamins}, title = {The genesis of a language: {T}he formation and development of {Korlai {Portuguese}}}, year = {1996} } @book{Chevillard1659, address = {Rennes}, author = {Chevillard, R. P. André}, publisher = {Jean Durand}, sortname = {Chevillard, R. P. Andre}, title = {Les desseins de son Eminence de {R}ichelieu pour l’{A}mérique}, year = {1659} } @book{Chaudenson1992, address = {Paris}, author = {Chaudenson, Robert}, publisher = {L’Harmattan}, title = {Des iles, des homes, des langues}, year = {1992} } @book{Cardoso2009, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Cardoso, Hugo C.}, publisher = {Landelijke Onderzoekschool Taalwetenschap}, title = {The {Indo-Portuguese} language of {D}iu}, year = {2009} } @book{Caballero1852, address = {San Juan, PR}, author = {Caballero, Ramón}, note = {Reprinted[2015]}, publisher = {Instituto de Literatura Puertorriqueña}, sortname = {Caballero, Ramon}, title = {{La} juega de gallos o el negro bozal}, year = {1852} } @book{BybeePagliuca1994, address = {Chicago}, author = {Bybee, Joan L. and Revere D. Perkins and William Pagliuca}, publisher = {University of Chicago Press}, title = {The evolution of grammar: {T}ense, aspect, and modality in the languages of the world}, year = {1994} } @Book{Bybee1985, author = {Bybee, Joan}, title = {Morphology}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, address = {Amsterdam \& Philadelphia}, year = {1985}, } @book{Brockington2006, address = {Lincoln}, author = {Brockington, Lolita}, publisher = {University of Nebraska Press}, title = {Blacks, {Indians}, and {S}paniards in the {Eastern} {A}ndes}, year = {2006} } @book{Bouton1640, address = {Paris}, author = {Bouton, Jacques}, publisher = {Cramoisy}, title = {Relation de l‘Establissement des Français depuis l’An de 1635 en l’{{Isle}} de Martinique}, year = {1640} } @misc{BoersmaWeenink2020, note = {(Version 6.1.35). Available online}, author = {Boersma, Paul and Weenink, David}, title = {{{PRAAT}}: {{D}}oing phonetics by computer. [Computer program]}, url = {http://www.praat.org/}, year = {2020} } @book{Bloomfield1933, address = {New York}, author = {Bloomfield, Leonard}, publisher = {Henry Holt and Co}, title = {Language}, year = {1933} } @book{Blanco1948, address = {New York}, author = {Blanco, Tomás}, publisher = {Arno Press}, sortname = {Blanco, Tomas}, title = {El prejuicio racial en {P}uerto {R}ico}, year = {1948} } @book{Bickerton1981, address = {Ann Arbor, MI}, author = {Bickerton, Derek}, note = {Reprinted 2016, Language Science Press}, publisher = {Karoma}, title = {Roots of Language}, year = {1981} } @book{Bhat1999, address = {Amsterdam/Philadelphia}, author = {Bhat, D. N. Shankara}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {The {P}rominence of tense, aspect and mood}, year = {1999} } @book{Berlin1998, address = {Cambridge, MA}, author = {Berlin, Ira}, publisher = {Harvard University Press}, title = {Many Thousands Gone}, year = {1998} } @book{Batalha1974, address = {Macau}, author = {Batalha, Graciete Nogueira}, publisher = {Imprensa Nacional de Macau}, title = {Língua de {Macau}}, year = {1974} } @book{Baralt1981, address = {Río Piedras}, author = {Baralt, Guillermo}, publisher = {Ediciones Huracán}, title = {Esclavos rebeldes: {C}onspiraciones y sublevaciones de esclavos en {P}uerto {R}ico, 1795-1873}, year = {1981} } @InCollection{Bakker2008, address = {Oxford}, author = {Bakker, Peter}, booktitle = {Handbook of {Pidgin} and {Creole} Studies}, editor = {Kouwenberg,Silvia and John Singler}, pages = {130--157}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, title = {{{Pidgins}} versus {Creoles} and Pidgincreoles}, year = {2008} } @book{BakerBruyn1999, address = {London}, booktitle = {{St. {{K}}itts} and the {A}tlantic {C}reoles: {The Texts of {Samuel} Augustus Matthews} in perspective}, editor = {Baker, Philip and Adrienne Bruyn}, publisher = {Battlebridge}, title = {{St. {{K}}itts} and the {A}tlantic {C}reoles: {The Texts of {Samuel} Augustus Matthews} in perspective}, year = {1999} } @book{Bailey1973, address = {Washington DC}, author = {Bailey, Charles-James N.}, publisher = {Center for Applied Linguistics}, title = {Variation and Linguistic Theory}, year = {1973} } @book{Bailey1966, address = {Cambridge}, author = {Bailey, Beryl}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {{Jamaican} {C}reole syntax}, year = {1966} } @book{BaderWymann1994, address = {Bern}, author = {Bader, Thomas and Iwar Werlen and Adrian Wymann}, publisher = {Universität Bern Institut für Sprachwissenschaft}, title = {Towards a typology of modality: {{T}}he encoding of modal attitudes in {{Korean}}, {{Japanese}}, and {{Tagalog}}}, year = {1994} } @book{Andrés-Gallego2005, address = {Madrid}, author = {Andrés-Gallego, José}, publisher = {Ediciones Encuentro}, sortname = {Andres-Gallego, Jose}, title = {{La} esclavitud en la {A}mérica española}, year = {2005} } @book{AlvarezNazario1974, address = {San Juan}, author = {Álvarez-Nazario, Manuel}, publisher = {Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña}, sortname = {Alvarez-Nazario, Manuel}, title = {El elemento afronegroide en el español de {P}uerto {R}ico}, year = {1974} } @book{Alvar1996, address = {Barcelona}, author = {Alvar, Manuel}, publisher = {Ariel}, title = {Manual de dialectología hispánica}, year = {1996} } @book{Alis_advencha2016, address = {Portlaoise, Ireland}, author = {Carroll, Lewis}, note = {Translated by {Tamirand De Lisser}}, publisher = {Evertype}, title = {Alis {A}dvencha ina {W}andalan: {A}lice's {A}dventures in {W}onderland in {J}amaican {C}reole}, year = {2016} } @article{winford2005contact, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, journal = {Diachronica}, number = {2}, pages = {373--427}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, title = {Contact-induced changes: {{C}}lassification and processes}, volume = {22}, year = {2005} } @article{winford1985_diglossia, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, journal = {Language in Society}, pages = {345--356}, title = {The concept of ‘diglossia' in {C}aribbean creole situations}, volume = {14}, year = {1985} } @article{winford1976teacher, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, journal = {International {J}ournal of the Sociology of Language}, pages = {45--75}, title = {Teacher attitudes toward language varieties in a {C}reole community}, volume = {8}, year = {1976} } @article{winford1975, author = {Winford, Donald}, keywords = {Winford}, journal = {Caribbean Studies}, number = {3}, pages = {31--56}, title = {“{Creole}" Culture and Language in {{Trinidad}}: {A} Socio-Historical Sketch}, volume = {15}, year = {1975} } @article{winer_rimmer1994, author = {Winer, Lise and Rimmer, Mary}, journal = {English World-Wide}, number = {2}, pages = {225--248}, title = {Language varieties in early {T}rinidadian novels, 1838-1907}, volume = {15}, year = {1994} } @article{winer_gilbert1987, author = {Winer, Lise and Gilbert, Glenn}, journal = {English World-Wide}, number = {2}, pages = {235--262}, title = {A 19th century report on the {{E}}nglish {C}reole of {T}obago: {T}he {Uh-Schuchardt} correspondence}, volume = {8}, year = {1987} } @article{winer1997six, author = {Winer, Lise}, booktitle = {Six vernacular texts from {T}rinidad, 1839-1851}, editor = {Edgar Schneider}, journal = {Englishes around the World: {C}aribbean, {A}frica, {A}sia, {A}ustralia: {S}tudies in honor of {Manfred Görlach}}, pages = {69--83}, title = {Six vernacular texts from {T}rinidad, 1839-1851}, volume = {2}, year = {1997} } @article{winer1995penny, author = {Winer, Lise}, journal = {Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages}, note = {[Revised version and complete texts lodged with {dLOC}, the 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@article{vanderAuweraPlungian1998, author = {{van der Auwera}, Johan and Vladimir A. 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